“UbuntuHelp:WindowsDualBoot”的版本间的差异

2008年4月23日 (三) 12:06的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

点击翻译:

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

1. title Dual Boot Ubuntu and Windows

If Windows isn't already installed, install it first. If you leave space for Ubuntu at this step you don't have to resize your NTFS partition later saving a bit of time.

Back up your existing PC

While the Ubuntu installer is very safe and can reliably partition your hard disk to allow you to dual boot, it may be a good idea to be ensure that you are able to restore your Windows installation before you try to install Ubuntu.

Backing up your data

Although this may seem obvious, do backup your important data files to another media before attempting a dual-boot install. Many backup solutions exist for Windows users, but the easiest one may be to just create as many CDs or DVDs with copies of your data as required. Another way is by plugging in a USB key or external storage with enough space.

Backing up your operating system - using recovery tools

Have your recovery CD or DVD handy - Most systems which are delivered with Windows already installed also come with some sort of recovery or re-installation disk. There is a recent tendency for companies to try to save money and not ship such a disk. Instead, they provide you a hidden partition on which there is a recovery tool and an image of the pre-installed system. If you are buying a new computer and intend on dual-booting, perhaps it would be a good idea to inquire if you can get a Windows install or recovery media (CD or DVD), if one is not provided by default. The only solution is to telephone your vendor and ask for a proper CD or DVD, which you are normally entitled to. There is no mention in the Windows End User License Agreement (EULA) of the partitioning of the hard drive(s) being against it. Just because the tool they provide for system restore is not adequate does not mean you are prohibited from using another tool. According to the Windows EULA, you are entitled to a backup copy of your OS. While your vendor is not really obliged to provide you with one, having such image tools pre-installed on your computer in no way prohibits you from obtaining a proper backup of your installation cd. You can remove the restore-image tools from your computer at any time, although Ubuntu can happily be installed alongside them and keep them intact. The problem with that is if your partition table becomes corrupt, or if you have hardware problem with your disk, recovery from an internal partition is not an option. Example request for Windows OS CD / DVD recovery media You: "I am about to install Ubuntu Linux and that will change my partition table. I was not given an OS install disk with my system, but a system restore program which is on a hidden partition. If, for some reason, the PC restore tool is no longer able to find the image partition, I would not be able to restore my system. The system restore tools that came with my system are not adequate for my needs. I need an operating system disk. Would you send me one?" PC manufacturer rep: "Sure, we'll send one out to you. It should take two or three days for you to receive it."

Getting recovery media - contact information

• Dell Operating System (OS) Recovery CD Creation and Manual Operating System Reinstall
• Other related links and information for Dell owners
• How can I get a Product Recovery CD or DVD ? - for Lenovo owners
• Someone's experience getting recovery CDs from IBM for a Thinkpad
• Obtaining a Windows Recovery CD or DVD set - for HP and Compaq Desktop PCs owners

Beginning Ubuntu Installation

1. Boot into Windows or using an Ubuntu Live CD and head-009b592d724f498a1433d410f28bdc042a486f05 backup any valuable documents/photos etc. onto removable media such as CD-R/DVD-R.
2. Run the Windows defragmentation tool on C: (My Computer, Right click on drive, Properties, Tools, Defragment Now)
3. Download and burn, or order a CD

• Download Ubuntu iso from List of Download Mirrors and create the Ubuntu CD : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BurningIsoHowto
• Or Order Ubuntu CDs (currently free!, please use judiciously)

1. Once you have the CD, insert it into your CD-ROM drive and reboot your PC.

• If the computer does not boot from the CD (eg. Windows starts again instead), check your BIOS settings and fix as appropriate.

1. If successfully booted from CD, the Ubuntu logo will be displayed on the screen. Press Enter to continue.
2. Follow the prompts until you are asked this question: "How do you want to partition the disk ?".

Resizing partitions with Windows Vista

Windows Vista can shrink its own partition without the need to use third-party software. See this link. If you are running Windows Vista, shrink down your partition through that method, and then boot Ubuntu. The Ubuntu installer will use the free space you created.

