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{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto}}
 
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:NautilusScriptsHowto}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:NautilusScriptsHowto}}
−
[[Anchor(Top)]]
+
#title Nautilus Scripts Howto
 +
<<Include(Tag/ContentCleanup)>>
 +
<<Anchor(Top)>>
 
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconNautilus.png
 
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconNautilus.png
−
The nautilus file manager is extensible through the use of scripts.
+
The Nautilus file manager is extensible through the use of scripts.
 
== Introduction ==
 
== Introduction ==
 
=== Purpose ===
 
=== Purpose ===
 
With scripts you can do many things such as :
 
With scripts you can do many things such as :
−
* make an enhanced "open with"-alike feature (open some files that match a filter in your preferred application
+
* make an enhanced "open with"-alike feature (open some files that match a filter in your preferred application)
 
* make a zip of a directory and mail it
 
* make a zip of a directory and mail it
 
* open a terminal in the selected directory
 
* open a terminal in the selected directory
 
* ...
 
* ...
 
all of this with a simple right click.
 
all of this with a simple right click.
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
[[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]
 
=== Managing Nautilus scripts ===
 
=== Managing Nautilus scripts ===
 
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=nautilus_folder.png
 
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=nautilus_folder.png
−
All of your scripts are stored in the Nautilus-scripts folder - so to add a new script, simply place it there. You can find the Nautilus-scripts folder here :
+
All of your scripts are stored in the `nautilus-scripts` folder - so to add a new script, simply place it there. You can find the `nautilus-scripts` folder here:
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
     ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts
 
     ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
[[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]
 
==== Adding scripts ====
 
==== Adding scripts ====
−
* Open a text editor, copy/paste them into it, and save the script in you nautilus-scripts folder
+
* Open a text editor, copy/paste them into it, and save the script in your `nautilus-scripts` folder
 
* name them accordingly to the label you want in the right-click context menu
 
* name them accordingly to the label you want in the right-click context menu
 
* make them executable (`chmod +x my_script_name`, or right-click on the script, select properties, then permissions, and give allow it to be executable)
 
* make them executable (`chmod +x my_script_name`, or right-click on the script, select properties, then permissions, and give allow it to be executable)
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{i} You will not have a `File->Scripts` nor see a `Scripts` entry in the context menu until you first add files there
 
{i} You will not have a `File->Scripts` nor see a `Scripts` entry in the context menu until you first add files there
 
==== Removing scripts ====
 
==== Removing scripts ====
−
* simply remove them from the nautilus-scripts folder
+
Simply remove them from the `nautilus-scripts` folder.
 
==== Setting rights to your scripts ====
 
==== Setting rights to your scripts ====
 
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconWarning3.png
 
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconWarning3.png
−
You may need to run some scripts as a root user, this is generally a bad idea, unless you <br> know what you are doing. Setting appropriate rights can be done thanks to the `chmod` command.
+
You may need to run some scripts as a root user.  This is generally a bad idea, unless you know what you are doing. Setting appropriate rights can be done thanks to the `chmod` command.
 
'''''CAUTION-''''' you might want to set the preferences in Nautilus/Gedit/Whatever_else_you_are_opening_as_root so as to let you know instantly whether or not you are currently in the root-application.  i.e. a yellow background in root-gedit and nautilus, instead of the normal white....
 
'''''CAUTION-''''' you might want to set the preferences in Nautilus/Gedit/Whatever_else_you_are_opening_as_root so as to let you know instantly whether or not you are currently in the root-application.  i.e. a yellow background in root-gedit and nautilus, instead of the normal white....
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
[[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]
 
== Scripting ==
 
== Scripting ==
 
=== What is a script ? ===
 
=== What is a script ? ===
−
You can place in the nautilus several "scripts", they can be :
+
Scripts can be
 
* binaries (compiled programs)
 
* binaries (compiled programs)
 
* shell scripts (bash, sh ...)
 
* shell scripts (bash, sh ...)
 
* ...
 
