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{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Beginners/FAQ}}
 
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Beginners/FAQ}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Beginners/FAQ}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Beginners/FAQ}}
−
 
+
#title Beginners FAQ
−
The intention of the page is to gather well-written answers to frequent questions (in the Absolute Beginners Forum) in an orderly fashion.
+
The intention of the page is to gather well-written answers to frequent questions from the Absolute Beginners Forum in an orderly fashion.
−
 
+
Suggestions are welcomed at [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=379658 Feature Requests ]
−
This page is in development.
+
The Ubuntu Documentation Team has also looked into creating a FAQ section, you can see their initial list of Common Questions on [http://philbull.googlepages.com/CommonQuestions-UbuntuForums.pdf this pdf document].
−
 
+
Also see [[UbuntuHelp:CommonQuestions|CommonQuestions]].
−
Suggestions are welcomed at [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=379658 ~ Feature Requests ~ ]
+
== Forums FAQ ==
−
 
+
=== Installing Ubuntu ===
−
 
+
* [http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu Where to get Ubuntu ?].
−
== FAQ ==
+
* [http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/downloadmirrors download mirrors].
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/MinimalCD|Minimal|installation]].
−
=== How to Install Ubuntu ===
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/MinimalCD|Minimal|installation ISO]].
−
 
+
* Which version of Ubuntu should I use ?
−
Installing a Operating System (OS) is a sophisticated an unfamiliar task. Before you start you should back up your data at a minimum. As you embark you will be confronted with partitioning your hard drive (to make room for a new OS) and installing a boot loader (to boot your various OS).
+
* Versions of Ubuntu are released every 6 months named by year.month and a "code name".
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuWiki:Releases|Releases]]
−
Fortunately Installing Ubuntu is relatively easy.
+
* What does LTS mean?
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuWiki:LTS|Length|of Support]]
−
Here are a few graphical guides :
+
* First you should know your architecture or (type of CPU).
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:SupportedArchitectures|Architectures]].
−
GraphicalInstall ~ This guide will get from start to finish.
+
* Next select a window manager.
−
 
+
* Ubuntu = [http://www.gnome.org/ Gnome].
−
Occasionally the Desktop, or Live CD, will fail. It can then be helpful to consider the Alternate CD. The alternate CD uses an older installer.
+
* Kubuntu = [http://www.kde.org/ KDE].
−
 
+
* Xubuntu = [http://www.xfce.org/ XFCE].
−
Overview (for further information): [http://users.bigpond.net.au/hermanzone/ Installing from the Alternate CD]
+
* You may add additional window managers after installation.
−
 
+
* Will Ubuntu run on my computer ?
−
Graphical guide: [http://users.bigpond.net.au/hermanzone/p3.htm Windows (ntfs) + Ubuntu 6.06 LTS]
+
* [[UbuntuWiki:HardwareSupport|Hardware|compatibility list]].
−
 
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* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/SystemRequirements|System|requirements]].
−
 
+
* [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=368607 Should I use 64 bit ?]
−
==== Additional information ====
+
* What is the difference between the Desktop / Server / and alternate CD's ?
−
 
+
* The "Desktop" CD is a "live CD" and boots Ubuntu without changing your hard drive. Use the desktop CD to test your hardware. To install Ubuntu click on the "install" icon on the desktop.
−
Where to download Ubuntu : GettingUbuntu
+
* The "Alternate" CD is a install CD (no "live" desktop) and is used if the Desktop fails. In addition the Alternate CD allows "advanced" features such as a minimal install, LVM, RAID, and encryption.
−
 
+
* The "Server" CD is also a installation CD and will set up LAMP. The server installation comes with no GUI (Graphical Interface).
−
How to burn the iso to CD : BurningIsoHowto
+
* *Most* dedicated Linux servers are managed either by editing configuration files (which are in plain text) or via Web based graphical interfaces (thus a GUI is not needed).
−
 