Resizing Partitions Using the Ubuntu Installer

Automatic partitioning

1. Choose the First Option (It should be something like: "Resize IDE1 master, partition #1 (hda1) and use freed space").
2. Specify the size of the new partition as a percentage of your entire hard disk.
3. Click on "Forward".
4. continue to Finishing Ubuntu Installation

Manual partitioning

1. Choose "Manually edit partition table"

• Listed will be your current partitions

1. Select the partition you want to resize and press Enter.
2. Select "Size:", press Enter.
3. Select Yes, press Enter.
4. Type in a new size in Gigabytes for your partition, it's recommended you free up AT LEAST 10 GB of free space for your Ubuntu install. Press Enter when happy with your changes. It may take some time to apply the changes.
5. Create a swap partition of at least your amount of RAM (if you don't know, 2000 MB is a good value).
6. Create a partition for your Ubuntu installation, at least 10 GB.
7. Select "Finish partitioning and write changes to disk".

Finishing Ubuntu Installation

1. Finish installing your Ubuntu system.
2. On reboot, remove your Ubuntu cdrom from the cdrom drive, you should be presented with a list of operating systems to boot. Ubuntu should have automatically detected your Windows installation and added an option to boot it on this screen.

Master boot record and boot manager

Windows Vista may stop your GRUB - Boot manager from reaching (booting ) your Ubuntu installation, when for any reason you try to repair Boot on MBR (Master Boot Record) on your Bootable HDD (Hard Disk Drive). To avoid such a mess many of you may opt to gracefully let Vista have the MBR, and its boot manager should then point to boot partition of your Ubuntu. Windows Vista no more boots through boot.ini and ntdetect.com and ntldr. Instead a Boot folder stores all data for its new Boot Manager to load, Windows Vista OS ships with an command line utility called bcdedit.exe, used with administrator credentials of course. You may want to read here about it. Using a command line utility always has its learning curve, so a more productive and better job can be done with a free utility called EasyBCD, developed and mastered in during the times of Vista Beta already.

Issues with Windows XP and NTFS

Although the Ubuntu installer does now include support for resizing NTFS partitions, it is not 100% effective. If you try the above procedure and have no luck, try the following alternative methods:

Using QtParted from the System Rescue CD

1. Boot into Windows and backup any valuable documents/photos etc onto removable media such as CD-R/DVD-R.
2. Run the Windows disk check tool (Error-checking) on C: a couple of times (the results can be seen in the Administrative Tools > Event Viewer > Application under a "Winlogon" entry).
3. Run the Windows defragmentation tool on C:
4. Download the System Rescue CD ISO image (100 MB; has several very useful software tools).
5. Burn the ISO image to a CD.
6. Boot from the CD and hit Enter when you see the message "Boot:".
7. When you get a command prompt, enter:

run_qtparted 

1. Select your disk on the graphical screen (most likely /dev/hda).
2. Select your NTFS partition to be resized (most likely /dev/hda1).
3. Right click with the mouse and choose Resize.
4. Set the new partition size.
5. Commit your changes in the File -> Commit menu. If your keyboard and mouse stop responding during resizing then please just be patient.
6. Once your changes are saved, remove the System Rescue CD and insert your Ubuntu installation CD.
7. Reboot and install Ubuntu into the free space.

Using GParted from UNetbootin-PartedMagic

Another approach to resizing partitions, which does not require a CD, is to load PartedMagic from Windows via the UNetbootin PartedMagic Loader:

1. Download and install the Windows (.exe) file, then reboot.
2. Select the UNetbootin-partedmagic entry after rebooting, and wait as PartedMagic boots up.
3. Start the partition manager by clicking the GParted icon on the the panel.
4. Select your disk (probably /dev/sda) via the drop-down menu on the top-right corner of the interface.
5. Right-click the NTFS partition to be resized (probably /dev/sda1), and select the "resize" option.
6. Drag the slider to specify the new size the NTFS partition should be resized to, then press OK.
7. Press the "Apply" button to resize the disk, then reboot once done.
8. Upon the next Windows boot, click OK when prompted to remove UNetbootin-partedmagic to remove its boot menu entry.

External howtos

These are external links so that they're not 'officially' part of the "official" Ubuntu documentation; follow at your own risk.

• Install Dual boot For Ubuntu 'Feisty Fawn 7.04 with Alternate CD.
• Dual-Booting Ubuntu and Vista with EasyBCD
• Step-By-Step Screenshot Tutorial to set-up an Ubuntu + Vista dual-boot
• How-To: Dual-Boot Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper) Linux Desktop Along Side Windows XP.
• HowtoForge Guide: Partition Resizing using UNetbootin-PartedMagic