* ...
 
that is to say basically anything that can be run
 
that is to say basically anything that can be run
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
[[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]
 
=== Environment variables ===
 
=== Environment variables ===
−
Whenever a script is called, nautilus set some variables that can be used in your scripts. These are :  
+
Whenever a script is called, Nautilus sets some variables that can be used in your scripts. These are:  
 
* `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS`
 
* `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS`
 
newline-delimited paths for selected files (only if local)
 
newline-delimited paths for selected files (only if local)
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* `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_WINDOW_GEOMETRY`
 
* `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_WINDOW_GEOMETRY`
 
position and size of current window  
 
position and size of current window  
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
[[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]
−
== Sample scripts ==
+
----
−
'''Notes: These scripts may be out of date. Use at your own risk'''
+
[[UbuntuHelp:NautilusScriptsHowto/SampleScripts|Sample Scripts]]  
−
=== Email the selected file ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
This one is really useful. How many times have you needed to find a file and then send it? And to be honest, from Evolution or mozilla-thunderbird this is not that simple. It is much easier to use Nautilus to find your file and then send it from there.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/usr/bin/perl -w
+
−
    # By John Russell
+
−
 
+
−
    # This script sends the selected file(s) with your email client.
+
−
 
+
−
    use strict;
+
−
 
+
−
    my $MAILTO_URL="mailto:?";
+
−
    my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS});
+
−
    my $count = 0;
+
−
    foreach my $file (@files)
+
−
    {
+
−
        if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file )
+
−
        {
+
−
            my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file.    \n\n    Only regular files can be mailed.    ","200", "300");
+
−
            system (@dialog);
+
−
    }
+
−
    else
+
−
    {
+
−
      $MAILTO_URL = $MAILTO_URL . "attach=" . $file . "&";
+
−
              shift;
+
−
        $count += 1;
+
−
    }
+
−
    }
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
    if ($count > 0)
+
−
    {
+
−
        my @command = ("gnome-open", $MAILTO_URL);
+
−
        system(@command);
+
−
    }
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Added by Darrell: I found that the mailto: syntax in the above does not work with mozilla-thunderbird. I have created the following amended version which seems to work with Thunderbird:
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/usr/bin/perl -w
+
−
    # By John Russell
+
−
    # and hacked to work with thunderbird by Darrell
+
−
 
+
−
    # This script sends the selected file(s) with mozilla-thunderbird.
+
−
 
+
−
    use strict;
+
−
 
+
−
    my $attach_string="\"attachment='";
+
−
    my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS});
+
−
    my $count = 0;
+
−
    foreach my $file (@files)
+
−
    {
+
−
        if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file )
+
−
        {
+
−
            my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file. \n\n    Only regular files can be mailed.    ","200", "300");
+
−
            system (@dialog);
+
−
        }
+
−
        else
+
−
        {
+
−
          $attach_string = $attach_string . "file://" . $file . ",";
+
−
              shift;
+
−
            $count += 1;
+
−
        }
+
−
    }
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
    if ($count > 0)
+
−
    {
+
−
        $attach_string = $attach_string . "'\"";
+
−
    # replace spaces with '%20' as demanded by mozilla/thunderbird   
+
−
        $attach_string =~ s/\s/%20/g;
+
−
    # invoke shell script to call thunderbird differently depending on whether it's running already or not
+
−
        my $command = ("~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments " . $attach_string);
+
−
        system($command);
+
−
    }
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
You will see there is also a shell script which is required, (~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments in my example above, don't put it in the nautilus-scripts directory, otherwise it will show up in the context menu):
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/sh
+
−
 
+
−
    # if thunderbird is already running open a compose window in the running instance
+
−
 
+
−
    if `ps xc | grep -q mozilla-thunder`; then
+
−
    exec mozilla-thunderbird -a Mozilla-Thunderbird -remote        "xfeDoCommand(ComposeMessage,$1)"
+
−
 
