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“UbuntuHelp:RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows/zh”的版本间的差异

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{{Languages|php5}}}
 
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== Using the Ubuntu Desktop/Live CD ==
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== 使用Ubuntu Desktop/Live CD ==
  
Please choose one of the following options:  
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请选择下列选项之一:  
  
 
=== Using the Desktop/LiveCD while preserving Windows Bootloader ===
 
=== Using the Desktop/LiveCD while preserving Windows Bootloader ===
  
 +
不要忘记如下方法:在硬盘引导分区上,用GRUB替代MBR(主引导纪录)。这适用于大多数人,除非你有了另外一个可用的引导程序。
 
Don't forget that this method, as described, puts GRUB back on the MBR (master boot record) of the hard drive instead of in the root parititon. This is fine for most people, but not if you already have an alternative boot manager.
 
Don't forget that this method, as described, puts GRUB back on the MBR (master boot record) of the hard drive instead of in the root parititon. This is fine for most people, but not if you already have an alternative boot manager.
  
 +
另一方面,如果你用Boot Magic or System Commander,你读到的命令将改写你所做的。
 
In other words, if you use something like Boot Magic or System Commander, the commands you've just read will overwrite what you've got.
 
In other words, if you use something like Boot Magic or System Commander, the commands you've just read will overwrite what you've got.
  
 +
如果你已在引导分区安装GRUB替换了MBR,命令将会有所不同。下面是我的建议:
 
If you've installed GRUB into the Root Partition instead of the MBR, the commands are a little different. Here's are the instructions that I have for my system:
 
If you've installed GRUB into the Root Partition instead of the MBR, the commands are a little different. Here's are the instructions that I have for my system:
  
 +
如何在Ghost后恢复Grub:
 
How to Restore the Grub Menu after a Re-Ghosting:
 
How to Restore the Grub Menu after a Re-Ghosting:
  
 +
1.用Live CD引导系统,例如Ubuntu Live, Knoppix, Mepis, or similar.
 
1. Boot from a Live CD, like Ubuntu Live, Knoppix, Mepis, or similar.
 
1. Boot from a Live CD, like Ubuntu Live, Knoppix, Mepis, or similar.
  
 +
2.打开终端。打开根终端(用在非Ubuntu光盘中用“su",在Ubuntu光盘中用"sudo -i)。密码是必须的。
 
2. Open a Terminal. Open a root terminal (that is, type "su" in a non-Ubuntu distro, or "sudo -i" in Ubuntu). Enter root passwords as necessary.
 
2. Open a Terminal. Open a root terminal (that is, type "su" in a non-Ubuntu distro, or "sudo -i" in Ubuntu). Enter root passwords as necessary.
  
 +
3.输入"grub" ,
 
3. Type "grub" which makes a GRUB prompt appear.
 
3. Type "grub" which makes a GRUB prompt appear.
  

2007年11月11日 (日) 00:58的版本

}

使用Ubuntu Desktop/Live CD

请选择下列选项之一:

Using the Desktop/LiveCD while preserving Windows Bootloader

不要忘记如下方法:在硬盘引导分区上,用GRUB替代MBR(主引导纪录)。这适用于大多数人,除非你有了另外一个可用的引导程序。 Don't forget that this method, as described, puts GRUB back on the MBR (master boot record) of the hard drive instead of in the root parititon. This is fine for most people, but not if you already have an alternative boot manager.

另一方面,如果你用Boot Magic or System Commander,你读到的命令将改写你所做的。 In other words, if you use something like Boot Magic or System Commander, the commands you've just read will overwrite what you've got.

如果你已在引导分区安装GRUB替换了MBR,命令将会有所不同。下面是我的建议: If you've installed GRUB into the Root Partition instead of the MBR, the commands are a little different. Here's are the instructions that I have for my system:

如何在Ghost后恢复Grub: How to Restore the Grub Menu after a Re-Ghosting:

1.用Live CD引导系统,例如Ubuntu Live, Knoppix, Mepis, or similar. 1. Boot from a Live CD, like Ubuntu Live, Knoppix, Mepis, or similar.

