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{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors}}
 
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:NvidiaMultiMonitors}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:NvidiaMultiMonitors}}
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There are two main technologies for enabling multiple monitors. '''[[UbuntuHelp:XineramaHowTo|Xinerama]]''' works with most graphics cards, but is possibly slower, and more difficult to set up. '''Twinview''' uses the nVidia binary drivers, and should be easier to set up.
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== Intro ==
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== Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) ==
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This guide is written for [[UbuntuHelp:HardyHeron| Hardy Heron]].  The author is using a nVidia Ge``Force 8600 GT with restricted drivers on a dual head setup.  It will most likely work on other supported versions of Ubuntu with only minor adjustments, usually only in names and titles.
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=== Twinview ===
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You can check your video card model by running, from [[UbuntuHelp:UsingTheTerminal| terminal]]:
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First, you must be using the nVidia binary drivers. The easiest way to enable this is from '''System -> Administration -> Restricted Driver Manager'''.
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Run
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<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
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sudo nvidia-settings &
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lspci | grep VGA
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
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in a terminal. This allows you to arrange your monitors using a simple GUI supplied by nVidia.
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More information can be provided by running
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== Older Ubuntu versions ==
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<pre><nowiki>
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(try searching for ''twinview ubuntu'')
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sudo lshw -C video
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=important.png%7D%7D This guide does not cover Xinerama, please see [[UbuntuHelp:XineramaHowTo]].
 +
== Installing Restricted Drivers ==
 +
Restricted drivers are generally needed to take advantage of multi-head setups.  There are a few options for installing the restricted "nvidia" drivers:
 +
* see [[UbuntuHelp:BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia]] for using the built in method, '''Hardware Drivers''' or '''Restricted Drivers Manager'''
 +
* see [[UbuntuHelp:NvidiaManual]] for installing the drivers manually or using '''Envy'''/'''EnvyNG'''
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconNote.png%7D%7D Using Envy/EnvyNG or Manually installing the drivers may require you to reinstall them after kernel upgrades.
 +
== Setting up Multi Head ==
 +
=== Setup ===
 +
After the system reboot, you can change your X settings by going to '''System->Administration->NVIDIA X Server Settings'''. If you installed the driver manually, it may be under '''Applications->System Tools->NVIDIA X Server Settings'''.  Alternatively, run from terminal:
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
sudo nvidia-settings
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
You then should see something like this:
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=nvidia-settings.png%7D%7D
 +
From the left pane, choose '''X Server Display Configuration'''. Now click the second screen in the dialog window and click '''Configure'''.  Then enable ''Twin``View'', like so:
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=configure.png%7D%7D
 +
Alternatively, you can choose ''Separate X screen'' which will require you to reboot the computer later.
 +
Choose your screen resolution, or leave at Auto.  Position is usually best left as directional, but Absolute is OK if you want to set it manually.  You can also swap primary displays from here.
 +
==== Differences ====
 +
Twin``View
 +
* one large screen shared between two monitors
 +
* in Compiz-Fusion,  it makes the "cube" appear as one large octagon
 +
Separate X screen
 +
* separate X screens, one on each monitor
 +
* allows your window manager (Metacity, XFWM, Compiz, etc.) to be aware that there are two screens
 +
* in Compiz-Fusion, each monitor has its own cube, controlled separately
 +
=== Saving ===
 +
Now we will save the new settings by clicking '''Save to X Configuration File'''.
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=save-x-config.png%7D%7D
 +
I prefer to ''uncheck'' '''Merge with existing file.'''  Now click '''Save'''.  If it gives you an error, "Unable to remove old X config backup file '/etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup' then click OK and open the save dialog again.  Click '''Show preview...''', select all and copy.  Now open a terminal and run
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
Delete the current contents of this file and paste what is in the preview.  Save and close.
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=save-x-config-nomerge.png%7D%7D
 +
Now you can quit the Settings window.  If needed, restart X with CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE or reboot the computer.
 +
== Troubleshooting ==
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconFAQ.png%7D%7D During the course of this tutorial, if X breaks and you no longer have a GUI, you should uninstall the restricted driver, reset xorg.conf and then reboot.
 +
=== Removing Restricted Drivers ===
 +
If you installed from Hardware Drivers (aka Restricted Drivers Manager), either uncheck the box there, or run:
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-glx-new
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
You may need to subsitute in <code><nowiki> nvidia-glx-legacy </nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki> nvidia-glx </nowiki></code> depending on your card.
 +
If you used EnvyNG to install the restricted drivers and cannot access the GUI to uninstall them graphically, run from a tty or recovery mode kernel:
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
envyng --uninstall-all
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
If you installed restricted drivers using a .run file from Nvidia's website, <code><nowiki> cd </nowiki></code> to the appropriate directory and run
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
sudo sh <name_of_the_nvidia_installer> --uninstall
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
again, substitute from the above examples.
 +
=== Resetting xorg.conf ===
 +
From a tty or the recovery mode kernel, you can run
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg -phigh
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
=== Reboot ===
 +
You should now reboot the computer.  If you are at a terminal or tty, run:
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
sudo reboot
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
== Other Resources ==
 +
{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconBook-small.png%7D%7D Here are some other useful and related pages.
 +
* [[UbuntuHelp:NvidiaManual]]
 +
* [[UbuntuHelp:BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia]]
 +
* [http://albertomilone.com/nvidia_scripts1.html  EnvyNG and Envy Legacy]
 +
* [[UbuntuHelp:XineramaHowTo]]
 
