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{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FirefoxNewVersion}}
 
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FirefoxNewVersion}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:FirefoxNewVersion}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:FirefoxNewVersion}}
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== Installing Firefox from Mozilla ==
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== Introduction ==
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This guide is for installing the Mozilla build of Firefox on Ubuntu. The Firefox in the Ubuntu repositories gets security updates and usually gets them quite quickly, but sometimes people prefer to get the updates straight from Mozilla or prefer the Mozilla build for other reasons.
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When a new version of Firefox comes out, there is some delay until it can be downloaded and run. This page will explain how to install Firefox as soon as possible.
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'''Warning:''' If you use this guide, ''do not remove the Ubuntu version of Firefox.'' Doing so will break the following packages: Yelp (help viewer), Epiphany, Gnome-app-install (Add Applications), Liferea, Blam and any application requiring the Gecko rendering engine.
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The ''Check For Updates'' link in Firefox is disabled in Ubuntu. Firefox should only be updated through the [[UbuntuHelp:InstallingSoftware|package-management system]].
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=== Notes ===
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== Instructions for the impatient ==
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* Updates for Firefox through the repositories will not apply to the Firefox you use after following this guide, but Firefox itself has a built-in auto-updater (see below for how that works).
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'''Low difficulty, high safety''': these packages are maintained and fully tested by the Ubuntu Project
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* The Totem video plugin doesn't may not work with certain versions of Firefox. You may want to install package ''mozilla-mplayer'' instead before you start.
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Jaunty and Karmic:: [[UbuntuHelp:InstallingSoftware#installing-a-package|install the following package]]: '''''[[UbuntuHelp:apt:firefox-3.5|firefox-3.5]]'''''. Firefox 3.5 will be installed alongside Firefox 3.0.
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* You need the package ''libstdc++5'' installed. If you need help look at the [[UbuntuHelp:InstallingSoftware|InstallingSoftware]] page.
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Hardy and Intrepid:: ''Release time-frame: TBA''<<BR>>The Ubuntu Mozilla Team is working to make Firefox 3.5 available for older releases.
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* This is for i386. If you are on amd64, there are some specific tips in [[UbuntuWiki:FirefoxAMD64FlashJava|FirefoxAMD64FlashJava]]
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When you have installed the new package, a new icon will appear in ''Applications > Internet'' alongside your old ''Firefox'' icon. The name is based on the codename for the new Firefox release, so Firefox 3.5 was labeled ''Shiretoko Web Browser''.  If you do not like this name , install '''''[[UbuntuHelp:apt:abrowser-3.5-branding|abrowser-3.5-branding]]''''' and Firefox 3.5 label will be renamed to a simple ''Web Browser''.
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* If you are using scim-1.0.2 as your input method platform, Firefox will crash on startup. You may manually build Firefox to make both of them work. See [[UbuntuHelp:SCIM|SCIM]] and [[UbuntuHelp:CompileFirefoxNewVersion|CompileFirefoxNewVersion]] for more information. If you don't know what SCIM is, you probably aren't using it - it is used for some non-English character sets only.
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== Installing untested versions of Firefox ==
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* The Mozilla build will ''not'' be compiled from source. Rather, it comes with all libraries and system information and can run after being extracted. This guide will help you place it in the proper directory and with the correct paths.
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{|border="1" cellspacing="0"
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=== Automated Install of the Latest Firefox ===
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|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconWarning3.png||This section explains how to install packages that ''are still in development''. Unless you want to help develop and test new versions, you should use the above instructions.
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The [http://ubuntuzilla.sourceforge.net Ubuntuzilla] project maintains an automated script that backs up your Firefox profile, locates and downloads the latest Firefox release, allows you to select a locale, verifies download integrity with Mozilla Software Releases GPG signature, and installs Firefox into /opt/firefox with all the proper symlinks in /usr/bin.
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|}
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In other words, it does everything this step-by-step tutorial does and more... but with less copying and pasting and more error checking.
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=== Security-testing packages ===
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Detailed usage instructions and more information are available on [http://ubuntuzilla.sourceforge.net Ubuntuzilla] project site. 64-bit users, you'll need some extra 32-bit compatibility packages ([http://ubuntuzilla.wiki.sourceforge.net/#usersof64bitubuntu see this note for 64 bit users]).
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'''Medium difficulty, medium safety''': security-testing packages are halfway through the quality-assurance process.  Although bugs are rare, no guarantees are given.
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If you run into any problems with this script, or have feature requests, comments, suggestions, please feel free to post on the [http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=251 Ubuntuzilla project forum], now officially hosted on the Ubuntu forums in the [http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=46 3rd Party Projects] area.
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Users of the most recent Ubuntu release can get new versions of Firefox a few days early from the semi-official ''ubuntu-mozilla-security'' archive. This archive holds updates to the Mozilla suite (including Firefox) while they're tested for security and stability.
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=== Manual Install ===
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To get packages that have not yet been tested for security:
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* First, back up your bookmarks and settings:
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<ol><li>Go to the [https://edge.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-mozilla-security/+archive/ppa ubuntu-mozilla-security personal package archive].
