UbuntuHelp:LinuxFilesystemTreeOverview
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"Linux systems organized files in a hierarchical filesystem tree, relationships are thought of in teams of children and parent. Here, a parent may have multiple children, but a child can only have one parent. In Ubuntu, root filesystem (/) become a parent, and then travel down into directories and subdirectories, so matter how many directories do you have, they only always have one parent (/)."
Ubuntu GNU/Linux Filesystem Tree Overview
-/ |--/bin |--/boot |--/cdrom |--/dev |--/etc |--/initrd |--/home | |--/home/sweet | |--/home/user |--/lib |--/lost+found |--/media | |--/media/cdrom | |--/media/hda* |--/mnt |--/opt |--/proc |--/root |--/sbin |--/srv | |--/srv/www |--/sys |--/tmp |--/usr | |--/usr/bin | |--/usr/doc | |--/usr/games | |--/usr/include | |--/usr/info | |--/usr/lib | |--/usr/local | |--/usr/sbin | |--/usr/share | |--/usr/src | |--/usr/X11R6 |--/var |--/var/log
What's in a Name?
/bin Is a place for most common use Linux program, like ls, mount, rm, and chmod.
/boot Store Linux kernel, a ramdisk image and bootloader configuration files (Lilo or Grub).
/dev For device files, these include hard disk(/dev/hda*), RAM(/dev/ram), CD-ROM(dev/cdrom) and terminal devices(/dev/tty).
/etc Contains configuration files for administration task. Some of files, such as passwd file, apache config, network config store in /etc.
/home Home sweet home, place for users' home directories.
/lib Contains very important dynamic libraries and place for kernel modules
/lost+found Some trash goes here!
/media Directory for mounting devices, such as external hard disk or removeable media (floppy, cdrom, dvdrom).
/mnt Same as /media, use to mounting devices, Since Breezy Ubuntu doesn't use /mnt as a default mounting directory, they move into /media.
/opt Use to store addition software for your system.
/proc A virtual filesystem that provides a mechanism for kernel to send information to processes.
/root The root user's home directory
/sbin Contains important administrative programs also daemon processes.
/srv The data directories of services such as HTTP (/srv/www)or FTP server.
/sys A /proc like file systems.
/tmp Place for temporary files used by applications.
/usr System resources, contains subdirectories such as /usr/bin, /usr/lib, /usr/share, /usr/include and /usr/doc.
/var Contains Directories of variable data that change rapidly. Inside there important subdirectory /var/log that manages logfiles of your system.
