“UbuntuHelp:Smartmontools”的版本间的差异
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{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Smartmontools}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Smartmontools}} | ||
This how to will help you to configure Smartmontools to do actions as shut down the computer or send an e-mail when the disk is going to fail. | This how to will help you to configure Smartmontools to do actions as shut down the computer or send an e-mail when the disk is going to fail. | ||
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=== Prerequisites === | === Prerequisites === | ||
* A modern hard disk S.M.A.R.T. capable | * A modern hard disk S.M.A.R.T. capable | ||
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=== Installation === | === Installation === | ||
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First of all, we have to install Smartmontools package. Install the <code><nowiki>smartmontools</nowiki></code> package in the Synaptic Package Manager. See [[UbuntuHelp:SynapticHowto]]. | First of all, we have to install Smartmontools package. Install the <code><nowiki>smartmontools</nowiki></code> package in the Synaptic Package Manager. See [[UbuntuHelp:SynapticHowto]]. | ||
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To display all the SMART information for an IDE drive, run | To display all the SMART information for an IDE drive, run | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo smartctl -a /dev/hda | sudo smartctl -a /dev/hda | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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To display all the SMART information for a SATA drive, run | To display all the SMART information for a SATA drive, run | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
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Now we have to edit some files. Open the file <code><nowiki>/etc/default/smartmontools</nowiki></code> with your favourite text editor, for example, vim: <code><nowiki>sudo vim /etc/default/smartmontools</nowiki></code> an uncomment the line <code><nowiki>start_smartd=yes</nowiki></code> Then, we are going to edit the daemon configuration. Again, use your favourite text editor to open the file <code><nowiki>/etc/smartd.conf</nowiki></code>. Comment out the line that contains <code><nowiki>DEVICESCAN</nowiki></code>, by adding # in the beginning of the line. Then, add this to the end of the file: | Now we have to edit some files. Open the file <code><nowiki>/etc/default/smartmontools</nowiki></code> with your favourite text editor, for example, vim: <code><nowiki>sudo vim /etc/default/smartmontools</nowiki></code> an uncomment the line <code><nowiki>start_smartd=yes</nowiki></code> Then, we are going to edit the daemon configuration. Again, use your favourite text editor to open the file <code><nowiki>/etc/smartd.conf</nowiki></code>. Comment out the line that contains <code><nowiki>DEVICESCAN</nowiki></code>, by adding # in the beginning of the line. Then, add this to the end of the file: | ||
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<pre><nowiki>/dev/hda \ | <pre><nowiki>/dev/hda \ | ||
-H \ | -H \ | ||
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-s (O/../../5/11|L/../../5/13|C/../../5/15) \ | -s (O/../../5/11|L/../../5/13|C/../../5/15) \ | ||
-m ThisIsNotUsed -M exec /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></pre> | -m ThisIsNotUsed -M exec /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></pre> | ||
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You must replace <code><nowiki>/dev/hda</nowiki></code> with the name of the device which you'd like to be monitored. | You must replace <code><nowiki>/dev/hda</nowiki></code> with the name of the device which you'd like to be monitored. | ||
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With this, the daemon will check the disk from time to time, and will execute <code><nowiki>/usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></code> if any error is encountered. | With this, the daemon will check the disk from time to time, and will execute <code><nowiki>/usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></code> if any error is encountered. | ||
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Now, we are going to make the script which is going to shut down the computer. Create a text file called <code><nowiki>smartd.sh</nowiki></code> in <code><nowiki>/usr/local/bin/</nowiki></code> (you could use the command <code><nowiki>sudo vim /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></code> to do so) and add the following to the file: | Now, we are going to make the script which is going to shut down the computer. Create a text file called <code><nowiki>smartd.sh</nowiki></code> in <code><nowiki>/usr/local/bin/</nowiki></code> (you could use the command <code><nowiki>sudo vim /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></code> to do so) and add the following to the file: | ||
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<pre><nowiki>#!/bin/bash | <pre><nowiki>#!/bin/bash | ||
LOGFILE="/var/log/smartd.log" | LOGFILE="/var/log/smartd.log" | ||
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sleep 40s | sleep 40s | ||
shutdown -h now</nowiki></pre> | shutdown -h now</nowiki></pre> | ||
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This will send the log file by e-mail to admin[at]alcalleop[dot]net, wait 40 seconds and then will shut down the computer. You can customize the script to change what the computer will do in a case of disk error. For example, perhaps you do not want the computer to shut down. | This will send the log file by e-mail to admin[at]alcalleop[dot]net, wait 40 seconds and then will shut down the computer. You can customize the script to change what the computer will do in a case of disk error. For example, perhaps you do not want the computer to shut down. | ||