2.打开终端。打开根终端(用在非Ubuntu光盘中用“su",在Ubuntu光盘中用"sudo -i)。密码是必须的。 2. Open a Terminal. Open a root terminal (that is, type "su" in a non-Ubuntu distro, or "sudo -i" in Ubuntu). Enter root passwords as necessary.

3.输入"grub" , 3. Type "grub" which makes a GRUB prompt appear.

4. Type "find /boot/grub/stage1". You'll get a response like "(hd0)" or in my case "(hd0,3)". Use whatever your computer spits out for the following lines.

5. Type "root (hd0,3)".

6. Type "setup (hd0,3)". This is key. Other instructions say to use "(hd0)", and that's fine if you want to write GRUB to the MBR. If you want to write it to your linux root partition, then you want the number after the comma, such as "(hd0,3)".

7. Type "quit".

8. Restart the system. Remove the bootable CD.

From: http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=121355&postcount=5

Using the Desktop/LiveCD and Overwriting the Windows bootloader

Boot from a Live CD and open a terminal. You'll need to run a few commands as root so you can use sudo -i to get a root shell and run them normally instead of using sudo on each of them. Be extra careful when running a root shell, especially for typos !

We'll need to find which partition your Ubuntu system is installed on. Type the command fdisk -l. It will output a list of all your partitions, for example :

$ sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders
Units == cylinders of 16065 * 512 == 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/hda1               1           8       64228+  83  Linux
/dev/hda2               9        1224     9767520   83  Linux
/dev/hda3   *        1225        2440     9767520   a5  FreeBSD
/dev/hda4            2441       14593    97618972+   5  Extended
/dev/hda5           14532       14593      498015   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/hda6            2441       14530    97112862   83  Linux

Partition table entries are not in disk order

Here I have three Linux partitions. /dev/hda2 is my root partition, /dev/hda1 is my /boot partition and /dev/hda6 is my /home partitoins. If you only have one, obviously this is the one your Ubuntu system is installed on. If you have more than one and you don't know which one your Ubuntu is installed on, we'll look for it later. First, create a mountpoint for your partition, for example :

mkdir /mnt/root

Then mount your partition in it. If you don't know which one it is, then mount any of them, we'll se if it's the correct one.

mount -t ext3 /dev/hda2 /mnt/root

Of course, replace /dev/hda2 with the correct name of your partition. You can check if it's the correct one by running ls /mnt/root, which should output something like this :

bin    dev      home        lib    mnt   root     srv  usr
boot   etc      initrd      lib64  opt   sbin     sys  var
cdrom  initrd.img  media  proc  selinux  tmp  vmlinuz

If what you have looks not at all like this, you didn't mount the correct partition. Do umount /mnt/root to unmount it and try another one. You also need to mount your /boot partition if you made one, like this :

mount -t ext3 /dev/hda1 /mnt/root/boot

To make sure it was the correct one, run ls /mnt/root/boot, which sould output something like this :

config-2.6.18-3-686      initrd.img-2.6.18-3-686.bak  System.map-2.6.18-3-686
grub                     lost+found                   vmlinuz-2.6.18-3-686
initrd.img-2.6.18-3-686  memtest86+.bin

Once again, if what you have doesn't fit, unmount it and try another partition.

Now that everything is mounted, we just need to reinstall GRUB :

grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/root /dev/hda

If you got BIOS warnings try:

grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/root /dev/hda -recheck

Of course, replace /dev/hda with the location you want to install GRUB on. If all went well, you should see something like this :

Installation finished. No error reported.
This is the contents of the device map /boot/grub/device.map.
Check if this is correct or not. If any of the lines is incorrect,
fix it and re-run the script `grub-install'.

(hd0)   /dev/hda

Now you can reboot and the GRUB menu should appear. If you see a warning message regarding XFS filesystem, you can ignore it.


Not using the Ubuntu Desktop/Live CD

You could have to run "grub" not from the Ubuntu Desktop/Live CD, but from your disk installation to make it work. To do this mount your root partition (following examples assume a root partition on hda1):

sudo mkdir /mnt/linux
sudo mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/linux

then change directory to your installation sbin and run grub from there

cd /mnt/linux/sbin
sudo ./grub