+
* You may install server software (apache, ssh, ftp, etc) on a Desktop or add a graphical interface to a server after installation.
−
Booting from the CD : [[UbuntuHelp:BootFromCD]]
+
* The "Minimal" CD is a minimal command line installation. It installs the base operating system and package manager with no GUI. This CD is not recommended for users with slow internet connections.
−
 
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* [[UbuntuHelp:BurningIsoHowto|How|To Burn an ISO]]
−
Partitioning basics : [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=282018 Basic Partitioning]
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:LiveCD|How|to boot the live CD]]
−
 
+
* Simply place the Ubuntu CD into your DVD/CDROM and reboot.
−
Grub : GrubHowto
+
* You may need to set your BIOS to boot from DVD/CDROM (this varies by BIOS, hit Ecs, F2, F8, etc during the initial boot process).
−
 
+
[[UbuntuHelp:BootFromCD|Trouble|booting from CD ?]].
−
[http://users.bigpond.net.au/hermanzone/p15.htm Hermanzone : How to Grub]
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Installation|How|To Install Ubuntu]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:HowToRemoveWindows|HowToRemoveWindows]]
−
=== Desktop customization ===
+
* How to remove Ubuntu.
−
 
+
* [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=508927 Remove Ubuntu / restore Windows].
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuWiki:WubiGuide#head-7cd5a1eda23f1e9960c28ef3a2f4e8645c5ea87d|Remove|Wubi]].
−
==== Accessibility options ====
+
=== Configuration ===
−
System>preferences>Accessibility is correct on a Feisty (7.04) system, the latest version. Select Keyboard accessibility and enable sticky keys etc
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Accessibility| Accessibility Features aka Assistive Technologies]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:RootSudo| Root / Sudo]]
−
On older system it is under System>preferences>Keyboard.
+
* How do I get xyz to start at boot ?
−
 
+
* To run simple commands at boot add them to /etc/rc.local
−
We also have some  accessibility documentation in the link
+
* To add a service you will need to write a script (needs expansion / link)
−
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Accessibility/doc/Guide
+
* How do I get xyz to start at login ?
−
 
+
* Go to System > Preferences > Sessions
−
==== General customization ====
+
* Defragmentation
−
[[UbuntuWiki:Beginners/Guide/DesktopCustomization|Desktop Customization]]
+
* [https://help.ubuntu.com/8.04/internet/C/connect.html Connecting to the Internet]
−
 
+
* X fails (at first boot)
−
=== Installing software ===
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Video|Monitor|Resolution]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:GrubHowto| Grub]]
−
==== Repositories ====
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:GrubHowto#Windows|Windows|and Ubuntu]]
−
In general it is best (and easiest) to install from the Ubuntu repositories. Ubuntu is a Debian-based distribution and as such uses Synaptic, apt-get, and aptitude (as well as dpkg). dpkg, apt-get, and aptitude are all command line tools. Synaptic is a GUI front end for apt-get. Applications (programs) are packaged into .deb files :
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:AutomaticallyMountPartitions|Mounting|Partions]]
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+
* [[UbuntuHelp:FilePermissions|File|Permissions]]
−
''' note you will need to enable all repositories by removing "#" from the front of any line that looks like a web address, save the file and reload sources'''
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:SettingUpSamba| Setting Up Samba]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:DataRecovery|Recovering|Data]]
−
Ubuntu or Gnome
+
* [https://help.ubuntu.com/8.04/hardware/C/disks.html Formatting Partitions]
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Wine|Wine]]
−
gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Kubuntu or KDE
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
kdesu kate /etc/apt/sources.list
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Xubuntu or Xfce
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
gksudo mousepad /etc/apt/sources.list
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Server users
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Example foo-xvz.deb
+
−
*foo  = application (program) name
+
−
*-xyz = version
+
−
 
+
−
dpkg will install a .deb file you may have downloaded, dpkg will install the .deb, but not handle dependencies.
+
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+
−
apt-get, aptitude, and synaptic will download and install your application and dependencies.
+
−
 
+
−
For further information : InstallingSoftware
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
==== Installing from source code ====
+
−
 
