“UbuntuHelp:PythonRecipes/DebianPackage”的版本间的差异

2010年5月19日 (三) 23:59的最新版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PythonRecipes/DebianPackage

点击翻译:

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

<<Include(Tag/ContentCleanup)>> Note: These instructions are only for creating packages for personal use. This method won't work for creating packages intended for submission to repositories. - For submitting to repositories, see Ubuntu|packaging guide. If you are looking for a simple guide on how to create a Debian/Ubuntu package you could read http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/336 (Second part) or try stdeb tool for converting Python source packages to Debian. This Python Recipe is constantly being written, you can fix all errors in this example; feel free to do so Here is a simple example on creating a Debian Package, but it will not be in agreement with the Debian/Ubuntu Policy. You should read that if you want to publish your program in the Debian/Ubuntu repositories. In this example I will use a game called Twisted Zombie which was developed for PyWeek 5.

First step

The first thing you should know is the folder structure of the Debian Package before you create it. This folder contains three files that are very important, control, twisted-zombie and twisted-zombie.desktop.

DEBIAN/
    control
usr/
    bin/
        twisted-zombie
    share/
        applications/
            twisted-zombie.desktop
        pixmaps/
            twisted-zombie-icon.png
        twisted-zombie/
            data/
            lib/
            COPYING
            README.txt
            create-upload.py
            pyweek-upload.py
            run_game.py

twisted-zombie is the folder of the application itself, pixmaps contains an icon, application contains a desktop file that indicates some options to GNOME, and bin contains a script to execute this game from a console.

control file

In the control file, we will put a short description, long description, package name, package version, etc. Just like the output of the `apt-cache show package` command. The control file contains:

 Package: twisted-zombie
Version: 1.0
Section: games
Maintainer: Manuel Kaufmann <[email protected]>
Architecture: all
Depends: python, python-pygame
Description: Twisted Zombie game
 Twisted Zombie is a game developed for PyWeek 5
 in seven days by programmers of Santa Fé Argentina. 

If you wish, you can put more information about the package. In this page you can find all what you need for this: Binary package control files

twisted-zombie file

In this file we will put what command should be executed when we type `twisted-zombie` in a console. It's simple, it only contains the `python` command with the path of the main .py file. Make sure that it is executable (chmod a+x run_game.py): python /usr/share/twisted-zombie/run_game.py

twisted-zombie.desktop file

In this file we put some options about our application, to tell GNOME -or other desktop- to put our application in the menu, specifying which icon to use, what command to execute, etc...

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Twisted Zombie
Version=1.0
Comment=Game developed for PyWeek 5
GenericName=Twisted Zombie Game
Terminal=false
Icon=twisted-zombie-icon.png
Type=Application
Exec=python /usr/share/twisted-zombie/run_game.py
Categories=Game;

Config your application

If you use external files, you should include the following lines in the .py that uses those files:

import os
os.chdir('/usr/share/twisted-zombie')

Build and install our package

In this step we will build our package. For this, we use the following command in the folder that contain our application: $ dpkg --build twisted-zombie/ twisted-zombie-1.0_all.deb And to finish: $ dpkg -i twisted-zombie-1.0_all.deb Done, we have installed our game in our machine. Now, open a terminal, and type `twisted-zombie` or go to the Application Menu -> Games -> Twisted Zombie Game and play it.

Categories: