“UbuntuHelp:NvidiaManual”的版本间的差异

2007年12月5日 (三) 12:21的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NvidiaManual

点击翻译:

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

This is not the recommended way to install the NVIDIA drivers - please see BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia for the supported method. Any problems that occur after using the following instructions should not be reported to the launchpad bug area. If the drivers were downloaded from the NVIDIA web site then the NVIDIA Linux web forum is an appropriate place to report issues. Other places for binary driver manual installation support can be found on the Community Support page. Sometimes using the available nvidia-glx packages provided by Ubuntu is not desirable for NVIDIA card users. If your card is too new it might not be supported by the Ubuntu provided binary packages. Perhaps bugs are present in provided packages that are fixed in later drivers not yet distributed by Ubuntu. Maybe newer drivers provide a new feature not yet available in the Ubuntu packages. The purpose of this page is to detail the necessary work to install the official NVIDIA Linux driver pkg from www.nvidia.com. Note that this will not fix resolution problems, for that you need to see the FixVideoResolutionHowto.

Free alternative

There is Nouveau: an open source 3D acceleration for nVidia cards. Currently (2007), there is 2D-support, and a very limited 3D support for extremely lucky developers. See http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/. The users that have installed the proprietary driver can help the development of Nouveau, by sending information about their cards, see http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/REnouveauDumps.

Obtaining Needed Software

Before you begin, it is strongly advised that your already have Xorg working acceptably with the 'nv' drivers included. First, make sure that your /etc/X11/xorg.conf is backed up.

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup

Next, download the right drivers for your platform from the NVIDIA Unix Driver portal and save them to your home directory. Open a terminal, and run the following command:

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r`

sudo apt-get install linux-source-`uname -r`
cd /usr/src
sudo tar xvjf linux-source-`uname -r`
sudo ln -s linux-source-`uname -r` /usr/src/linux

The above command might print an error:

E: Couldn't find package linux-source-2.6.20-16-386

In such case you could try following

sudo apt-get install linux-source

The following command will then probably need adjustment also.

Disable Conflicting Software

Using Synaptic or Apt, uninstall nvidia-glx, nvidia-glx-legacy, nvidia-glx-new and nvidia-settings if they are installed. Open the the /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules-common file with an editor, in Ubuntu use

gksudo gedit /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules-common

and in Kubuntu use

kdesu kate /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules-common

and find the line:

DISABLED_MODULES=""

replace it with:

DISABLED_MODULES="nv nvidia_new"

Note: In Ubuntu 7.04 the nvidia_new is explicitly required in addition to nv on the DISABLED_MODULES line. See this launchpad bug about lrm-manager failing to disable the nvidia_new module when nv is specified alone. Additionally you may need to manually remove the hidden /lib/linux-restricted-modules/.nvidia_new_installed file.

Prepare Configuration Files

The next step is to edit your xorg.conf file. Open it with an editor, In Ubuntu:

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Or in Kubuntu:

kdesu kate /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Find the section Module and comment out DRI using the # symbol, such as in the following example.

Section "Module"
Load    "bitmap"
Load    "dbe"
Load    "ddc"
#       Load    "dri"   <------ this is 'commented'
Load    "extmod"
Load    "freetype"
Load    "glx"
Load    "int10"
Load    "record"
Load    "type1"
Load    "vbe"
EndSection

Now find the section Device, and change the Driver from nv (or vesa, fb, etc) to nvidia, as in the following example, and then save it.

Section "Device"
Identifier      "Card0"
Driver          "nvidia" #This is where you change it
EndSection

Now that your Xorg.conf is saved, we need to shutdown the X11 server so that we can install the new drivers. To do this, save your work and press ctrl-alt-f1, and log in. Then run the following command to shutdown X11. Make sure your work is saved, Gnome/KDE is going to shutdown too. For Ubuntu:

sudo /etc/init.d/gdm stop

For Kubuntu:

sudo /etc/init.d/kdm stop

Install the Driver

Useful tip, typing the first few letters and hitting the tab key will auto-complete the name, saving you from using wildcards like * For Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake) or later users: you can start the install script with the following command:

sudo sh NVIDIA*

For Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger) users: you will need to use the following commands instead of the one above:

sudo apt-get install gcc-3.4
CC=gcc-3.4 sudo sh NVIDIA*

The installer will now walk you through the steps required. Assuming success, you can now restart your X11 server using: For Ubuntu:

sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start

For Kubuntu

sudo /etc/init.d/kdm start

Kernel and Mesa Updates

Every time a new kernel comes out you will have to manually rebuild the NVIDIA binary driver kernel module. This can be done by booting to the new kernel and then running:

sudo sh NVIDIA* -K

on the previously downloaded NVIDIA pkg. Additionally, any time that the mesa packages are updated you will have to reinstall the NVIDIA pkg again.

It didn't work! (Troubleshooting)

When trying to start X, if you get an error about nvidiactl (you will need to see the X log), try the following:

• sudo update-rc.d -f nvidia-kernel remove

If you want to go back to the Restricted Manager method after performing the above instructions, do this

• sudo update-rc.d nvidia-kernel defaults

If the installer fails, go through the following checklist

• Was Xorg already properly configured for the nv driver?
• Did you disable the loading of Ubuntu provided NVIDIA drivers using DISABLED_MODULES="nv nvidia_new" in /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules-common ? This is a common cause of driver mismatch errors on manual installations due to conflicts with the Ubuntu provided NVIDIA binary driver.
• You may need to remove the file /lib/linux-restricted-modules/.nvidia_new_installed
• Did you remove the nvidia-glx/nvidia-glx-legacy/nvidia-glx-new and nvidia-settings packages?
• Did you read the log found in /var/log/nvidia-installer-log for errors that can guide you?
• Did you check the output of dmesg ?
• Did you install the kernel headers (and possibly source package)?
• Did you check the NVIDIA readme found on their site to make sure your card is supported with that version of driver?
• Did you check the NVIDIA Linux Forums for any current 'known issues' with the latest drivers?
• Did you ask in #ubuntu on irc.freenode.net or any of the other places mentioned on http://www.ubuntu.com/support/communitysupport ?

See Also

BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia Envy - Automated script to build and install the latest official NVIDIA binary driver. http://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers NVIDIA web forum Ubuntu installation notes - NVIDIA's guide to installing their binary driver .pkg on Ubuntu.