+
−
AKA Compile
+
−
 
+
−
In general you will compile an application only if it is unavailable from the repositories.
+
−
 
+
−
First install '''build-essential''' and '''checkinstall'''. build-essential is a meta package for the tools to compile source code. checkinstall will convert your newly compiled application into a .deb and then install. This has the advantage in that you may now use apt-get /  aptitude to manage the application.
+
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+
−
For further information on checkinstall : CheckInstall
+
−
 
+
−
The general steps are:
+
−
 
+
−
1. download the source code.
+
−
 
+
−
2. Extract the source code. Source code is generally distributed in a tar or archive format similar to a zip file.
+
−
 
+
−
*Note : Not all .tar are source code. Some may be install scripts and others may be pre-compiled binaries.
+
−
 
+
−
3. Read any README for further information or instructions.
+
−
 
+
−
4. ./configure --help to list all the options
+
−
 
+
−
5. ./configure
+
−
 
+
−
6. make
+
−
 
+
−
7. sudo checkinstall
+
−
 
+
−
For further information : http://cutlersoftware.com/ubuntuinstall/
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
=== Hardware ===
+
−
==== General steps to identify ====
+
−
 
+
−
First things first, your model name on your hardware may be meaningless in linux- what is important is  the chipset.  Also be aware that the same branded model may either have chipset revision or even different chipset.
+
−
===== PCI devices =====
+
−
''' If we have for instance a pci device we can query in terminal '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
lspci
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
If we wanted just graphics card
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
lspci | grep VGA
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
example '' 0000:01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation NV17 [GeForce4 MX 440 ] (rev a3) ''
+
−
 
+
−
===== USB devices =====
+
−
''' FOR USB '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
lsusb
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
example
+
−
'' Bus 004 Device 002: ID 152e:2507 LG (HLDS)''
+
−
 
+
−
Above we see that '' Bus 004 Device 002 '' (handy if we need to point a program/driver to hardware location).
+
−
ID allows us to google the maker and device '' 152e:2507 ''  and quite handy in this time we see the maker LG (basic usb info)
+
−
 
+
−
===== USB devices greater detail =====
+
−
''' More detailed info of usb devices and capabilities '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
lsusb -v
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
''' To see recent changes kernel has recognised, best done by pluging in usb and unpluging '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
dmesg | tail
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
''' Monitoring events - ie: If you're running that command when you pull out and replug in your usb item, events should show up. '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo udevmonitor
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
To learn more, see here:
+
−
* [[UbuntuHelp:DebuggingUSBStorage]]
+
−
* UsbFlashDrives
+
−
 
+
−
===== Hard drive info =====
+
−
''' Hard drive and partition information '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo fdisk -l
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
''' mount removable devices as normal user '''
+
−
 
+
−
pmount is a wrapper around the standard mount program which permits normal users to mount removable devices without a matching /etc/fstab entry. This provides a robust basis for automounting frameworks like GNOME's Utopia project and confines the amount of code that runs as root to a minimum.
+
−
 
+
−
This package also contains a wrapper "pmount-hal" which reads some information like device labels and mount options from hal and passes them to pmount. Install the package "hal" if you want to use this feature.
+
−
 
+
−
If a LUKS capable cryptsetup package is installed, pmount is able to transparently mount encrypted volumes.
+
−
 
+
−
'' example ''
+
−
 
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
pmount /dev/sda
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
''' For usb storage that dont get recognised you could try: '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki> sudo modprobe usb-storage
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo locate usb_storage
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
followed by pmount command
+
−
 
+
−
===== Query Motherboard bios =====
+
−
''' for board type /bios version etc '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo lshw | less
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo dmidecode
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
===== Other possible diagnostics =====
+
−
''' lsmod ''' — program to show the status of modules in the Linux Kernel
+
−
'' so if we wanted to  just list usb modules and ignore case ''
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo lsmod | grep -i usb
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
or all devices general info
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
lsmod
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
''' To display the SCSI devices currently attached (and recognized) by the SCSI subsystem use '''
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
cat /proc/scsi/scsi.
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
The output looks like this:
+
−
 
