“UbuntuHelp:Repositories/Kubuntu”的版本间的差异

2010年5月20日 (四) 00:03的最新版本

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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Kubuntu

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What are Repositories?

There are thousands of programs available to install on Kubuntu. These programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and are available for installation over the Internet. This makes it very easy to install new programs. It is also very secure, because each program you install is thoroughly tested and built specifically for Kubuntu. The Kubuntu software repository is organized into four "components", on the basis of the level of support Kubuntu can offer them, and whether or not they comply with Ubuntu's (and Kubuntu's) Free Software Philosophy. The components are called Main (officially supported software), Restricted (supported software that is not available under a completely free license), Universe (community-maintained, i.e. not officially supported software) and Multiverse (software that is "not free"). You can find more information about the Repositories here. The Kubuntu Install CDs contain software from the Main and Restricted components. Once your system is made aware of the Internet-based locations for these repositories, many more software programs are made available for installation. Using the software package management tools already installed on your system, you can search for, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, without the need for the CD. Canonical now maintains a repository which contains commercial software such as Opera and Real Player specifically built for Ubuntu. These are however not open source software. This page describes how to manage software repositories in Kubuntu releases. This wiki page explains how to manage software repositories in Kubuntu.

Managing Repositories in Kubuntu (version 9.04 - Jaunty Jackalope and later)

Kubuntu uses KPackageKit for software management. To open it, click on your Kmenu, then open System Settings. Next, select "Add and Remove Software" Click the "Settings" button, then select "Edit Software Sources". You will be prompted for your password in order to proceed Next, go the the "Updates" tab. From here, you can enable/disable some of the official Ubuntu repositories and change your update settings. "Important Security Updates" and "Recommended Updates" should always remain enabled. "Unsupported Updates" enables the unsupported Backports repository. This is for unsupported versions of future packages which are still in development. Packages may contain new features, may introduce new interfaces, and have not been sufficiently tested to be included in the 'proposed' repository. "Pre-released Updates" enables the Proposed repository, which is the testing area for updates. This repository is recommended only to those interested in helping to test updates and provide feedback. To add or remove other repositories, click on the "Other Software" tab. Here, you can enable or disable existing repositories by checking off the appropriate boxes in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the "Add" button. Enter your repository info here. Make sure you use the correct format. It will look similar to this:

If you are adding an Ubuntu PPA repository, you may also enter it in the fashion listed on that particular PPA page. It will look similar to this:

After adding the repository, you will be prompted to update your package list. This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software If the repository you added contains updated versions of software you already have, you should see these here. Click on"Select all Updates" , then click "Apply" to update your system. If you do not see any updates here, click the "Refresh" button. If your new repository adds new software, you can go to the Software Management section and type the name or a search term into the search bar and click your "Enter" key. Select the package you want to install by clicking the blue arrow to the right of the desired software package(s). and then click "Apply". KPackageKit will then download and install your packages, along with any others required by them.

Previous Kubuntu Versions

For information on managing repositories in 8.10 (Intepid Ibex), please see Repositories/Kubuntu/Intrepid Information for 8.04 (Hardy Heron) and Kubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft), can be found at Repositories/Kubuntu/Hardy. For Kubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake) and older, please see Repositories/Kubuntu/Dapper.