“UbuntuHelp:NautilusScriptsHowto”的版本间的差异

2007年11月30日 (五) 20:46的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto

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Anchor(Top) The nautilus file manager is extensible through the use of scripts.

Introduction

Purpose

With scripts you can do many things such as :

• make an enhanced "open with"-alike feature (open some files that match a filter in your preferred application
• make a zip of a directory and mail it
• open a terminal in the selected directory
• ...

all of this with a simple right click. Top Back to top

Managing Nautilus scripts

All of your scripts are stored in the Nautilus-scripts folder - so to add a new script, simply place it there. You can find the Nautilus-scripts folder here :

~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts

Top Back to top

Adding scripts

• Open a text editor, copy/paste them into it,and save the script in you nautilus-scripts folder
• name them accordingly to the label you want in the right-click context menu
• make them executable (`chmod +x my_script_name`, or right-click on the script, select properties, then permissions, and give allow it to be executable)

That's it! {i} You will not have a `File->Scripts` nor see a `Scripts` entry in the context menu until you first add files there

Removing scripts

• simply remove them from the nautilus-scripts folder

Setting rights to your scripts

You may need to run some scripts as a root user, this is generally a bad idea, unless you
know what you are doing. Setting appropriate rights can be done thanks to the `chmod` command. Top Back to top

Scripting

What is a script ?

You can place in the nautilus several "scripts", they can be :

• binaries (compiled programs)
• shell scripts (bash, sh ...)
• ...

that is to say basically anything that can be run Top Back to top

Environment variables

Whenever a script is called, nautilus set some variables that can be used in your scripts. These are :

• `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS`

newline-delimited paths for selected files (only if local)

• `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS`

newline-delimited URIs for selected files

• `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI`

current location

• `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_WINDOW_GEOMETRY`

position and size of current window Top Back to top

Sample scripts

Notes: These scripts may be out of date. Use at your own risk

Email the selected file

Top Back to top This one is really useful. How many times have you needed to find a file and then send it? And to be honest, from Evolution or mozilla-thunderbird this is not that simple. It is much easier to use Nautilus to find your file and then send it from there.

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# By John Russell
# This script sends the selected file(s) with your email client.
use strict;
my $MAILTO_URL="mailto:?";
my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS});
my $count = 0;
foreach my $file (@files)
{
if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file )
{
my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file.    \n\n    Only regular files can be mailed.    ","200", "300");
system (@dialog);
	}
	else
	{
	   $MAILTO_URL = $MAILTO_URL . "attach=" . $file . "&";
shift;
	    $count += 1;
	}
}
if ($count > 0)
{
my @command = ("gnome-open", $MAILTO_URL);
system(@command);
}

Added by Darrell: I found that the mailto: syntax in the above does not work with mozilla-thunderbird. I have created the following amended version which seems to work with Thunderbird:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# By John Russell
# and hacked to work with thunderbird by Darrell
# This script sends the selected file(s) with mozilla-thunderbird.
use strict;
my $attach_string="\"attachment='";
my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS});
my $count = 0;
foreach my $file (@files)
{
if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file )
{
my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file. \n\n    Only regular files can be mailed.    ","200", "300");
system (@dialog);
}
else
{
$attach_string = $attach_string . "file://" . $file . ",";
shift;
$count += 1;
}
}
if ($count > 0)
{
$attach_string = $attach_string . "'\"";
# replace spaces with '%20' as demanded by mozilla/thunderbird    
$attach_string =~ s/\s/%20/g;
# invoke shell script to call thunderbird differently depending on whether it's running already or not
my $command = ("~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments " . $attach_string);
system($command);
}

You will see there is also a shell script which is required, (~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments in my example above, don't put it in the nautilus-scripts directory, otherwise it will show up in the context menu):

#!/bin/sh
# if thunderbird is already running open a compose window in the running instance
	    if `ps xc | grep -q mozilla-thunder`; then 
		    exec mozilla-thunderbird -a Mozilla-Thunderbird -remote         "xfeDoCommand(ComposeMessage,$1)"
# else start a new instance with the compose window only
	    else
		    exec mozilla-thunderbird -compose $1 
	    fi

Mount ISO

Top Back to top Mount an ISO image, from Nautilus. Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.

#!/bin/bash
#
#By modprobing loop it makes sure that the module is loaded and ready for 
#use.  If it is already loaded then nothing will happen.
modprobe loop
for I in `echo $*`
do
foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
sudo mount -o loop -t iso9660 $I /media/iso
done
done
exit0

Unmount ISO

Top Back to top Unmount an iso image, from nautilus. Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.

#!/bin/bash
#
for I in `echo $*`
do
foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
sudo umount $I
done
done
exit0

Set file read-only

Top Back to top Change file-permission to read-only.

#!/bin/bash
chmod ugo-wx $*

Edit file with gedit with root-privileges

Top Back to top Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.

#!/bin/bash
#
for I in `echo $*`
do
foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
sudo gedit $I
done
done
exit0

Open Nautilus with root-privileges here

Top Back to top

#!/bin/bash
# root-nautilus-here
# opens a root-enabled instance of a nautilus window in selected location
# requires sudo privileges and gksudo, which may involve security risks.
#Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory.
#
# Placed in the public domain by Shane T. Mueller 2001
# Fixes provided by Doug Nordwall
#
# 2004.04.18 -- [email protected] - Added gksudo usage to provide popup
#               password window if sudo has expired.  Line only echos got
#               root to std output.  But gksudo updates your sudo access
#               privs, so running nautilus with sudo will succeed
#               without asking for a password.
foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for nautilus root access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
sudo nautilus --no-desktop $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI

Run file with root privileges

Top Back to top Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.

#!/bin/bash
#
for I in `echo $*`
do
/usr/bin/gksudo $I
done
done
exit0

Open search window here

Top Back to top

#!/bin/sh
# From Johnathan Bailes
# This script opens a gnome-search-tool in the directory you select.
#
# Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later
#
# Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory.
# You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts.
cd $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
exec gnome-search-tool

Open terminal here

Top Back to top

#!/bin/bash
#
# This script opens a gnome-terminal in the directory you select.
#
# Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later
#
# Install in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts or ~/Nautilus/scripts
# You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts.
# When a directory is selected, go there. Otherwise go to current
# directory. If more than one directory is selected, show error.
if [ -n "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS" ]; then
set $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS
if [ $# -eq 1 ]; then
destination="$1"
# Go to file's directory if it's a file
if [ ! -d "$destination" ]; then
destination="`dirname "$destination"`"
fi
else
zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \
--text="You can only select one directory."
exit 1
fi
else
destination="`echo "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI" | sed 's/^file:\/\///'`"
fi
# It's only possible to go to local directories
if [ -n "`echo "$destination" | grep '^[a-zA-Z0-9]\+:'`" ]; then
zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \
--text="Only local directories can be used."
exit 1
fi
cd "$destination"
exec x-terminal-emulator

Hide or Show Hidden Files

Top Back to top

#!/bin/sh
# When hidden files (.emacs, etc) are hidden, shows "Show Hidden Files" option.
# When hidden files are shown, shows "Hide Hidden Files" option.
# Uses gconf to toggle between the two Nautilus options.
# Should be placed in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/ with executable permission.
OLDSTATE=$(gconftool-2 --get "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files")
if [ "$OLDSTATE" == "false" ] ; then
NEWSTATE="True"
mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files
else
NEWSTATE="False"
mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files
fi
gconftool-2 --set "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files" --type boolean $NEWSTATE

Note: You can do the same without a script by pressing CTRL+H under Nautilus

Top Back to top

Links

• Nautilus_Scripts
• [1]