+
−
Attached devices:
+
−
Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 02 Lun: 00
+
−
Vendor: PIONEER  Model: DVD-ROM DVD-303  Rev: 1.10
+
−
Type:  CD-ROM              ANSI SCSI revision: 02
+
−
Host: scsi1 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00
+
−
Vendor: IBM      Model: DNES-309170W    Rev: SA30
+
−
Type:  Direct-Access      ANSI SCSI revision: 03
+
−
 
+
−
After the "Attached devices:" line there are 3 lines for each recognized device. The first of these lines is SCSI address information discussed in Section 3.1. The following 2 lines of data are obtained from a INQUIRY command that was performed on the device when it was attached. See Section 9.4 for the relationship between the ordering of these devices compared with the sg driver's ordering (which most of the time is the same).
+
−
 
+
−
Existing devices can be removed using echo "scsi remove-single-device <h> <b> <t> <l>" > /proc/scsi/scsi where the variables are host, bus (channel), target (scsi id) and lun. The success (or otherwise) of this command can be determined by sending a subsequent cat /proc/scsi/scsi command. The removal will fail if the device is busy (e.g. if a file system on the device is mounted).
+
−
 
+
−
New devices can be added using echo "scsi add-single-device <h> <b> <t> <l>" > /proc/scsi/scsi where the variables are host, bus (channel), target (scsi id) and lun. The success (or otherwise) of this command can be determined by sending a subsequent cat /proc/scsi/scsi command. [1]
+
−
 
+
−
The SCSI subsystem does not support hot-plugging of SCSI devices (there may also be electrical issues on the associated SCSI parallel bus). It is recommended that those who use add+remove-single-device make sure that other devices on that SCSI bus are inactive if re-plugging is going to take place.
+
−
 
+
−
To output a list of internal SCSI command blocks use echo "scsi dump <n>" > /proc/scsi/scsi where the numeric value of <n> doesn't matter. This is probably only of interest to people chasing down bugs within the SCSI subsystem.
+
−
 
+
−
To start (or stop) logging information being sent to the console/log use echo "scsi log <token> <n>" > /proc/scsi/scsi where <token> is one of: {all, none, error, timeout, scan, mlqueue, mlcomplete, llqueue, llcomplete, hlqueue, hlcomplete, ioctl} and <n> is a number between 0 and 7. The tokens "all" and "none" don't take an <n> argument. Prefix meanings:
+
−
 
+
−
hl    upper level drivers [exception: sg uses "timeout"]
+
−
ml    mid level
+
−
ll    lower level drivers
+
−
[adapter drivers often have there own flags]
+
−
 
+
−
The value "0" turns off logging while "7" maximizes the volume of output. Logging information will only be output if CONFIG_SCSI_LOGGING was selected in the kernel build.
+
−
 
+
−
Warning
+
−
 
+
−
Warning: "scsi log all" (and several other variants) can cause a logging infinite loop if the log file (typically /var/log/messages ) lies on a SCSI disk. Either turn off the kernel logging daemon or direct its output to a non SCSI device.
+
−
Notes
+
−
[1]
+
−
 
+
−
The parsing of "add-single-device" and "remove-single-device" is rather inflexible. Hence it is best to stay close to the demonstrated syntax with no extra spaces (and no tabs).
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
''' Something else to check/try:Add irqpoll to grub '''
+
−
 
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
gksudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
# defoptions=quiet splash noapic irqpoll
+
−
'sudo update-grub'
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
==== wifi ====
+
−
 
+
−
Although often wifi will work out of the box, sometimes a particular wifi card will work in either Ubuntu 6.06 LTS or 6.10 but not both. Therefore if you are having problems with your wifi you may want to try a different version of Ubuntu.
+
−
 
+
−
See WirelessNetworking for instructions on how to configure your wireless connection.
+
−
 
+
−
If you are still having problems with your wifi you can try to manually configure the interface. In some cases there may be more than one method to get your wifi card to work. Make sure to keep track of which set of instructions you have followed in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
+
−
 