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[[category:CategoryNeedsExpansion]]
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[[category:CategoryDocumentation]] [[category:CategoryHardware]] [[category:CategoryXwindowSystem]]
  
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]

2008年10月19日 (日) 16:40的版本

Geographylogo.png 文章出处: 

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors

Geographylogo.png 点击翻译: 

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

Intro

This guide is written for Hardy Heron. The author is using a nVidia Ge``Force 8600 GT with restricted drivers on a dual head setup. It will most likely work on other supported versions of Ubuntu with only minor adjustments, usually only in names and titles. You can check your video card model by running, from terminal: 

lspci | grep VGA

More information can be provided by running 

sudo lshw -C video

{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=important.png%7D%7D This guide does not cover Xinerama, please see UbuntuHelp:XineramaHowTo.

Installing Restricted Drivers

Restricted drivers are generally needed to take advantage of multi-head setups. There are a few options for installing the restricted "nvidia" drivers:

{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconNote.png%7D%7D Using Envy/EnvyNG or Manually installing the drivers may require you to reinstall them after kernel upgrades.

Setting up Multi Head

Setup

After the system reboot, you can change your X settings by going to System->Administration->NVIDIA X Server Settings. If you installed the driver manually, it may be under Applications->System Tools->NVIDIA X Server Settings. Alternatively, run from terminal: 

sudo nvidia-settings

You then should see something like this: {{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=nvidia-settings.png%7D%7D From the left pane, choose X Server Display Configuration. Now click the second screen in the dialog window and click Configure. Then enable Twin``View, like so: {{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=configure.png%7D%7D Alternatively, you can choose Separate X screen which will require you to reboot the computer later. Choose your screen resolution, or leave at Auto. Position is usually best left as directional, but Absolute is OK if you want to set it manually. You can also swap primary displays from here.

Differences

Twin``View

  • one large screen shared between two monitors
  • in Compiz-Fusion, it makes the "cube" appear as one large octagon

Separate X screen

  • separate X screens, one on each monitor
  • allows your window manager (Metacity, XFWM, Compiz, etc.) to be aware that there are two screens
  • in Compiz-Fusion, each monitor has its own cube, controlled separately

Saving

Now we will save the new settings by clicking Save to X Configuration File. {{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=save-x-config.png%7D%7D I prefer to uncheck Merge with existing file. Now click Save. If it gives you an error, "Unable to remove old X config backup file '/etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup' then click OK and open the save dialog again. Click Show preview..., select all and copy. Now open a terminal and run 

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Delete the current contents of this file and paste what is in the preview. Save and close. {{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaMultiMonitors?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=save-x-config-nomerge.png%7D%7D Now you can quit the Settings window. If needed, restart X with CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE or reboot the computer.

Troubleshooting

{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconFAQ.png%7D%7D During the course of this tutorial, if X breaks and you no longer have a GUI, you should uninstall the restricted driver, reset xorg.conf and then reboot.

Removing Restricted Drivers

If you installed from Hardware Drivers (aka Restricted Drivers Manager), either uncheck the box there, or run: 

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-glx-new

You may need to subsitute in nvidia-glx-legacy or nvidia-glx depending on your card. If you used EnvyNG to install the restricted drivers and cannot access the GUI to uninstall them graphically, run from a tty or recovery mode kernel: 

envyng --uninstall-all

If you installed restricted drivers using a .run file from Nvidia's website, cd to the appropriate directory and run 

sudo sh <name_of_the_nvidia_installer> --uninstall

again, substitute from the above examples.

Resetting xorg.conf

From a tty or the recovery mode kernel, you can run 

sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg -phigh

Reboot

You should now reboot the computer. If you are at a terminal or tty, run: 

sudo reboot

Other Resources

{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconBook-small.png%7D%7D Here are some other useful and related pages.

取自“https://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?title=UbuntuHelp:NvidiaMultiMonitors&oldid=93075”