“UbuntuHelp:ReportingBugs”的版本间的差异

2009年11月17日 (二) 20:28的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs

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English

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If you've come here when trying to file a bug about Ubuntu in Launchpad this was deliberate. Please read the following documentation regarding how to report a bug about Ubuntu. Ubuntu uses Launchpad to keep track of bugs and their fixes. To file a bug you first need to create an account . Once you have an account you can use the tools we've provided you on your Ubuntu system to file bug reports. Note: If you use Kubuntu, please see the Kubuntu variant of this page here.

Reporting bugs

Use the menu - try this first!

If you want to report a bug on an application that is running and responding, use the application's help menu: Help -> Report a problem. This method is preferable to filing a bug at the Launchpad website - it automatically attaches relevant information, which helps analyze the problem. If an application crashes, and you're using a version of Ubuntu which is actively under development, Apport will start automatically, raising an appropriate bug report for you to complete in Launchpad. This provides developers with rich debugging information that will make it easier to fix the problem.

Filing a bug with ubuntu-bug

If you can't file your report from the menu, for example:

• You're using the Server Edition
• The application doesn't have the appropriate menu item
• The application won't start at all
• Your problem is not related to an application but is an infrastructure component, such as the Linux kernel or graphics subsystem

You can still help us by using `ubuntu-bug`.

Ubuntu 8.10 and later

Press Alt+F2 to open the "Run Application" window, pictured above. Type `ubuntu-bug ``<package name>` and click Run. Server Edition users should use a terminal instead. If you're not sure which package has a problem, refer to the instructions for finding|the right package. To file a bug against a program that is currently running, go to System > Administration > System Monitor, and find the ID of the process. Server Edition users should use `ps aux`. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=system-monitor-id.png+%7C+System+Monitor+Processes+tab+ Then type the process ID instead of the package name into the "Run Application" window. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=ubuntu-bug-pid.png+%7C+Filing+a+bug+with+the+%22Run+Application%22+window+and+a+process+ID

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS

In Ubuntu 8.04 LTS, you need to type `ubuntu-bug -p` (lowercase `p`) when reporting a bug about a package, or `ubuntu-bug -P` (capital `P`) when reporting a bug about a process ID. Instructions are otherwise identical to the above.

Filing bugs when off-line

In the event that you have a bug with your internet connection or want to file a bug for another system you can still do this using apport. Using the command `apport-cli -f -p` `<package name>` on the target system will collect information and provide you with an option to "K: Keep report file for sending later or copying to somewhere else". The report is then saved on the target system, in your /tmp directory which is cleared out on reboot, with a .apport extension. After copying it to a different system you can file that report using `ubuntu-bug -c` `<location of apport file>`.

Filing translation bugs

All translations (internationalization or localization) issues should be filled against the Ubuntu Translations (ubuntu-translations) project. From there the bugs will be triaged and assigned to the right persons and package. Here is a (non-exhaustive) list of problems that should be filled against an Ubuntu Translations Project (ubuntu-translations):

• if a string from the application is not available for translation in Launchpad Translations
• if an application from Ubuntu main repository is not available for translation in Launchpad Translations
• if a translation made in Launchpad Translations is not updated in the Ubuntu Language Packs
• you find a duplicate translation template (same application can be translated in two different places)
• a template/translation is no longer used in Ubuntu and should be deleted from Ubuntu Launchpad Translations
• errors in spellcheckers or language support

Filing bugs at Launchpad.net

If for some reason you cannot file a bug through the Apport tool you can file one via Launchpad. When doing so please ensure that you have determined which package it should be filed against. Read 'finding|the right package' for guidance or use Launchpad's package search feature . To file a bug against a specific package use a url similar to the following, http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/PACKAGENAME/+filebug?no-redirect, where PACKAGENAME is the name of the source package about which you want to file the bug. In the event that you want to request a piece of software be packaged for Ubuntu please follow the instructions in the wiki . To report a bug when you don't know the package name [1]

Adding Apport Debug Information to an Existing Launchpad Bug

If you have already reported a bug directly via Launchpad, but want to add additional debugging information via Apport to the bug, you can do this by running the command `apport-collect bug_number` via "Run Application" or terminal window.

Writing a useful report

When a developer fixes a bug, they will test that the bug occurs, make a small change to the program, then see if the bug has gone away. Depending on the bug, they might need to run the same test dozens or hundreds of times. When you submit a bug report, it's important to specify three things:

1. What you expected to happen
2. What actually happened
3. The minimal series of steps necessary to make it happen, where step 1 is "start the program"

Fill in the description field with as much information as you can, including the release of Ubuntu you are using and steps for someone else to recreate the bug. It is better to have too much information in the description than not enough. Only describe a single problem per bug report so that each can be followed up on in detail. If you experience several issues file separate reports. Add supporting attachments to explain or help others reproduce your bug. This might include a screenshot or video capture of the problem or a sample document that triggers the fault. To add an attachment to the bug use the Include an attachment section of the bug form. Additional attachments, if necessary, can be added after the bug is reported via Add a comment/attachment at the bottom of the page. For anything hardware related, give precise details about your hardware. Attaching the output of "lspci -vvnn" and "dmesg", after a fresh boot, will help a lot.

When not to file a bug

• Support requests should go to support requests in Launchpad, the Ubuntu forums, the #ubuntu channel on the Freenode|IRC server, or the ubuntu-users mailing list.
• Feature and policy discussions (including suggestions to change defaults) should be discussed on the ubuntu-devel-discuss mailing list.
• Development ideas should be posted to http://brainstorm.ubuntu.com/ or discussed on the ubuntu-devel-discuss mailing list.
• Already filed - Please check if it has already been reported by searching through the existing bugs and the release notes for your release of Ubuntu: 6.06|(Dapper Drake), 8.04 (Hardy Heron), 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex), 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope), 9.10 (Karmic Koala). If you have further information about an already reported bug, add this information to the existing reported bug, instead of opening a new one.

Getting advice

If you need help in finding the right package or providing appropriate information ask someone on #ubuntu-bugs on the Freenode|IRC server or on the bugsquad mailing list.

See Also

• A screencast on using these tools by Daniel Holbach
• How to Report Bugs Effectively, by Simon Tatham
• Debugging Procedures

Other languages

• Spanish
• Romanian