+
−
The first step is to identify which wifi card you have so that you can pick the relevant set of instructions, to do this type the following in the terminal:
+
−
 
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
lspci
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
The output you are looking for will look similar to this:
+
−
 
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
00:09.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4306 802.11b/g Wireless LAN Controller (rev 03)
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
Once you have identified your wifi card you can proceed to the WifiDocs page and pick the relevant instructions (don't let the long list scare you, you only need the relevant entries).
+
−
 
+
−
Please note that Ubuntu 6.06 and 6.10 do not natively support wifi access to wpa encrypted networks. You will be required to install additional packages to access such networks. For further information please read [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WPAHowTo WifiDocs/WPAHowTo]
+
−
 
+
−
For further information :
+
−
 
+
−
WirelessTroubleShootingGuide
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
==== winmodem ====
+
−
 
+
−
==== Printers ====
+
−
 
+
 
=== Multimedia ===
 
=== Multimedia ===
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Multimedia|Multimedia]]
−
==== Legal issues ====
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:MultimediaApplications|MultimediaApplications]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:RestrictedFormats|RestrictedFormats]]
−
==== Further Information ====
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Medibuntu|Medibuntu]]
−
 
+
=== Gnome vs KDE ===
−
RestrictedFormats
+
* Which one do I use ?
−
 
+
* Use whichever you like. You can switch desktop environments easily in Ubuntu.
−
MultimediaApplications
+
* If I use Ubuntu, can I use KDE/Xfce programs?
−
 
+
* Yes you may need to install additional libraries and dependencies, but you can use a KDE/Xce in ubuntu. The package manager will install these dependencies and libraries automatically.
−
=== System admin ===
+
* How can I try an alternate ?
−
 
+
* Install Gnome by installing the "ubuntu-desktop" package
−
==== Mount ====
+
* Install Kde by installing the "kubuntu-desktop" package
−
 
+
* Install Xfce by installing the "xubuntu-desktop" package
−
In order to access you hard drive (partition) it must first be mounted.
+
* Install other window managers or desktop environments by installing the appropriate meta package or packages as recommended by the developer.
−
 
+
=== Security ===
−
Ubuntu must place the contents of the partition within the file system tree AKA mounting
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Antivirus|Antivirus]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Uncomplicated_Firewall_ufw|Firewall]]
−
Mounting and permissions depends on the file system:
+
=== Install additional software ===
−
 
+
''Any and all info that you might need on Installing Additional software unto Ubuntu can be found on this page.
−
===== Windows =====
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:InstallingSoftware|Installing|Software in Ubuntu]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:CheckInstall|Checking|Software Installation]]
−
[http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/mountwindows Psychocats Mount windows]
+
=== Server ===
−
 
+
''Any and all questions you may have can be found here at the following page.''
−
For read-write:
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:ServerFaq||Server FAQ]]
−
 
+
=== Command line skills ===
−
* vfat (FAT) use umask=000
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:UsingTheTerminal|How|to use the Terminal]]
−
 
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Beginners/BashScripting|Intro|to Bash Scripting]]
−
* ntfs use [http://doc.gwos.org/index.php/NTFS-3g ntfs-3g] and a
+
=== Virtualization ===
−
****** fstab entry something like this:
+
* VMWare
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:VirtualBox|VirtualBox]]
−
/dev/hda1  /media/windows  ntfs-3g  defaults  0  0
+
* [http://lifehacker.com/367714/run-windows-apps-seamlessly-inside-linux For Hardy - Run Windows Apps Seamlessly Inside Linux]
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
----
−
 
+
[[category:CategoryFaq]]
−
*  An alternate is ntfs-config. ntfs-config uses ntfs-3g to mount windows partitions via a gui
+
−
 
+
−
[http://doc.gwos.org/index.php/Ntfs-config ntfs-config]
+
−
 
+
−
===== Linux =====
+
−
 
+
−
[http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/mountlinux Psychocats Mount Linux]
+
−
 