+
−
    # else start a new instance with the compose window only
+
−
 
+
−
    else
+
−
    exec mozilla-thunderbird -compose $1
+
−
    fi
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Mount ISO ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
Mount an ISO image, from Nautilus. Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/bash
+
−
    #
+
−
    #By modprobing loop it makes sure that the module is loaded and ready for
+
−
    #use.  If it is already loaded then nothing will happen.
+
−
    modprobe loop
+
−
    for I in `echo $*`
+
−
    do
+
−
      foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
+
−
    sudo mount -o loop -t iso9660 $I /media/iso
+
−
      done
+
−
    done
+
−
    exit0
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Unmount ISO ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
Unmount an iso image, from nautilus. Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/bash
+
−
    #
+
−
    for I in `echo $*`
+
−
    do
+
−
      foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
+
−
    sudo umount $I
+
−
      done
+
−
    done
+
−
    exit0
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Set file read-only ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
Change file-permission to read-only.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/bash
+
−
 
+
−
    chmod ugo-wx $*
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Edit file with gedit with root-privileges ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/bash
+
−
    #
+
−
    for I in `echo $*`
+
−
    do
+
−
      foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
+
−
    sudo gedit $I
+
−
      done
+
−
    done
+
−
    exit0
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Note from blazoner - A much simpler alternative that works with filenames containing spaces is:
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/sh
+
−
    gksudo "gedit $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS"
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Open Nautilus with root-privileges here ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/bash
+
−
    # root-nautilus-here
+
−
    # opens a root-enabled instance of a nautilus window in selected location
+
−
    # requires sudo privileges and gksudo, which may involve security risks.
+
−
    #Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory.
+
−
    #
+
−
    # Placed in the public domain by Shane T. Mueller 2001
+
−
    # Fixes provided by Doug Nordwall
+
−
    #
+
−
    # 2004.04.18 -- [email protected] - Added gksudo usage to provide popup
+
−
    #              password window if sudo has expired.  Line only echos got
+
−
    #              root to std output.  But gksudo updates your sudo access
+
−
    #              privs, so running nautilus with sudo will succeed
+
−
    #              without asking for a password.
+
−
   
+
−
   
+
−
    foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for nautilus root access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`
+
−
    sudo nautilus --no-desktop $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Note from blazoner - A much simpler alternative:
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/sh
+
−
    ### root-nautilus-here
+
−
    gksudo "nautilus --no-desktop $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI"
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Run file with root privileges ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
Note from carney1979 - this script will be updated to work with filenames containing spaces soon.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/bash
+
−
    #
+
−
    for I in `echo $*`
+
−
    do
+
−
      /usr/bin/gksudo $I
+
−
      done
+
−
    done
+
−
    exit0
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Note from blazoner - A much simpler alternative that works with filenames containing spaces and also opens folders (in nautilus) as root is:
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/sh
+
−
    gksudo "gnome-open $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS"
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Open search window here ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/sh
+
−
    # From Johnathan Bailes
+
−
    # This script opens a gnome-search-tool in the directory you select.
+
−
    #
+
−
    # Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later
+
−
    #
+
−
    # Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory.
+
−
    # You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts.
+
−
   
+
−
    cd $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
+
−
    exec gnome-search-tool
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Open terminal here ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/bash
+
−
    #
+
−
    # This script opens a gnome-terminal in the directory you select.
+
−
    #
+
−
    # Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later
+
−
    #
+
−
    # Install in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts or ~/Nautilus/scripts
+
−
    # You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts.
+
−
   
+
−
    # When a directory is selected, go there. Otherwise go to current
+
−
    # directory. If more than one directory is selected, show error.
+
−
    if [ -n "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS" ]; then
+
−
        set $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS
+
−
        if [ $# -eq 1 ]; then
+
−
            destination="$1"
+
−
            # Go to file's directory if it's a file
+
−
            if [ ! -d "$destination" ]; then
+
−
                destination="`dirname "$destination"`"
+
−
            fi
+
−
        else
+
−
            zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \
+
−
              --text="You can only select one directory."
+
−
            exit 1
+
−
        fi
+
−
    else
+
−
        destination="`echo "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI" | sed 's/^file:\/\///'`"
+
−
    fi
+
−
   
+
−
    # It's only possible to go to local directories
+
−
    if [ -n "`echo "$destination" | grep '^[a-zA-Z0-9]\+:'`" ]; then
+
−
        zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \
+
−
          --text="Only local directories can be used."
+
−
        exit 1
+
−
    fi
+
−
   
