“UbuntuHelp:OpenChrome”的版本间的差异

2009年11月17日 (二) 20:16的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OpenChrome

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English

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Revised: 10 January 2009

Description

openChrome is a free and Open Source video driver for the VIA/S3G UniChrome, UniChrome Pro and Chrome9 graphics chipsets: CLE266, KM400/KN400/KM400A/P4M800, CN400/PM800/PN800/PM880, K8M800, CN700/VM800/P4M800Pro, CX700, P4M890, K8M890, P4M900/VN896/CN896, VX800, VX855 For more information, please visit [1]

Ubuntu 8.04 , Debian 5.0 and newer releases

Since Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) and Debian 5.0 the openchrome driver is installed by default, provided by the xserver-xorg-video-openchrome package. The via driver and the xserver-xorg-video-via package are no longer available in Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex). The openchrome manual page indicates which options can be used to configure the driver by editing /etc/X11/xorg.conf. The xorg.conf manual page explains the structure of this file.

     man xorg.conf
     man openchrome
  

Ubuntu 7.10 and previous releases

A version of the openchrome driver was backported to Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) repositories and can be installed by the command

     sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
  

This replaces the via driver with the openchrome one. The driver module is still called via, so "via" is what needs to be written to the "Driver" field of the "Device" section in /etc/X11/xorg.conf For previous Ubuntu releases the driver had to be compiled from source.

Manual Installation

This howto will help you compile and install the openChrome driver in Ubuntu 6.06 LTS and up. It should also work on Debian and other Debian based distributions like Kanotix and Knoppix.

Before You Start

• You must have administrative privileges.
• Make sure you have enabled the Universe and Multiverse repositories. <
  > See Managing Repositories in Ubuntu or Kubuntu for help with this.

openChrome 2D driver compilation

1. Install needed dependencies

You must get necessary tools to compile source code:

     sudo apt-get install build-essential subversion autoconf automake1.9 libtool
  

Get all the dependency packages needed to build the driver.<
> In 8.04 (Hardy) and later releases run:

     sudo apt-get build-dep xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
  

In Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy), 7.04 (Feisty), and 6.10 (Edgy) run:

     sudo apt-get build-dep xserver-xorg-video-via
  

In Ubuntu 6.06.1 (Dapper), Debian and other Debian based distributions, run:

     sudo apt-get build-dep xserver-xorg-driver-via
  

1. Compile and install the 2D driver

• Get the openChrome source code like this:

     svn checkout http://svn.openchrome.org/svn/trunk openchrome
  

• Change into the newly created directory

     cd openchrome*
  

• Run autogen.sh with the prefix option so that the driver is being installed in the correct directory

     ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr --enable-debug --enable-xv-debug
  

• Compile openChrome

     make
  

• Install openChrome

     sudo make install
  

1. Edit the X server configuration file

• Edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf and change the device driver to openchrome

     gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  

Or in Kubuntu

     kdesu kate /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  

Make a backup of this file in case you need to revert the changes. By default some editors create a backup by appending a tilde to the name of the file (xorg.conf~). This backup may be hidden in the file manager, but is still listed with ls in a terminal.

• Go to

     Section "Device"
  

and change

     Driver		"vesa"
  

to

     Driver		"openchrome"
  

• Save the file.
• Alternatively, you can also run

     sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg
  

and pick "openchrome" when asked.

1. Test the driver

To test the new driver, go to a console (Ctrl+Alt+F1), log in and start a new X screen:

     X :1
  

If it works, then you can continue restarting your desktop manager. If not, you probably have another problem and need to fix this first. Finally, restart the X server by logging out and back in, or typing sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart. If Xorg does not start anymore, log in in a console and revert the changes made to the xorg.conf file. You can use an editor like nano.

     sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  

You can also restore the backup

     sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf~ /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  

3D doesn't always work

The openchrome driver (and previously the via driver) alone only supports 2D acceleration. 3D acceleration (Direct Rendering Infrastructure) is provided by a companion driver by the Mesa project and it is normally already installed on your system. From openchrome revision 749 DRI was disabled by default for Chrome9, and all 3D application runs in Software Rasterizer mode. This solution resolve many problems and system freezing, specially with OpenGL applications, games, screensavers, and Wine (See Launchpad bug #274340). You haven't 3D acceleration (3D application is very slow), but your system won't freeze. There is no good 3D driver because VIA has not released enough chipset specifications to free software developers. For desktop PC users a definitive solution is to use another graphics card. For laptop users, their options are limited.

