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If you've come to Ubuntu from Mac OS X, welcome, and thanks for installing Ubuntu! OS X and Ubuntu actually have a lot in common, and they're both designed to "just work." This will probably make it easier for you to transition.

This document intends to give you some information, resources and terminology to help you discern the similarities and differences between OS X and Ubuntu.

Installing Software

Just like OS X, Ubuntu comes with a useful selection of applications by default, such as an office suite, web browser, multimedia applications and games. Both use software packages to install software. With Ubuntu, however, you usually need to install packages, as opposed to downloading the packages and using them without installation. When installing packages in Ubuntu, you will need to supply your password, just like when installing updates or certain programs in OS X.

Much of the software that you'll find yourself using is contained in the Ubuntu package repositories. That means no longer needing to go online to sites like VersionTracker or MacUpdate, unless you are looking for something uncommon. If you are looking for something less common, then Sourceforge is a good website of open source software projects.

See [InstallingSoftware Install Software] for more information on how to install software from the repositories and from online sources.

Alternatives to the iLife Suite

Ubuntu offers a number of open source alternatives for users migrating from Mac OS X who use Apple's iLife suite.

iTunes Alternative

Rhythmbox is a music player capable of scanning and indexing the user's library upon first running the application. Basic functions like playlist management, DAAP music sharing over a network, docked playback-view, and podcast feeds are supported. Additionally, the iPod is supported for syncing music. For obtaining music content from the web, both a Magnatune store and Jamendo channel are available via the plugins menu (Edit-->Plugins...). It should be noted that Rhythmbox does not ship with support for proprietary audio codecs such as aac, wma, and mp3. However, these audio formats can be enabled by following the directions in the Ubuntu Desktop Guide for Multimedia Codecs. Rhythmbox is shipped by default with the Ubuntu GNOME desktop.

iPhoto Alternative

F-Spot is a full-featured personal photo management application for the GNOME desktop. F-Spot features a simple user interface with easy to use photo editing capabilities like rotate, crop, resize, color adjustment, and red eye removal. Your photo collection is scanned and indexed for quick browsing and photo tagging for smart photo management. Photo CDs can be created easily by choosing "Export to CD" from the main menu. Users with Flickr, 23, Picasa Web, or SmugMug accounts will be happy to find native upload support in F-Spot. F-Spot is shipped by default with the Ubuntu GNOME desktop.

iMovie

Although there is no full-featured non-linear video editor available yet for the GNOME desktop, there are several alternatives to iMovie available for Linux in general. Each have pros and cons, as will be outlined below.

Pitivi is intended to fill this video editor gap on the Gnome desktop. However, Pitivi is still under early development and is not intended for regular users. Pitivi is currently recommended for developers only.

Kdenlive is a non-linear video editor for KDE. Currently, Kdenlive is not available in the Ubuntu repositories, so it must be compiled from source code. Compiling source code can be difficult for new Ubuntu users, so Kdenlive is not recommended until an installable package is available from the Ubuntu repositories. Kdenlive is intended to be a user-friendly video editor which imports and exports many audio, video, and image formats. Audio and video effects are available, such as blur, sepia, volume, and brightness. Kdenlive imports video from firewire DV cameras. Scene transitions like crossfade, push, and picture-in-picture add flair to your home movies.

Kino is a basic non-linear video editor. Basic video format support is available for some AVI files and raw DV files. Although development for new features in Kino has ceased, basic single-track video editing can be done with Kino. Many audio and video effects, as well as scene transitions are offered. Supports uploading to blip.tv. Kino is available in the Ubuntu Main repository.

For advanced users who are looking for powerful video editing applications and who do not mind user interfaces that are not aimed at the beginner, LiVES and Cinelerra are recommended.

iDVD

DeVeDe is a basic DVD authoring tool for creating DVDs from video clips. Subititles, video resolution, and letterboxing are user-customizable for creating a Video DVD disc that will play in PAL and NTSC DVD players. DeVeDe is available in the Ubuntu Universe repository. See DVDAuthoring for details on other solutions for DVD creation.

GarageBand

Jokosher is a simple multi-track audio recorder and editor. Although under heavy development, Jokosher already offers a superbly user-friendly interface with essential audio editing features such as splitting, trimming, moving, copying, and pasting clips. Ogg Vorbis, MP3, FLAC, and WAV are all formats that can be imported into Jokosher, with multimedia codecs installed. Instrument profiles can be added to the audio project, each with a selection of effects if LADSPA is installed. Jokosher is available in the Ubuntu Universe repository for Ubuntu 7.04.

Archive Formats

In OS X, the main types of compressed archives for files and folders are .dmg (Disk Image) and .sit/.sitx (Stuffit). Ubuntu can't natively read .dmg archives, but the free dmg2iso utility can convert .dmg archives to .iso. Ubuntu can read .sit, .sitx, .zip, .tar, .gz, .tar.gz, .bzip and a number of other archive formats.

Essential Software

• Mark Pilgrim's list of Ubuntu essentials for those switching from Mac OS X. Includes Linux equivalents of popular Mac programs and Mark's opinions on different Linux apps. Essentials, 2006 Edition

Importing DRM-crippled Music

DRM Dumpster can be used to restore rights on DRM-crippled music, including the ability to play in other operating systems, music software and portable players than iTunes and iPod.

Environment Variables

See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/environment_variables

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