+
−
    cd "$destination"
+
−
    exec x-terminal-emulator
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
=== Hide or Show Hidden Files ===
+
−
[[Top Back to top]]
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
    #!/bin/sh
+
−
    # When hidden files (.emacs, etc) are hidden, shows "Show Hidden Files" option.
+
−
    # When hidden files are shown, shows "Hide Hidden Files" option.
+
−
    # Uses gconf to toggle between the two Nautilus options.
+
−
    # Should be placed in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/ with executable permission.
+
−
    OLDSTATE=$(gconftool-2 --get "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files")
+
−
    if [ "$OLDSTATE" == "false" ] ; then
+
−
      NEWSTATE="True"
+
−
      mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files
+
−
    else
+
−
      NEWSTATE="False"
+
−
      mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files
+
−
    fi
+
−
    gconftool-2 --set "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files" --type boolean $NEWSTATE
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Note:  You can do the same without a script by pressing CTRL+H under Nautilus
+
 
----
 
----
−
[[Top Back to top]]
 
 
== Links ==
 
== Links ==
−
* [[UbuntuWiki:Nautilus_Scripts|Nautilus_Scripts]]
+
* [[UbuntuHelp:Nautilus_Scripts|Nautilus_Scripts]]
 
* [http://g-scripts.sourceforge.net/]
 
* [http://g-scripts.sourceforge.net/]
 
* [http://mundogeek.net/nautilus-scripts/]
 
* [http://mundogeek.net/nautilus-scripts/]
−
[[category:CategoryDocumentation]] [[category:CategoryCleanup]]
+
----
 +
[[category:CategorySoftwareDefault]] [[category:Category]] Software
  
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]

2010年5月19日 (三) 23:42的最新版本

Geographylogo.png 文章出处: 

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto

Geographylogo.png 点击翻译: 

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

  1. title Nautilus Scripts Howto

<<Include(Tag/ContentCleanup)>> <<Anchor(Top)>> IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconNautilus.png The Nautilus file manager is extensible through the use of scripts.

Introduction

Purpose

With scripts you can do many things such as :

  • make an enhanced "open with"-alike feature (open some files that match a filter in your preferred application)
  • make a zip of a directory and mail it
  • open a terminal in the selected directory
  • ...

all of this with a simple right click. [[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]

Managing Nautilus scripts

NautilusScriptsHowto?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=nautilus_folder.png All of your scripts are stored in the `nautilus-scripts` folder - so to add a new script, simply place it there. You can find the `nautilus-scripts` folder here: 

     ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts

[[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]

Adding scripts

  • Open a text editor, copy/paste them into it, and save the script in your `nautilus-scripts` folder
  • name them accordingly to the label you want in the right-click context menu
  • make them executable (`chmod +x my_script_name`, or right-click on the script, select properties, then permissions, and give allow it to be executable)

That's it! {i} You will not have a `File->Scripts` nor see a `Scripts` entry in the context menu until you first add files there

Removing scripts

Simply remove them from the `nautilus-scripts` folder.

Setting rights to your scripts

IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconWarning3.png You may need to run some scripts as a root user. This is generally a bad idea, unless you know what you are doing. Setting appropriate rights can be done thanks to the `chmod` command. CAUTION- you might want to set the preferences in Nautilus/Gedit/Whatever_else_you_are_opening_as_root so as to let you know instantly whether or not you are currently in the root-application. i.e. a yellow background in root-gedit and nautilus, instead of the normal white.... [[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]

Scripting

What is a script ?

Scripts can be

  • binaries (compiled programs)
  • shell scripts (bash, sh ...)
  • ...

that is to say basically anything that can be run [[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]

Environment variables

Whenever a script is called, Nautilus sets some variables that can be used in your scripts. These are:

  • `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS`

newline-delimited paths for selected files (only if local)

  • `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS`

newline-delimited URIs for selected files

  • `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI`

current location

  • `NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_WINDOW_GEOMETRY`

position and size of current window [[UbuntuHelp:[Top|Back to top]]]

Sample Scripts

Links

Software
取自“https://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?title=UbuntuHelp:NautilusScriptsHowto&oldid=139187”