“UbuntuHelp:Installation/SystemRequirements”的版本间的差异
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{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Installation/SystemRequirements}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Installation/SystemRequirements}} | ||
#title Ubuntu System Requirements | #title Ubuntu System Requirements | ||
| − | + | This page details the hardware required to run '''Ubuntu''' and its derivative versions. | |
| − | This page details the hardware required to run '''Ubuntu | + | Most people will want to install a desktop system such as '''Ubuntu''', '''Kubuntu''', or '''Xubuntu'''. A desktop system is typically used for personal computing tasks and has a graphical user interface (GUI), while a server system typically has a command-line interface (CLI). |
| − | + | == Recommended Minimum System Requirements == | |
| − | + | The '''Recommended Minimum System Requirements''' should allow you to run an installation of Ubuntu well. While you can usually run Ubuntu on hardware of lower (and sometimes much lower) specification, performance will necessarily suffer. Most users (''especially'' those new to Ubuntu) risk frustration if they ignore these suggestions. | |
| − | == | + | === Ubuntu Desktop (GUI) Installation === |
| − | + | * 1 GHz x86 processor | |
| − | === | + | * 512 MiB of system memory (RAM) |
| + | * 5 GB of disk space | ||
| + | * Graphics card and monitor capable of 1024x768 | ||
| + | * CD-ROM drive | ||
| + | * ''Sound support'' | ||
| + | * ''Internet access'' | ||
| + | The first 1GHz processors were released in 2000, effectively meaning that computers manufactured prior to that will not normally be suitable for installation of Ubuntu in a GUI capacity (see below for information regarding Xubuntu however, which has lower system requirements). Even so, this represents a '''huge''' pool of old machines: there is a good chance that even systems originally preloaded with ''Windows ME'' can run Ubuntu (though in such cases the RAM usually needs to be upgraded to the level described above). Used systems which are newer than that (e.g. which originally shipped preinstalled with Windows 2000, XP, Vista, x86 OS X, etc.) will almost certainly run. So long as they meet the Recommended Minimum System Requirements, even those on the older end of this spectrum, perhaps gathering dust in a closet or crippled by malware, can have new life breathed into them; once refurbished they definitely will work quite well for basic tasks such as playing music, web browsing, e-mail, document editing, etc. Rather than discarding or recycling such systems as they approach the end of their usable/supported life, please consider reuse with Ubuntu! | ||
| + | '''Note:''' All 64-bit (x86-64) CPUs (first released in 2003) should be fast enough to run Ubuntu and can run the 32-bit (x86) version; for an optimized installation (and especially for those wishing to run more than ~3 GiB of RAM) however, a 64-bit installation CD is available. | ||
| + | See also https://help.ubuntu.com/9.10/installation-guide/i386/minimum-hardware-reqts.html | ||
| + | ==== Visual Effects ==== | ||
| + | ''Visual effects'' provide various ''optional'' special graphical effects for your desktop to make it look and feel more fun and easier to use. Even if your computer is powerful enough to run visual effects, you can turn them off and will still have a usable Ubuntu desktop system. | ||
| + | Visual effects are turned on by default if you have a GPU (graphics card or integrated chipset) which is supported. Supported GPU manufacturers: | ||
| + | * ATI (some may require the '''proprietary''' fglrx driver) | ||
| + | * Intel (i915 or better, '''except''' GMA 500, aka "Poulsbo") | ||
| + | * NVidia (with their '''proprietary''' driver) | ||
| + | For more information on supported graphics cards, see [[UbuntuHelp:DesktopEffects|DesktopEffects]]. | ||
| + | === Ubuntu Server (CLI) Installation === | ||
* 300 MHz x86 processor | * 300 MHz x86 processor | ||
| − | * | + | * 128 MiB of system memory (RAM) |
| − | * | + | * 1 GB of disk space |
| − | * | + | * Graphics card and monitor capable of 640x480 |
* CD-ROM drive | * CD-ROM drive | ||
| − | + | See also https://help.ubuntu.com/9.10/serverguide/C/preparing-to-install.html | |