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Now, it is time to start the daemon: <code><nowiki>sudo /etc/init.d/smartmontools start</nowiki></code> | Now, it is time to start the daemon: <code><nowiki>sudo /etc/init.d/smartmontools start</nowiki></code> | ||
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If you want to test all of this, add <code><nowiki>-M test</nowiki></code> after <code><nowiki>-M exec /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></code> and restart the daemon. This will force daemon to execute the script immediately. '''Now, every time the computer is turned on, the script will shut down the computer, so you will have to start the computer in recovery mode and remove <code><nowiki>-M test</nowiki></code> option of <code><nowiki>/etc/smartd.conf</nowiki></code> file. | If you want to test all of this, add <code><nowiki>-M test</nowiki></code> after <code><nowiki>-M exec /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh</nowiki></code> and restart the daemon. This will force daemon to execute the script immediately. '''Now, every time the computer is turned on, the script will shut down the computer, so you will have to start the computer in recovery mode and remove <code><nowiki>-M test</nowiki></code> option of <code><nowiki>/etc/smartd.conf</nowiki></code> file. | ||
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Based on [http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_Monitor_your_hard_disk(s)_with_smartmontools Gentoo Wiki: HOWTO Monitor your hard disk(s)withsmartmontools]. | Based on [http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_Monitor_your_hard_disk(s)_with_smartmontools Gentoo Wiki: HOWTO Monitor your hard disk(s)withsmartmontools]. | ||
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Before running this, be sure to check that you have a "mail" command, and do a test first to your address. On my default Fiesty: | Before running this, be sure to check that you have a "mail" command, and do a test first to your address. On my default Fiesty: | ||
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jim@beorn:~$ mail | jim@beorn:~$ mail | ||
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The program 'mail' can be found in the following packages: | The program 'mail' can be found in the following packages: | ||
* mailx | * mailx | ||
* mailutils | * mailutils | ||
Try: sudo apt-get install <selected package> | Try: sudo apt-get install <selected package> | ||
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Make sure you have the 'universe' component enabled | Make sure you have the 'universe' component enabled | ||
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bash: mail: command not found | bash: mail: command not found | ||
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2007年11月30日 (五) 21:30的版本
This how to will help you to configure Smartmontools to do actions as shut down the computer or send an e-mail when the disk is going to fail.
Prerequisites
- A modern hard disk S.M.A.R.T. capable
Installation
First of all, we have to install Smartmontools package. Install the smartmontools package in the Synaptic Package Manager. See UbuntuHelp:SynapticHowto.
To display all the SMART information for an IDE drive, run
sudo smartctl -a /dev/hda
To display all the SMART information for a SATA drive, run
sudo smartctl -a -d ata /dev/sda
Note: This also works for IDE drives in new kernels that are being run through the SCSI stack and show up as /dev/sdX
Now we have to edit some files. Open the file /etc/default/smartmontools with your favourite text editor, for example, vim: sudo vim /etc/default/smartmontools an uncomment the line start_smartd=yes Then, we are going to edit the daemon configuration. Again, use your favourite text editor to open the file /etc/smartd.conf. Comment out the line that contains DEVICESCAN, by adding # in the beginning of the line. Then, add this to the end of the file:
/dev/hda \ -H \ -l error -l selftest \ -s (O/../../5/11|L/../../5/13|C/../../5/15) \ -m ThisIsNotUsed -M exec /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh
You must replace /dev/hda with the name of the device which you'd like to be monitored.
With this, the daemon will check the disk from time to time, and will execute /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh if any error is encountered.
Now, we are going to make the script which is going to shut down the computer. Create a text file called smartd.sh in /usr/local/bin/ (you could use the command sudo vim /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh to do so) and add the following to the file:
#!/bin/bash LOGFILE="/var/log/smartd.log" echo -e "$(date)\n$SMARTD_MESSAGE\n" >> "$LOGFILE" mail admin[at]alcalleop[dot]net < $LOGFILE sleep 40s shutdown -h now
This will send the log file by e-mail to admin[at]alcalleop[dot]net, wait 40 seconds and then will shut down the computer. You can customize the script to change what the computer will do in a case of disk error. For example, perhaps you do not want the computer to shut down.
Now, it is time to start the daemon: sudo /etc/init.d/smartmontools start
If you want to test all of this, add -M test after -M exec /usr/local/bin/smartd.sh and restart the daemon. This will force daemon to execute the script immediately. Now, every time the computer is turned on, the script will shut down the computer, so you will have to start the computer in recovery mode and remove -M test option of /etc/smartd.conf file.
Based on Gentoo Wiki: HOWTO Monitor your hard disk(s)withsmartmontools.
Before running this, be sure to check that you have a "mail" command, and do a test first to your address. On my default Fiesty: jim@beorn:~$ mail The program 'mail' can be found in the following packages:
- mailx
- mailutils
Try: sudo apt-get install <selected package> Make sure you have the 'universe' component enabled bash: mail: command not found
