UbuntuHelp:SupportedArchitectures/zh

支持的体系结构

Ubuntu需要运行在下列三种常见的"体系结构"之一：Intel x86, PowerPC和 AMD64。

Intel x86

绝大多数的桌面个人电脑和中小型服务器均使用intel x86体系结构。如果您对您的计算机的技术细节不甚了解， 在大多数情况下，您应该是使用的这种体系结构。 从技术上说，intel x86体系结构包括所有基于x86的处理器，它们包括AMD和VIA(以前是Cyrix)处理器和其它更新的处理器，比如速龙XP(Athlon XP)和intel奔四至强(Intel P4 Xeon)等处理器。(Ubuntu*不*支持286和更老的处理器，其它的通用Linux也是如此) intel x86体系结构包括几乎所有系统总线(甚至这些系统总线被其它类型的处理器所使用)：ISA, EISA, PCI, MCA (微通道总线), and VESA局部总线 (VLB)。 值得注意的是，有些笔记本电脑含有特殊的或专用的硬件，您可以通过访问 Linux 笔记本支持网站来检查您的笔记本是否能在Ubuntu下正常工作。

PowerPC

This covers the majority of machines with a PowerPC CPU. Most prominent are the Power Macintoshes produced by Apple. Note that older Macs with a Motorola 680x0 processor are *not* covered here. (They have the "m68k" architecture, which isn't supported by Ubuntu but may be supported by other Linux distributions.) The PowerPC family is quite varied though, you can find everything from Power Macintosh clones to IBM small-to-medium servers here. This architecture also covers most bus systems that are in use with the PowerPC processor. The most notable exception is the Nu``Bus, which was used in some Apple Macintosh models (before Apple switched over to PCI). (A Linux kernel and limited support for the Nu``Bus can be found at http://nubus-pmac.sourceforge.net/). Here's a list of supported models:

• Manufacturer: Apple (Linux Subarchitecture: powermac-New'World)
• iMac Bondi Blue, 5 Flavors, Slot Loading
• iMac Summer 2000, Early 2001
• iBook, iBook SE, iBook Dual USB
• iBook2
• Power Macintosh Blue and White (B&W) G3
• Power Macintosh G4 PCI, AGP, Cube
• Power Macintosh G4 Gigabit Ethernet
• Power Macintosh G4 Digital Audio, Quicksilver
• Power'Book G3 Fire'Wire Pismo (2000)
• Power'Book G3 Lombard (1999)
• Power'Book G4 Titanium
• Manufacturer: Apple (Linux Subarchitecture: powermac-Old'World)
• Performa 4400, 54xx, 5500
• Performa 6360, 6400, 6500
• Power Macintosh 4400, 5400
• Power Macintosh 7200, 7300, 7500, 7600
• Power Macintosh 8200, 8500, 8600
• Power Macintosh 9500, 9600
• Power Macintosh (Beige) G3 Minitower
• Power Macintosh (Beige) Desktop, All-in-One
• Power'Book 2400, 3400, 3500
• Power'Book G3 Wallstreet (1998)
• Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh
• Workgroup Server 7250, 7350, 8550, 9650, G3
• Manufacturer: Power Computing (Linux Subarchitecture: powermac-Old'World)
• Power'Base, Power'Tower / Pro, Power'Wave
• Power'Center / Pro, Power'Curve
• Manufacturer: UMAX (Linux Subarchitecture: powermac-Old'World)
• C500, C600, J700, S900
• Manufacturer: APS (Linux Subarchitecture: powermac-Old'World)
• APS Tech M*Power 604e/2000
• Manufacturer: Motorola (Linux Subarchitecture: powermac-Old'World)
• Starmax 3000, 4000, 5000, 5500
• Manufacturer: Motorola (Linux Subarchitecture: prep)
• Firepower, Power'Stack Series E, Power'Stack II
• MPC 7xx, 8xx
• MTX, MTX+
• MVME2300(SC)/24xx/26xx/27xx/36xx/46xx
• MCP(N)750
• Manufacturer: IBM (Linux Subarchitecture: prep)
• RS/6000 40P, 43P
• RS/6000 Power 830/850/860 (6070, 6050)
• RS/6000 6030, 7025, 7043
• RS/6000 p640
• RS/6000 B50, 43P-150, 44P
• Manufacturer: Amiga Power-UP Systems (Linux Subarchitecture: apus)
• A1200, A3000, A4000

This list is not exhaustive. New models are constantly being brought out, and some older models may be absent because they haven't been tested.

AMD64

包括带有"amd64"扩展的AMD处理器和带有"EM64T"扩展的Inter处理器。(Intel的"ia64"体系) This covers AMD processors with the "amd64" extension and Intel processors with the "em64t" extension. (Intel's "ia64" architecture is different. Ubuntu doesn't officially support ia64 yet, but work is well underway, and many Ubuntu/ia64 packages are available as of 2004-01-16). A list of supported mainboards can be found at https://alioth.debian.org/docman/view.php/30192/27/mainboards.html.

Multiprocessor Machines

All of the above architectures may come in a multiprocessor flavor (often called "symmetric multiprocessing" or SMP). This is not a problem for Ubuntu: it can handle multiple processors just fine. The installation process may choose to use just one of the CPUs, but that's no cause for alarm: you'll be given the opportunity to adapt Ubuntu to your hardware later, from this page: CompileTheKernel.

Other Architectures

Ubuntu doesn't currently support any other architectures. This doesn't mean that Ubuntu won't run - in fact it is entirely possible that it *will* install without a problem. After all, Ubuntu is based on the Debian distribution, which has support for eight additional architectures. However, if you run into problems, the Ubuntu people may or may not be helpful in getting you going - no promises here.

---