| − | + | and old spec https://help.ubuntu.com/7.04/installation-guide/i386/minimum-hardware-reqts.html | |
| − | + | == Lightweight GUI alternative (Xubuntu) == | |
| − | + | If you have an old or low-spec computer or want to get the most out of your hardware, using a lightweight desktop system such as '''Xubuntu''' is recommended, as it should make more efficient use of your system's resources. Of course, even if you have the newest equipment out, you could still use Xubuntu. | |
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| − | If you have an old or low-spec computer, using a lightweight desktop system such as '''Xubuntu''' is recommended, as it should make more efficient use of your system's resources. | + | |
If your system has less than 192 MB of system memory, use the ''Alternate Installation CD''. | If your system has less than 192 MB of system memory, use the ''Alternate Installation CD''. | ||
'''Note:''' If you have a low-specification computer, certain features may be automatically turned off to conserve system resources. For example, if you have a graphics card with only a small amount of video memory (VRAM), the boot-up screen may not be shown. | '''Note:''' If you have a low-specification computer, certain features may be automatically turned off to conserve system resources. For example, if you have a graphics card with only a small amount of video memory (VRAM), the boot-up screen may not be shown. | ||
| − | + | Follow this link for detailed instructions: [[UbuntuHelp:Installation/LowMemorySystems|Installation/LowMemorySystems]]. | |
| − | + | Minimum system requirements for Xubuntu would fall roughly between Ubuntu Server and Desktop: | |
| − | + | * 256 MiB of system memory (RAM) | |
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* 2 GB of disk space | * 2 GB of disk space | ||
| − | * Graphics card | + | * Graphics card and monitor capable of 800x600 resolution |
| − | == | + | Regarding processors, a recent thread on the Ubuntu Forums describes a 500 MHz Xubuntu machine as being "too slow" and discusses alternatives: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1267443 |
| − | + | == Ubuntu Netbook Edition == | |
| − | * | + | If you have a netbook and a supported graphics card, using '''Ubuntu Netbook Edition''' (formerly "Ubuntu Netbook Remix") is an interesting option. It has a nice interface adapted for smaller screens, and a selection of applications aimed at netbook users. |
| − | * | + | Ubuntu Netbook Remix is designed to run well on netbooks with typically minimal specs, i.e.: |
| − | * | + | * Intel Atom processor @ 1.6 GHz |
| + | * 512 MiB of system memory (RAM) | ||
| + | * 4 GB of disk space | ||
| + | * Screen of 1024x600 resolution | ||
| + | * Graphics chipset with support for visual effects | ||
== LTSP thin-client computers == | == LTSP thin-client computers == | ||
If you are intending to use a computer as a thin client (such as a client for an '''Edubuntu LTSP Terminal Server'''), only a low-specification computer capable of displaying graphics and connecting to a network is required. | If you are intending to use a computer as a thin client (such as a client for an '''Edubuntu LTSP Terminal Server'''), only a low-specification computer capable of displaying graphics and connecting to a network is required. | ||
| − | + | Follow this link for more information: [[UbuntuHelp:HowToCookEdubuntu/Chapters/HardwareRequirements|HowToCookEdubuntu/Chapters/HardwareRequirements]]. | |
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[[category:UbuntuHelp]] | [[category:UbuntuHelp]] | ||
2010年5月19日 (三) 22:52的最新版本
- title Ubuntu System Requirements
This page details the hardware required to run Ubuntu and its derivative versions. Most people will want to install a desktop system such as Ubuntu, Kubuntu, or Xubuntu. A desktop system is typically used for personal computing tasks and has a graphical user interface (GUI), while a server system typically has a command-line interface (CLI).
目录
Recommended Minimum System Requirements
The Recommended Minimum System Requirements should allow you to run an installation of Ubuntu well. While you can usually run Ubuntu on hardware of lower (and sometimes much lower) specification, performance will necessarily suffer. Most users (especially those new to Ubuntu) risk frustration if they ignore these suggestions.
