“UbuntuHelp:Repositories/Ubuntu/Breezy”的版本间的差异

2007年11月30日 (五) 21:15的版本

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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu/Breezy

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Managing Repositories in Ubuntu

Applies to: Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger) and earlier See the [[UbuntuHelp:../| Managing Repositories]] wiki page for instructions for the current version of Ubuntu.

Adding Universe and Multiverse

• Depending on your version, select "Synaptic Package Manager" from the "Computer" > "System Configuration" or "System" > "Administration" menu.

• Choose the Repositories item in the Settings menu

• A list of repositories is shown. Click the Settings button at the bottom and tick Show disabled software sources.

• Click the Close button. You should now see checkboxes next to the repositories. Scroll down and enable the Universe repository by ticking the checkboxes next to the Community Maintained (Universe) entries. To enable the Multiverse repository, for each of the Community Maintained (Universe) entries click on the entry, click Edit, then change the entry for Sections from "universe" to "universe multiverse". Click OK to save your settings.

• Save the changes and close the window by clicking OK.
• Update the list of available packages with Reload in the Synaptic window.

• Once the package list has been updated, packages from Universe and Multiverse can be installed.

Adding Outside Repositories

Note: some outside packages could [[UbuntuHelp:../#other| break your Ubuntu installation]].

• As above, select "Synaptic Package Manager" from the "Computer" > "System Configuration" or "System" > "Administration" menu (depending on your Ubuntu version). In Synaptic, choose the Repositories item from the Settings menu.
• You now see a window with a list of repositories.
  • Click New to add a repository.
    • Click Custom in the dialog box that appears.

Applies to Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger) and 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog) Paste the the apt line (repository information) into the dialog box that appears. Usually, the repository's maintainer will provide an apt line in a form like the following example:

deb http://www.grawert.net/ubuntu/ warty universe

Click OK.

Applies to Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog)

• You'll need to break the line down as follows:
  • deb means it is a binary, so use the drop-down list to choose binary. Normally this is the default setting.
    • `http://www.grawert.net/ubuntu/` is the URI (Uniform Resource Identifier), i.e. the location of the repository on the internet for example.
    • warty is the name of the distribution it applies to.
    • universe is the name of the section of the repository we are interested in. There can be several sections, seperated by spaces.
    • Sometimes the repository line has less information though, as shown in the next example.

deb http://www.getsweaaa.com/~tseng/ubuntu/debs ./ 

• The first two fields (deb and URI) are similar to the example above. However, the release-name is "./" so just put this (without the quotes) in the release field of Synaptic. It looks weird, but simply specifies the release as being whatever is in the directory given by the URI. Note that there is no section information so just leave that text field blank in the dialog box entry.

Applies to Ubuntu 5.10 and all earlier versions

• Save the changes and close the window by clicking OK.
• Update the list of avaible packages with Reload in the main window.

• Done!

Apt line Syntax

• Only the section information of the apt line is optional, and then only with respect to the repository maintainer. If section information is available, it must be specifed on the apt line. In this case, the section field should not be left blank.
• If you make a mistake with the syntax in the fields you will get an error when you click the OK button in Synaptic. One cause is putting a trailing slash at the end of the URI. Also beware of leaving whitespaces at the beginning/end of the fields.