“UbuntuHelp:Firewire”的版本间的差异

2009年5月12日 (二) 16:48的版本

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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Firewire

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Capturing video over Firewire

Introduction

This page explains how how to capture a Digital Video (DV) stream over IEEE1394 (Firewire) hardware with the Kino Video Editor.

Disclaimer

This section on using IEEE1394 is not written by a hardware expert, it probably contains mistakes, if you know something is wrong or missing please help improve this page for the next person by correcting it. DuncanLithgow

Requirements

Hardware

If your computer has no Firewire ports you can buy a PCI expansion card or PC Card. Be sure to check that your system's BIOS will support the card. You can ask for help at https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu

Software

Most Linux distributions, including Ubuntu, do not support file transfer via Firewire by default, so you will need some extra software. The dvgrab package uses a device file (also known as a node) in to act as an interface between your camera and video editor (in this case Kino) over the Firewire port. When you connect your camera and turn it on, the udev package should create one or more of the device files/nodes needed. The device file will be one of the following:

/dev/dv1394/0 (gives access to Firewire for video capture but not to the camera's controls)
/dev/raw1394 (gives raw access to Firewire and allows access to your cameras controls, but possesses a security risk)

Capturing DV over Firewire

Once your prefered is ready capture should work as follows: 1.#1 You plug in you DV camera, turn it on a press play 1.#1 udev detects the change and creates the required device nodes for communication with your camera. 1.#1 Start Kino and switch to the 'Capture' tab. Kino sees the device nodes are created and that you have permission to use them. Once Kino has seen the camera you can rewind your camera to the beginning of the tape again.

Troubleshooting

If Ubuntu doesn't automatically create a device node you can force their creation by typing the following in a Terminal:

gksudo modprobe raw1394 dv1394

This guide assumes you want to use /dev/dv1394/0, as this is the preferred method in Ubuntu as discussed in Launchpad Bug# 6290 An alternative, if you are able and it is safe, is to run Kino as root with the following command in a Terminal:

gksudo kino

If these tips do not work please file a bug in launchpad against Kino.

Before Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy)

Some versions of Kino from before Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy) may try /dev/raw1394 by default, which will fail for a normal user. You will see the error:

WARNING: raw1394 kernel module not loaded or failure to read/write /dev/raw1394!

Which is not a bug, it's a security feature which you can read about in an email about firewire security from Scott James Remnant. The easiest way around this for a user who is also the administrator of the computer is to run Kino from the command line as root. Changing permission to allow normal users access to /dev/raw1394

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

This version of Ubuntu and Kino only works for /dev/raw1394 - only available to root users. Connect and start your camera, start Kino as root and switch to the 'Capture' tab.

Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron)

For this release Kino has changed thier setup so that use of /dev/dv1394/0 is not enabled by default. Instead /dev/raw1394 is prefered. Because of this change Kino has been compiled incorrectly for use in Ubuntu, and only works for /dev/raw1394 - only available to root users. A correctly compiled version is available here: kino_1.3.0-2ubuntu0_i386.deb. This version will not install on Ubuntu 8.10.

Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibix)

This version of Ubuntu and Kino has been compiled incorrectly, and only works for /dev/raw1394 - only available to root users. Connect and start your camera, start Kino as root and switch to the 'Capture' tab.

Other methods

Method 1. 'raw1396'

If you have physical control of your computer and there is no risk of the Firewire port being used to access your machine then this method may be suitable for you. But it is a security risk because anyone can connect to the Firewire port and access you kernel directly. This method makes a new group called firewire with control of the raw1394 device file, and your user a member of that group.

Open 'System > Administration > Users and Groups'. Add a new group and call it firewire
Open the firewire group and add your user name to this group.
Start Nautilus as root by opening a terminal and typing

gksudo nautilus

Find the file '/dev/raw1396' and from the right click context menu select 'Properties'
Under the 'Permissions' tab make firewire the group of this file.