Ubuntu Desktop (GUI) Installation
- 1 GHz x86 processor
- 512 MiB of system memory (RAM)
- 5 GB of disk space
- Graphics card and monitor capable of 1024x768
- CD-ROM drive
- Sound support
- Internet access
The first 1GHz processors were released in 2000, effectively meaning that computers manufactured prior to that will not normally be suitable for installation of Ubuntu in a GUI capacity (see below for information regarding Xubuntu however, which has lower system requirements). Even so, this represents a huge pool of old machines: there is a good chance that even systems originally preloaded with Windows ME can run Ubuntu (though in such cases the RAM usually needs to be upgraded to the level described above). Used systems which are newer than that (e.g. which originally shipped preinstalled with Windows 2000, XP, Vista, x86 OS X, etc.) will almost certainly run. So long as they meet the Recommended Minimum System Requirements, even those on the older end of this spectrum, perhaps gathering dust in a closet or crippled by malware, can have new life breathed into them; once refurbished they definitely will work quite well for basic tasks such as playing music, web browsing, e-mail, document editing, etc. Rather than discarding or recycling such systems as they approach the end of their usable/supported life, please consider reuse with Ubuntu! Note: All 64-bit (x86-64) CPUs (first released in 2003) should be fast enough to run Ubuntu and can run the 32-bit (x86) version; for an optimized installation (and especially for those wishing to run more than ~3 GiB of RAM) however, a 64-bit installation CD is available. See also https://help.ubuntu.com/9.10/installation-guide/i386/minimum-hardware-reqts.html
Visual Effects
Visual effects provide various optional special graphical effects for your desktop to make it look and feel more fun and easier to use. Even if your computer is powerful enough to run visual effects, you can turn them off and will still have a usable Ubuntu desktop system. Visual effects are turned on by default if you have a GPU (graphics card or integrated chipset) which is supported. Supported GPU manufacturers:
- ATI (some may require the proprietary fglrx driver)
- Intel (i915 or better, except GMA 500, aka "Poulsbo")
- NVidia (with their proprietary driver)
For more information on supported graphics cards, see DesktopEffects.
Ubuntu Server (CLI) Installation
- 300 MHz x86 processor
- 128 MiB of system memory (RAM)
- 1 GB of disk space
- Graphics card and monitor capable of 640x480
- CD-ROM drive
See also https://help.ubuntu.com/9.10/serverguide/C/preparing-to-install.html and old spec https://help.ubuntu.com/7.04/installation-guide/i386/minimum-hardware-reqts.html
Lightweight GUI alternative (Xubuntu)
If you have an old or low-spec computer or want to get the most out of your hardware, using a lightweight desktop system such as Xubuntu is recommended, as it should make more efficient use of your system's resources. Of course, even if you have the newest equipment out, you could still use Xubuntu. If your system has less than 192 MB of system memory, use the Alternate Installation CD. Note: If you have a low-specification computer, certain features may be automatically turned off to conserve system resources. For example, if you have a graphics card with only a small amount of video memory (VRAM), the boot-up screen may not be shown. Follow this link for detailed instructions: Installation/LowMemorySystems. Minimum system requirements for Xubuntu would fall roughly between Ubuntu Server and Desktop:
- 256 MiB of system memory (RAM)
- 2 GB of disk space
- Graphics card and monitor capable of 800x600 resolution
Regarding processors, a recent thread on the Ubuntu Forums describes a 500 MHz Xubuntu machine as being "too slow" and discusses alternatives: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1267443
Ubuntu Netbook Edition
If you have a netbook and a supported graphics card, using Ubuntu Netbook Edition (formerly "Ubuntu Netbook Remix") is an interesting option. It has a nice interface adapted for smaller screens, and a selection of applications aimed at netbook users. Ubuntu Netbook Remix is designed to run well on netbooks with typically minimal specs, i.e.:
- Intel Atom processor @ 1.6 GHz
- 512 MiB of system memory (RAM)
- 4 GB of disk space
- Screen of 1024x600 resolution
- Graphics chipset with support for visual effects
LTSP thin-client computers
If you are intending to use a computer as a thin client (such as a client for an Edubuntu LTSP Terminal Server), only a low-specification computer capable of displaying graphics and connecting to a network is required. Follow this link for more information: HowToCookEdubuntu/Chapters/HardwareRequirements.
