UbuntuHelp:XORGHardy

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The purpose of this guide is to help people who are unaware or not sure how to handle Xorg's dynamic regonition of the users video / input hardware. Within the Xorg 7.1 releases there was a concious effort to try to deal with users Xorg setup requirements better. Dynamic hardware configuration was introduced and has been getting better and better. The current Ubuntu (8.04 Hardy Heron) release utilises this technology to a greater extent than ever before. Instead of having a long /etc/X11/xorg.conf file with lots of complex and hard to grasp information, the 8.04 release /etc/X11/xorg.conf file looks something more like this.

Example

# xorg.conf (X.Org X Window System server configuration file)
#
# This file was generated by dexconf, the Debian X Configuration tool, using
# values from the debconf database.
#
# Edit this file with caution, and see the xorg.conf manual page.
# (Type "man xorg.conf" at the shell prompt.)
#
# This file is automatically updated on xserver-xorg package upgrades *only*
# if it has not been modified since the last upgrade of the xserver-xorg
# package.
#
# If you have edited this file but would like it to be automatically updated
# again, run the following command:
#   sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg

Section "InputDevice"
        Identifier      "Generic Keyboard"
        Driver          "kbd"
        Option          "XkbRules"      "xorg"
        Option          "XkbModel"      "pc105"
        Option          "XkbLayout"     "gb"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
        Identifier      "Configured Mouse"
        Driver          "mouse"
        Option          "CorePointer"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
        Identifier      "Synaptics Touchpad"
        Driver          "synaptics"
        Option          "SendCoreEvents"        "true"
        Option          "Device"                "/dev/psaux"
        Option          "Protocol"              "auto-dev"
        Option          "HorizEdgeScroll"       "0"
EndSection

Section "Device"
        Identifier      "Configured Video Device"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
        Identifier      "Configured Monitor"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
        Identifier      "Default Screen"
        Monitor         "Configured Monitor"
        Device          "Configured Video Device"
EndSection

Section "ServerLayout"
        Identifier      "Default Layout"
        Screen          "Default Screen"
        InputDevice     "Synaptics Touchpad"
EndSection

As you can see from this example the information held in /etc/X11/xorg.conf file has been massivly cut down, this is because on Xserver startup, Xorg detects your hardware and makes it's best possible configuration available to you. This configuration is dynamic so it is held in the Xservers memory, that way if you shutdown, change your hardware, on the next start up Xorg will re-detect your hardware and recreate your config in memory. There are still senarios, where manual editing of the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file would be required or a better option than allowing Xorg to detect and configure these for you. Possible reasons could be

• Xorg incorrectly identified and selected your video card or monitor

  You wish to use advanced features such as xinerama, TV out

  You wish to use Advanded driver customisation such as Nvidia's Twinview, or "logo" options.

  You are having issues and want to trouble shoot, or you are tying to improve your configuration in more granular detail.

A point worth noting is just because the options you are looking for are no longer visable in the /etc/X11/xorg.conf configuration file, doesn't not mean they are 1; Not in use 2; Not available any more for use

Reconfiguration & Troubleshooting

The following section of this page is to help assist with common reconfiguration issues requested on a regular basis from Ubuntu support resources.

Video Card Drivers

Previous versions of Xorg contained within Ubuntu releases contained the driver information you where using in the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file.

Example Legacy Xorg Driver Section

Section "Device"
  Identifier  "Card0"
  BoardName   "intel-mobile-video"
  VendorName  "Generic Computer Shop"	
  Driver      "i810"
EndSection

This short example, only actually provides a small hunk of relevant information for reconfiguring your Hardy Xorg configuration file. 1* Boardname: This information is not needed in the 8.04 Hardy /etc/X11/xorg.conf file, but it is useful to either identify multiple video cards in one system, or to serve as a reminder for the driver we should be using. 2* Driver: This line is the key. This line tells Xorg what driver module to load and use for your card. By default this line is blank in your 8.04 Hardy /etc/X11/xorg.conf file, as xorg will try to select the best driver for you. You can manually override this by forcing the Xorg to use the driver you want it to. In this example, I'm going to change the legacy Intel driver i810 tot he more experimental driver called Intel. My Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy /etc/X11/xorg.conf file would look like this.

Example Ubuntu 8.04 Xorg Driver Section

Section "Device"
  Identifier  "Card0"
  BoardName   "intel-mobile-video"
  Driver      "Intel"
EndSection

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