+
−
To set permissions, mount the partition, then chmod
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo chmod 755 /mount/point
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
To mount at boot you will need to edit /etc/fstab (as outlined in the links above).
+
−
For an overview of fstab see: [http://doc.gwos.org/index.php/Understanding_fstab Understanding fstab]
+
−
 
+
−
For access to ext2/3 from windows see: [http://www.fs-driver.org/url]
+
−
 
+
−
=== Server Install ===
+
−
 
+
−
Server installs typically have no gui and servers may administrated remotely via ssh or webmin.
+
−
 
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If you are new to server installs you can add a light window manager such a Fluxbox, IceWM, Openbox, or the Ubuntu desktop.
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[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]

2010年5月19日 (三) 21:41的最新版本

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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Beginners/FAQ

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  1. title Beginners FAQ

The intention of the page is to gather well-written answers to frequent questions from the Absolute Beginners Forum in an orderly fashion. Suggestions are welcomed at Feature Requests The Ubuntu Documentation Team has also looked into creating a FAQ section, you can see their initial list of Common Questions on this pdf document. Also see CommonQuestions.

Forums FAQ

Installing Ubuntu

  • Where to get Ubuntu ?.
  • download mirrors.
  • Minimal|installation.
  • Minimal|installation ISO.
  • Which version of Ubuntu should I use ?
  • Versions of Ubuntu are released every 6 months named by year.month and a "code name".
  • Releases
  • What does LTS mean?
  • Length|of Support
  • First you should know your architecture or (type of CPU).
  • Architectures.
  • Next select a window manager.
  • Ubuntu = Gnome.
  • Kubuntu = KDE.
  • Xubuntu = XFCE.
  • You may add additional window managers after installation.
  • Will Ubuntu run on my computer ?
  • Hardware|compatibility list.
  • System|requirements.
  • Should I use 64 bit ?
  • What is the difference between the Desktop / Server / and alternate CD's ?
  • The "Desktop" CD is a "live CD" and boots Ubuntu without changing your hard drive. Use the desktop CD to test your hardware. To install Ubuntu click on the "install" icon on the desktop.
  • The "Alternate" CD is a install CD (no "live" desktop) and is used if the Desktop fails. In addition the Alternate CD allows "advanced" features such as a minimal install, LVM, RAID, and encryption.
  • The "Server" CD is also a installation CD and will set up LAMP. The server installation comes with no GUI (Graphical Interface).
  • *Most* dedicated Linux servers are managed either by editing configuration files (which are in plain text) or via Web based graphical interfaces (thus a GUI is not needed).
  • You may install server software (apache, ssh, ftp, etc) on a Desktop or add a graphical interface to a server after installation.
  • The "Minimal" CD is a minimal command line installation. It installs the base operating system and package manager with no GUI. This CD is not recommended for users with slow internet connections.
  • How|To Burn an ISO
  • How|to boot the live CD
  • Simply place the Ubuntu CD into your DVD/CDROM and reboot.
  • You may need to set your BIOS to boot from DVD/CDROM (this varies by BIOS, hit Ecs, F2, F8, etc during the initial boot process).

Trouble|booting from CD ?.

Configuration

Multimedia

Gnome vs KDE

  • Which one do I use ?
  • Use whichever you like. You can switch desktop environments easily in Ubuntu.
  • If I use Ubuntu, can I use KDE/Xfce programs?
  • Yes you may need to install additional libraries and dependencies, but you can use a KDE/Xce in ubuntu. The package manager will install these dependencies and libraries automatically.
  • How can I try an alternate ?
  • Install Gnome by installing the "ubuntu-desktop" package
  • Install Kde by installing the "kubuntu-desktop" package
  • Install Xfce by installing the "xubuntu-desktop" package
  • Install other window managers or desktop environments by installing the appropriate meta package or packages as recommended by the developer.

Security

Install additional software

Any and all info that you might need on Installing Additional software unto Ubuntu can be found on this page.

Server

Any and all questions you may have can be found here at the following page.

Command line skills

Virtualization

取自“https://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?title=UbuntuHelp:Beginners/FAQ&oldid=138562”