@@ 第2行： / 第2行： @@
 {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Firewire}}
 == Capturing video over Firewire ==
+=== Introduction ===
+This page explains how how to capture a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dv Digital Video (DV)] stream over [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE1394 IEEE1394 (Firewire)] hardware with the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kino_(software) Kino Video Editor].
 === Disclaimer ===
 This section on using IEEE1394 is not written by a hardware expert, it probably contains mistakes, if you know something is wrong or missing please help improve this page for the next person by correcting it. [[UbuntuHelp:DuncanLithgow|DuncanLithgow]]
-=== Hardware ===
+=== Requirements ===
-Firewire is the common name for the standard known as IEEE1394. Many digital camcorders and computers have a built-in Firewire ports. You can read more general notes about Firewire and see what the ports and cables look like in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_1394 Wikipedia article on Firewire].
+==== Hardware ====
-Note that if you plan on buying an expansion card to add Firewire ports you must be sure that your system's BIOS will support it.
+If your computer has no Firewire ports you can buy a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Local_Bus PCI expansion card] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC_Card PC Card]. Be sure to check that your system's BIOS will support the card. You can ask for help at https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu
-=== Software ===
+==== Software ====
 Most Linux distributions, including Ubuntu, do not support file transfer via Firewire by default, so you will need some extra software.
-This page looks at using the Kino Video Editor and dvgrab for capturing from your DV camera. They can be installed with the following command:
-<pre><nowiki>
-sudo apt-get install dvgrab kino
-</nowiki></pre>
 The dvgrab package uses a device file (also known as a node) in to act as an interface between your camera and video editor (in this case Kino) over the Firewire port. When you connect your camera and turn it on, the ''udev'' package should create one or more of the device files/nodes needed. The device file will be one of the following:
 * /dev/dv1394/0 (gives access to Firewire for video capture but not to the camera's controls)
 * /dev/raw1394 (gives raw access to Firewire and allows access to your cameras controls, but possesses a security risk)
-(some releases of Ubuntu have the misnamed /dev/dv1394-0 device file)
+== Capturing DV over Firewire ==
-If Ubuntu doesn't create a device node you can force them with:
+Once your prefered is ready capture should work as follows:
+.#1 You plug in you DV camera, turn it on a press play
+.#1 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udev udev] detects the change and creates the required device nodes for communication with your camera.
+.#1 Start Kino and switch to the 'Capture' tab. Kino sees the device nodes are created and that you have permission to use them.
+Once Kino has seen the camera you can rewind your camera to the beginning of the tape again.
+=== Troubleshooting ===
+If Ubuntu doesn't automatically create a device node you can force their creation by typing the following in a Terminal:
 <pre><nowiki>
-sudo modprobe raw1394 dv1394
+gksudo modprobe raw1394 dv1394
+</nowiki></pre>
+This guide assumes you want to use /dev/dv1394/0, as this is the preferred method in Ubuntu as discussed in [https://edge.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kino/+bug/6290 Launchpad Bug# 6290]
+An alternative, if you are able and it is safe, is to run Kino as root with the following command in a Terminal:
+<pre><nowiki>
+gksudo kino
 </nowiki></pre>
-This guide assumes you want to use dv1394/0, as this is the preferred method as discussed in [https://edge.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kino/+bug/6290 Launchpad Bug# 6290]
-== Capturing DV over Firewire ==
-Start Kino and open the 'Capture' tab. Kino will attempt to connect to your Firewire port and detect any device there.
 If these tips do not work please [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kino/+filebug file a bug in launchpad against Kino].
 ==== Before Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy) ====
@@ 第31行： / 第37行： @@
 |}
 Which is not a bug, it's a security feature which you can read about in an [https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel/2006-March/016593.html email about firewire security from Scott James Remnant].
-==== Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake) ====
