“UbuntuHelp:GrubHowto/BootFloppy”的版本间的差异
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小 （New page: {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GrubHowto/BootFloppy}} {{Languages|php5}} '''Making a GRUB boot floppy.''' GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) is the boot manager installed by defaul...） |
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{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GrubHowto/BootFloppy}} | {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GrubHowto/BootFloppy}} | ||
| − | {{Languages| | + | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:GrubHowto/BootFloppy}} |
'''Making a GRUB boot floppy.''' | '''Making a GRUB boot floppy.''' | ||
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GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) is the boot manager installed by default in recent versions of Ubuntu Linux. It is an effort by the GNU project to provide a bootloader that supports the greatest number of operating systems. This document explains how to make a boot floppy that can either boot an installed operating system or present you with a GRUB command shell so that you can enter commands directly. It assumes that you are making the diskette on an Ubuntu Linux box. | GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) is the boot manager installed by default in recent versions of Ubuntu Linux. It is an effort by the GNU project to provide a bootloader that supports the greatest number of operating systems. This document explains how to make a boot floppy that can either boot an installed operating system or present you with a GRUB command shell so that you can enter commands directly. It assumes that you are making the diskette on an Ubuntu Linux box. | ||
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1. Obtain root privileges. | 1. Obtain root privileges. | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| − | + | sudo -s </nowiki></pre> | |
| + | 2. Format the floppy with the ext2 filesystem: | ||
| + | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | mke2fs /dev/fd0 </nowiki></pre> | ||
3. Mount the floppy and copy the files that GRUB needs to make it bootable: | 3. Mount the floppy and copy the files that GRUB needs to make it bootable: | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
mount /dev/fd0 /media/floppy | mount /dev/fd0 /media/floppy | ||
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mkdir /media/floppy/boot/grub | mkdir /media/floppy/boot/grub | ||
cd /boot/grub | cd /boot/grub | ||
| − | cp stage1 stage2 /media/floppy/boot/grub </nowiki></ | + | cp stage1 stage2 /media/floppy/boot/grub </nowiki></pre> |
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If you want to boot the operating system already installed on the | If you want to boot the operating system already installed on the | ||
machine you are making the floppy from, also copy | machine you are making the floppy from, also copy | ||
/boot/grub/menu.lst and /boot/grub/device.map to the corresponding | /boot/grub/menu.lst and /boot/grub/device.map to the corresponding | ||
directories on the floppy. | directories on the floppy. | ||
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4. Unmount the floppy (umount /dev/fd0), then start GRUB in | 4. Unmount the floppy (umount /dev/fd0), then start GRUB in | ||
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interactive mode by typing grub. You will see the GRUB command | interactive mode by typing grub. You will see the GRUB command | ||
prompt (grub >). Enter these commands: | prompt (grub >). Enter these commands: | ||
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root (fd0) | root (fd0) | ||
setup (fd0) | setup (fd0) | ||
| − | quit </nowiki></ | + | quit </nowiki></pre> |
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5. At this point, you have a bootable floppy. If you added the extra | 5. At this point, you have a bootable floppy. If you added the extra | ||
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files mentioned above, you should get a standard GRUB screen when | files mentioned above, you should get a standard GRUB screen when | ||
you boot from it, just as if you had booted from the | you boot from it, just as if you had booted from the | ||
hard drive. | hard drive. | ||
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6. If you want to be extra cautious, you can save a copy of the current | 6. If you want to be extra cautious, you can save a copy of the current | ||
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machine's master boot record to a file on the floppy. The following | machine's master boot record to a file on the floppy. The following | ||
example assumes the master boot record is on device hda; the file containing | example assumes the master boot record is on device hda; the file containing | ||