VIA proprietary graphics driver

VIA proprietary driver should support most of the features missing with the openchrome driver like video decoding acceleration and 3d hardware acceleration. This installing instruction is for Ubuntu 9.04 and Chrome9 graphic series (CX700M/VX700/CN700/CN896/VN896/VX800/VX855 chipsets). First we need some packages in order to be able to compile a kernel package

sudo apt-get install build-essential subversion autoconf automake1.9 libtool linux-headers-generic

The driver can be found at the following website: http://linux.via.com.tw/support/downloadFiles.action Choose "OS: Ubuntu 8.10" and "Platform: VX800" and download the "Unified GFX driver Ver 85a-44597 for Ubuntu 8.10". now install the libGL.so.1.2.via_chrome9 library:

tar xzvf 5.74.33.85a-44597.tar.gz
cd 5.74.33.85a-44597
sudo ./vinstall

The last step might look weird, but installing the libGL library from the previous version of the driver seems to work, to some extent. The other option would be to not install it, but then GL would not be available. Choose "OS: Ubuntu 9.04" and "Platform: VX800" and download the "Unified 2D/DRM driver source version 86a-50283". now install the via_chrome9 kernel module and the via xorg driver:

tar xjvf /root/via-xserver-86a-50283_src.tgz
cd via-xserver-86a-50283_src/DRM/H5DRM_Independent_2.6.27_28
make
sudo make install
sudo depmod -a
cd ../../XServer
chmod a+x autogen.sh
./autogen.sh
make
sudo make install
cd Misc
chmod a+x vinstall_ubuntu
sudo ./vinstall_ubuntu

At this point you need to add the line

        Driver          "via"

to the Device Section of the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. As an alternative to the last steps, a minimal working /etc/X11/xorg.cong file would look like this:

Section "ServerLayout"
        Identifier     "X.org Configured"
        Option         "RandR"  "false"
EndSection

Section "Device"
        Identifier      "Configured Video Device"
        Driver          "via"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
        Identifier      "Configured Monitor"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
        Identifier      "Default Screen"
        Monitor         "Configured Monitor"
        Device          "Configured Video Device"
EndSection

Mixing the latest 2D via open source driver (v86a) with the previous GFX driver (v85a) will crash your system when starting an OpenGL program that uses textures. So refrain from doing so until via comes with an updated version of the GFX driver.

Problems and solutions

• After upgrade to the latest OpenChrome revision, the bug was appeared. What I should do?

First find in which revision this bug occurred. You should get the revision of the OpenChrome between last working, and current one and check where the bug appeared. For example to get revision 713, go to checkedouted directory and type:

     svn update -r713
 

Next submit the bug report at: http://www.openchrome.org/trac/newticket Don't forget attach your Xorg.0.log and xorg.conf files.

• I found a bug in openchrome. How to enable debug mode?

You must run autogen.sh with debug options, compile and install, like was described above.

     ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr  --enable-debug --enable-xv-debug
 

• I found a patch to Openchrome driver. How can I apply it?

To apply patch go to openchrome source code directory and type command in the following syntax:

     patch -p0 < patch-file-name-here
 

Example:

     patch -p0 < openchrome.patch
 

• My system sometimes freezes with OpenGL applications, games, screensavers, or Wine

This is being caused by a bug in drm. Edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf and disable DRI in the "Module" section.<
> Change

    Section "Module"
        ...
        Load    "dri"
        ...
    EndSection
 

to

    Section "Module"
       ...
       Disable    "dri"
       ...
    EndSection
 

In Ubuntu 8.04 and newer, the xorg.conf file no longer lists all the sections described in the manual page. In this case you can add the "Module" section to the beginning of the file, and your options will override the defaults.<
><
> As a result, you won't have 3D acceleration anymore, but your system won't freeze. Without DRI, all 3D will be software-rendered, which will be very slow, specially for games.<
> This is a sensible solution for those that don't care about desktop effects or games.

• Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex). My system sometimes freezes after loading the Gnome Desktop Manager.

You can try adding the "XaaNoImageWriteRect" option to the "Device" section of /etc/X11/xorg.conf

    Section "Device"
        Driver    "openchrome"
        Option    "XaaNoImageWriteRect"
    EndSection
 

• Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex). My login prompt is not centralised.

In addition to the above "XaaNoImageWriteRect" option, in the Section "Screen" add or modify the SubSection "Display" to include the Virtual setting to suit your screen:

   SubSection "Display"
      Virtual 1280 800
   EndSubSection
 

• My mouse cursor sometimes disappears or is invisible.<
  >

This is known to happen on VIA's K8M800, VN800 and VM800 chipsets, e.g. Axioo Neon TVR 856C / TVR 016C laptops. As a solution, you can try to add "SWCursor" to the options of the "Device" section in /etc/X11/xorg.conf

    Section "Device"
        Driver    "openchrome"
        Option    "SWCursor"    "true"
    EndSection
 

• I installed a kernel update. Now 3D does not work anymore.<
  >

If you manually installed the drm kernel module, you will have to recompile it with the new kernel headers. The procedure is described above.

• When running autogen.sh for the openchrome 2D driver, I get errors like:

    configure.ac: 30: required file `./[config.h].in' not found
    unichrome/Makefile.am:33: via_drv_la_SOURCES defined both conditionally and unconditionally
 

This is due to having multiple versions of automake installed with the wrong version as the default. Run

    sudo update-alternatives --config automake
 

and choose automake-1.9

• I have redraw mistakes on the desktop and in various applications. Lines, icons, and sliders disappear; sometimes they reappear when I move the mouse over it or when I move a window over it and back.

The redraw-issues can be worked around by trying "True", "False", "On", "Off" as values of the "EnableAGPDMA" option of the "Device" section in /etc/xorg.conf

    Section "Device"
        Driver    "openchrome"
        Option    "EnableAGPDMA"    "True"
    EndSection