“UbuntuHelp:WifiDocs/EduPaSS”的版本间的差异

2007年11月21日 (三) 17:27的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/EduPaSS

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Joining the eduPaSS WiFi Network

This document is intended to help setting up an eduPaSS wireless connection with Ubuntu Linux or any GNOME-based system (KDE should work with the WPA Supplicant file detailed here).

eduPaSS is a large Wi-Fi network, used throughout Victorian government schools in Australia.

These instructions were collated from mailing lists and manpages by Laurie Savage. Thanks to Donna Benjamin and Ian Green.

As of October 22, there seems to be a bug in Network Manager under Gutsy which prevents this working (see The NM mailing list archive for info. You can get around this by using the wpa_supplicant method at the bottom.

Creating and converting the certificates

1. Create a Mac certificate on edupass. My certificate archive was called "savubuntu.zip" - this name is important, it will be the machine name used later. The zip file contains "root.pem" and "usercert.p12" (in my case "savubuntu.p12")and I unzipped the file into /home/user/Documents/eduPaSS.

2. Convert usercert.p12 to usercert.pem and userkey.pem using openssl in a terminal:

openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -in usercert.p12 -out userkey.pem
openssl pkcs12 -clcerts -nokeys -in usercert.p12 -out usercert.pem

Remember to substitute your certificate's name for usercert

Installing Network Manager (Edgy or earlier)

(this is automatically installed in Feisty and later version)

1. Install the wpasupplicant and network-manager-gnome packages using Synaptic or apt-get:

sudo apt-get install wpasupplicant network-manager-gnome

2. Comment out all references in /etc/network/interfaces to wireless interfaces. If you don't do this you will not see any wireless networks in NetworkManager's menu.

3. Restart and run nm-applet (the GNOME front end to NetworkManager).

killall nm-applet
nm-applet &

The nm-applet icon appears on the panel in the notification area.

Setting up Network Manager

1. Click on the applet and choose Connect to Other Wireless Network

SSID = eduPaSS-XXXX-01 (Replace XXXX with the school number)
Wireless Security = WPA Enterprise
EAP Method = TLS
Key Type = Dynamic WEP (Auto will work too)
ID = [machine name on certificate] (savubuntu in my case)
Client cert = usercert.pem
CA cert = root.pem
Private key = userkey.pem
Private key password = [password used to create the Macintosh certificate]

2. Hit connect.

3. You will be asked for a key ring password the first time it connects. If you have not created a key ring for other applications this is a local, machine based password and you will be prompted to create one the first time you connect.

The GNOME NetworkManager is a lovely tool, it detects new networks and you only need to choose them from the list. I have noticed it drops the connection a bit after rebooting, possibly the change of WEP key or something else on my system that is disturbing it. It connects fine when you click the applet again but a it's a little annoying.

WPA Supplicant Configuration

If the Network Manager configuration above works for you, then you don't need to read this section.

1. Create and convert the certificates as described above.

2. You may want to stop and disable Network Manager:

sudo /etc/dbus-1/event.d/26NetworkManagerDispatcher stop
sudo /etc/dbus-1/event.d/25NetworkManager stop

Create two files with only the word 'exit' in them. These files are:

/etc/default/NetworkManager
/etc/default/NetworkManagerDispatcher

4. Create or edit /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf to look like:

fast_reauth=1
network={
ssid="eduPaSS-XXXX-01"
key_mgmt=IEEE8021X
eap=TLS
identity="savubuntu" #(name of the certificate/zipfile)
ca_cert="/path/to/root.pem"
client_cert="/path/to/usercert.pem"
private_key="/path/to/userkey.pem"
private_key_passwd="password used to create the Mac certificates"
eapol_flags=3
}

4. Try out wpa_supplicant:

$ sudo wpa_supplicant -ieth1 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -w

You may need to specify a driver with the -D flag (see wpa_supplicant docs for more info), or use a different interface than eth1.

You should get something along the lines of

EAP authentication completed successfully

at some point in the output.

5. Edit /etc/network/interfaces. You will probably need to add/uncomment eth0 (wired connection), as well as your wireless interface (could be eth1, ath0, wlan0, or something else). Mine looks like:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0  #wired ethernet
iface eth0 inet dhcp

auto eth1  #wireless (could ben ath0, wlan0, or something else depending on your card)
iface eth1 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

If you needed to specify a driver for wpa_supplicant with -D, then you'll also need to add:

wpa-driver madwifi #or whatever driver you are using

afterwards.