the boot record is named boot.mbr. | the boot record is named boot.mbr. | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| − | dd if=/dev/hda of=/media/floppy/boot.mbr bs=512 count=1 </nowiki></ | + | dd if=/dev/hda of=/media/floppy/boot.mbr bs=512 count=1 </nowiki></pre> |
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To restore it, you would just reverse the parameters of the dd | To restore it, you would just reverse the parameters of the dd | ||
command: | command: | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| − | dd if=/media/floppy/boot.mbr of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 </nowiki></ | + | dd if=/media/floppy/boot.mbr of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 </nowiki></pre> |
| − | + | '''Boot a floppy image without a floppy drive.''' | |
| − | + | Some computers don't have a floppy drive and can't boot from a CD-ROM. One way of getting the CD to boot is | |
| + | from a bootloader floppy image. You'll need the memdisk file from the syslinux package. To get it run | ||
| + | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | sudo apt-get install syslinux </nowiki></pre> | ||
| + | Copy the memdisk file to the grub folder | ||
| + | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | sudo cp /usr/lib/syslinux/memdisk /boot/grub/ </nowiki></pre> | ||
| + | There is a floppy image on the *ubuntu CD that can be used if you don't feel like making one. Mount the CD | ||
| + | and copy it to the grub folder as well. | ||
| + | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | sudo cp /<cd_mountpoint>/install/sbm.bin /boot/grub/ </nowiki></pre> | ||
| + | Next you have to make some changes to /boot/grub/menu.lst. Open it as root and add | ||
| + | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | title Floppy Image | ||
| + | kernel /boot/grub/memdisk | ||
| + | initrd /boot/grub/sbm.bin </nowiki></pre> | ||
| + | above "title Ubuntu x.xx, memtest86+". Save the changes. Now you should be able to boot the floppy image | ||
| + | without a floppy drive and boot from the CD. | ||
[[category:UbuntuHelp]] | [[category:UbuntuHelp]] | ||
2009年5月12日 (二) 17:01的最新版本
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Making a GRUB boot floppy. GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader) is the boot manager installed by default in recent versions of Ubuntu Linux. It is an effort by the GNU project to provide a bootloader that supports the greatest number of operating systems. This document explains how to make a boot floppy that can either boot an installed operating system or present you with a GRUB command shell so that you can enter commands directly. It assumes that you are making the diskette on an Ubuntu Linux box. 1. Obtain root privileges.
sudo -s
2. Format the floppy with the ext2 filesystem:
mke2fs /dev/fd0
3. Mount the floppy and copy the files that GRUB needs to make it bootable:
mount /dev/fd0 /media/floppy mkdir /media/floppy/boot mkdir /media/floppy/boot/grub cd /boot/grub cp stage1 stage2 /media/floppy/boot/grub
If you want to boot the operating system already installed on the machine you are making the floppy from, also copy /boot/grub/menu.lst and /boot/grub/device.map to the corresponding directories on the floppy. 4. Unmount the floppy (umount /dev/fd0), then start GRUB in
interactive mode by typing grub. You will see the GRUB command prompt (grub >). Enter these commands:
device (fd0) /dev/fd0 root (fd0) setup (fd0) quit
5. At this point, you have a bootable floppy. If you added the extra
files mentioned above, you should get a standard GRUB screen when you boot from it, just as if you had booted from the hard drive. 6. If you want to be extra cautious, you can save a copy of the current
machine's master boot record to a file on the floppy. The following example assumes the master boot record is on device hda; the file containing the boot record is named boot.mbr.
dd if=/dev/hda of=/media/floppy/boot.mbr bs=512 count=1
To restore it, you would just reverse the parameters of the dd command:
dd if=/media/floppy/boot.mbr of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1
Boot a floppy image without a floppy drive. Some computers don't have a floppy drive and can't boot from a CD-ROM. One way of getting the CD to boot is from a bootloader floppy image. You'll need the memdisk file from the syslinux package. To get it run
sudo apt-get install syslinux
Copy the memdisk file to the grub folder
sudo cp /usr/lib/syslinux/memdisk /boot/grub/
There is a floppy image on the *ubuntu CD that can be used if you don't feel like making one. Mount the CD and copy it to the grub folder as well.
sudo cp /<cd_mountpoint>/install/sbm.bin /boot/grub/
Next you have to make some changes to /boot/grub/menu.lst. Open it as root and add
title Floppy Image kernel /boot/grub/memdisk initrd /boot/grub/sbm.bin
above "title Ubuntu x.xx, memtest86+". Save the changes. Now you should be able to boot the floppy image without a floppy drive and boot from the CD.
