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Lyp069（讨论 | 贡献）2008年2月28日 (四) 17:21的版本 （→‎播放受限制格式）

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Ubuntu力求让所有的满足Ubuntu License Policy 条款的软件可用。但是专利和权利给开源操作系统分发支持私有格式软件造成困难。Ubuntu的只能承诺所默认包含所有自由软件这意味着私有媒体格式配置并不能“即开即用”。通过下面的指南Ubuntu可以播放流行的非自由媒体格式，包括DVD, MP3、Quicktime、 Windows Media等等。也许这是多余的工作，要记住Ubuntu的分发是基于自由软件的，有证椐表明这些软件包在一些国家是受到专利和版权的影响的。避开使用由ＤＲＭ(Digital Rights Management, or Digital Restrictions Management)压制的格式，因为它们通常是不能播放的。浏览Ubuntu的Free Software Philosophy 和自由文件格式页面来综合讨论这些问题。 法律事项 专利和版权法处理依赖于你所在的国家。如果你不确定应用这些媒体格式是否如你所愿在你的国家使用，请获取司法建议。

播放受限制格式

按下面这些步骤操作就可以播放大部分通用的多媒体文件格式，包括MP3、DVD、 Flash、 Quicktime、WMA 和 WMV，还包含以这些文件为基础嵌入在网页中的独立文件。

Ubuntu 7.10

新立得软件包管理器
  • 转到 应用程序 → 添加/删除...
  • 设置 所有可使用的应用程序
  • 搜索 ubuntu-restricted-extras并安装它。注意这里也有xubuntu-restricted-extras和kubuntu-restricted-extras。

或者打开终端，执行下面的命令： 

 
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Ubuntu 7.04

  • 点击应用程序 → 添加/删除...。在右上方，改变设置所有可使用的应用程序。然后选择左边面板上的其它，再选择Ubuntu restricted extras软件包。点击确定。
  • 播放大多数的ＤＶＤ你需要使用libdvdcss2软件包。这个软件包需要使用UbuntuHelp:Medibuntu源。这是第三方软件包，并不受Canonical支持。

注意:如果ＤＶＤ播放失败，并且在此之前你的系统不能播放任何ＤＶＤ，你可能需要regionset软件包安装设定你的ＤＶＤ驱动器的区域。

  • 一些扩展的解码器可能需要要求播放私有格式如苹果的Quicktime或Real的视频。这些扩展的解码器只有加入第三方软件源UbuntuHelp:Medibuntu才可用。

Ubuntu 6.06 and 6.10

Install the following packages to play most proprietary formats using the Totem and Rhythmbox applications, both of which are included in Ubuntu by default. Since the version of Totem that comes with Ubuntu does not yet play DVDs, the list below also includes packages for the GXine and Ogle players, which do.

  • Ensure the relevant repositories are enabled. Click System → Administration → Synaptic Package Manager → Settings → Repositories and then click Add. Check the Community maintained (Universe) and Non-free (Multiverse) boxes, click Add. Close the Software Repository window, and click Reload in Synaptic Package Manager.
  • Install the packages. While you could install packages individually using Synaptic, here is one case where any Ubuntu user can save a lot of time by using the command line. Quit out of Synaptic, then click Application → Accessories → Terminal and paste the following command:
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-pitfdll gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad-multiverse gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse gxine libxine-main1 libxine-extracodecs ogle ogle-gui
  • To play most DVDs you'll need the libdvdcss2 package. This package is available using UbuntuHelp:Medibuntu. This is a third party package, and not supported by Canonical.

Note: If DVD playback fails, and you've never played any DVD before on your system, you may need the regionset package to initially set the drives region.

  • Some external codecs may be needed in order to play certain proprietary formats such as Apple Quicktime or Real``Video. These external codecs are available in the third-party repository of UbuntuHelp:Medibuntu.
  • Users of x86 systems may also install Adobe Flash Player.

详细的指南和疑难解答

音频

DVD

Web

  • Playing Flash
  • Adobe Shockwave works using wine + the windows version of firefox.

1) install wine 2) Download the Windows version of Firefox, Open the .exe using wine. 3) Visit the Adobe site to download the shockwave plugin. You need to launch the windows version of firefox whenever you want to view shockwave content.

视频

其它

Anchor(defaultplayers)

Ubuntu 和 Kubuntu 的媒体播放器

  • Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake) comes with Totem (a movie player) and Rhythmbox (a music player)
  • Kubuntu 6.06 LTS and Kubuntu 6.10 include Kaffeine (a multimedia player) and AmaroK (a music player)

These media players support free formats (Ogg Vorbis, Ogg Theora, and similar formats) 'out of the box'. However, they can also play most non-free media formats if you install the additional gstreamer (for Ubuntu only) or libxine1 (for Kubuntu only) packages listed above. IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=eyes.png See Multimedia Applications for an overview of the most popular media players for Ubuntu and Kubuntu.

警告非正常安装方法

Warning: EasyUbuntu and Automatix are third-party utilities for installing the most commonly requested applications in some Debian-based distributions. They are not supported or recommended by Ubuntu. While they work well for many users, they have also been known to corrupt systems and leave them in a state where they cannot be upgraded to a later Ubuntu release.

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