+The easiest way around this for a user who is also the administrator of the computer is to run Kino from the command line as root. Changing permission to allow normal users access to /dev/raw1394
-Kino 0.9 can be installed from source in Ubuntu 6.06. Under 'Edit > Preferences > Capture > dv1394 Device' change the value to '/dev/dv1394-0'.
-==== Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) ====
-Kino 0.9 can be installed from the main repository. Make sure you install kinoplus, you can search for kinoplus in 'System > Administration > Synaptic Package Manager'. Once Kino starts under 'Edit > Preferences > Capture > dv1394 Device' change the value to '/dev/dv1394/0'.
 ==== Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) ====
-To access your video camera you will need to run Kino (version 1.1.0) as root, type the following into a terminal:
+This version of Ubuntu and Kino only works for /dev/raw1394 - only available to root users.
-gksudo kino
+Connect and start your camera, start Kino as root and switch to the 'Capture' tab.
 ==== Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) ====
-The only reason that Kino cannot capture from Firewire in Hardy is that the software was compiled incorrectly. A correctly compiled version is available here: [ftp://ftp.akl.lt/Linux/Baltix/Baltix-Ubuntu-packages/hardy/kino-video-editor/kino_1.3.0-2ubuntu0_i386.deb kino_1.3.0-2ubuntu0_i386.deb]. This will not install on Ubuntu 8.10.
+For this release Kino has changed thier setup so that use of /dev/dv1394/0 is not enabled by default. Instead /dev/raw1394 is prefered.
+Because of this change Kino has been compiled incorrectly for use in Ubuntu, and only works for /dev/raw1394 - only available to root users.
+A correctly compiled version is available here: [ftp://ftp.akl.lt/Linux/Baltix/Baltix-Ubuntu-packages/hardy/kino-video-editor/kino_1.3.0-2ubuntu0_i386.deb kino_1.3.0-2ubuntu0_i386.deb]. This version will not install on Ubuntu 8.10.
 ==== Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibix) ====
-After kicking raw1394 into action I can capture perfectly when running Kino as root.
+This version of Ubuntu and Kino has been compiled incorrectly, and only works for /dev/raw1394 - only available to root users.
+Connect and start your camera, start Kino as root and switch to the 'Capture' tab.
 === Other methods ===
-==== Method 1. 'dv1394-0' ====
+==== Method 1. 'raw1396' ====
-If you have the '/dev/dv1394-0' device file, in Kino go to 'Edit > Preferences' and select the 'IEEE 1394' tab. Any detected cameras should be listed under 'AV/C Device', but it may still work if your camera is not in this list.
+If you have physical control of your computer and there is no risk of the Firewire port being used to access your machine then this method may be suitable for you. But it is a security risk because anyone can connect to the Firewire port and access you kernel directly.
-Make sure the tape is ready where you want to start capture. On the 'Capture' tab press play on your camera then 'Capture' button.
-==== Method 2. 'raw1396' ====
-If you have physical control of your computer and there is no risk of the Firewire port being used to access your machine then this method may be suitable for you. But it is still a security risk.
 This method makes a new group called ''firewire'' with control of the raw1394 device file, and your user a member of that group.
 <ol><li>Open 'System > Administration > Users and Groups'. Add a new group and call it ''firewire''
@@ 第59行： / 第62行： @@
 </li><li>Under the 'Permissions' tab make ''firewire'' the group of this file.</li></ol>
-==== Method 3. 'video1394' ====
-Some versions of Ubuntu have a ''video1394'' group. Use the approach in method 2 to add yourself to the ''video1394'' group.
-==== Method 4. 'as root' ====
-If the methods above haven't helped, try also running kino as root, that might get around a few things.
-<pre><nowiki>
-gksudo kino
-</nowiki></pre>
-If root permissions were required, you can alter the permissions on your firewire controller so that any user has access.  After doing so, you can run kino under a regular user account and will be able to capture video. Remember that this means anyone with physical access to the firewire port will then have full access to your computer.
-<pre><nowiki>
-sudo chmod 666 /dev/raw1394
-</nowiki></pre>
-==== Method 5. 'GROUP=video' ====
-In order to enable dv capturing with Feisty you just have to modify the file  "/etc/udev/rules.d/40-permissions.rules" and change
-KERNEL==”raw1394″, GROUP=”disk”
-to
-KERNEL==”raw1394″, GROUP=”video”
-Then just add "ieee1394" (without quotation marks) to "/etc/modules"
 == See Also ==
 * [[UbuntuHelp:BootFromFirewireHardDisk|BootFromFirewireHardDisk]]

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