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<pre><nowiki>
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</li><li>Follow the [https://edge.launchpad.net/+help/soyuz/ppa-sources-list.html official instructions] on how to use software from a PPA
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cp -R ~/.mozilla ~/.mozilla.backup</nowiki></pre>
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</li><li>Install the package for the new version of Firefox (e.g. this was ''firefox-3.5'' when Firefox 3.5 was being released)
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* Download Firefox from the [http://www.getfirefox.com Firefox website], and change to the directory you downloaded it to.
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</li><li>A package without security testing will be made available a few days before general release
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* Install it to /opt/firefox (make sure the /opt directory exists first):
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</li><li>[[UbuntuWiki:MozillaTeam/Bugs|Report|any bugs]] that you experience - especially anything that previously worked, then stops working</li></ol>
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo tar -jxvf firefox-3.0.tar.bz2 -C /opt
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rm firefox-3.0.tar.bz2</nowiki></pre>
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* Link to your plugins and remove <code><nowiki>totem-mozilla</nowiki></code> as it doesn't seem to work with Firefox 1.5.x or 2.x:
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo mv /opt/firefox/plugins /opt/firefox/plugins.bak
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sudo ln -s /usr/lib/firefox/plugins /opt/firefox/plugins
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sudo rm /usr/lib/firefox/plugins/libtotem_mozilla.*</nowiki></pre>
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* To ensure it is used as the default version, modify the symbolic link in /usr/bin:
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo dpkg-divert --divert /usr/bin/firefox.ubuntu --rename /usr/bin/firefox
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sudo ln -s /opt/firefox/firefox /usr/bin/firefox</nowiki></pre>
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The ''dpkg-divert'' command will move the original system-wide /usr/bin/firefox to a new name.
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The ''ln'' command will place a symlink to the newly installed Firefox in /usr/bin.
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* Try it out: :-)
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<pre><nowiki>
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firefox &</nowiki></pre>
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*Running Firefox in terminal may cause errors to show but don't worry about that, it will still work once Firefox is restarted. The reason for these errors is because Firefox 3 is checking for updates, which is not abnormal activity. Also, running this command make take a some time to execute. Please be patient.
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*If you want to keep the original Ubuntu icon for Firefox, enter this command:
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo cp /usr/share/pixmaps/firefox.xpm /opt/firefox/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm</nowiki></pre>
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Some users may find the icon with a different extension, they should use this command:
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo cp /usr/share/pixmaps/firefox.png /opt/firefox/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm</nowiki></pre>
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=== Install Updates for Mozilla Download of Firefox ===
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Backup your profile with:
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<pre><nowiki>
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cp -R ~/.mozilla ~/.mozilla.backup.30x</nowiki></pre>
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(You may also want to consider backing up the profiles of other users on the system as they will be affected by the upgrade too).
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There are two ways you can update Firefox to the newest version:
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==== Method 1 ====
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To update firefox you can run Firefox from the terminal with <pre><nowiki>
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gksudo firefox</nowiki></pre> Be sure to close any running version of Firefox first. Enter your password where prompted. Then check update ('''Help''' -> '''Check for updates...'''). If updates are found, apply the update and when it asks to restart, use the '''Restart''' option. When Firefox starts, you should see a Mozilla page confirming that you're using the latest version. Close Firefox and open it as a normal user (the way you usually open it). Firefox should now be updated to the newest version for all users. This way you don't have to change any file permissions and you won't forget to not change them back.
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You must use the command ''gksudo firefox'' Do not use ''sudo firefox'' instead as it may give some files in your home directory root ownership and cause problems.
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==== Method 2 ====
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Close Firefox and give your user (yourself) file ownership: <pre><nowiki>sudo chown -R ${USER}:${USER} /opt/firefox
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</nowiki></pre>  Start Firefox normally and update (Help -> Check for updates...)  Once the update is completed, close Firefox and then '''restore ownership to root''':  
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo chown -R root:root /opt/firefox</nowiki></pre>
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Do '''not''' browse other sites while firefox has these elevated permissions, that is without changing back the ownership of /opt/firefox over to root. Such a practice is ''not safe''.
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=== Removing ===
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If for some reason you want to undo the installation and revert back to the standard Ubuntu Firefox, here's how:
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* Restore the symbolic links:
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo rm /usr/bin/firefox
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sudo dpkg-divert --rename --remove /usr/bin/firefox</nowiki></pre>
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* Restore your old profile:
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<pre><nowiki>
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mv ~/.mozilla ~/.mozilla.manual.download
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mv ~/.mozilla.backup ~/.mozilla</nowiki></pre>
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* (optional) Delete the firefox directory:
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<pre><nowiki>
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sudo rm -r /opt/firefox</nowiki></pre>
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=== Installing Firefox (Quick and Dirty) ===
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−
Some people are too lazy or too impatient to install Firefox the way it '''should''' be in Ubuntu (see section '''1'''). This section is '''not''' the proper installation method. It is also '''not safe''' compared to "Section 1". This current section is only for those too lazy and / or too impatient and / or need a quick fix to temporarily use a nightly Firefox trunk. Please note that if you follow this installation option instead of the others, you ''may'' have '''problems''' with some plugins. The instructions to install are basically: unzip, move existing profile, change file permissions, run. The instructions to update are basically: change file permissions, launch and update, change file permissions back. The instructions to uninstall are basically: change file permissions, delete its folder. During these instructions, do '''not''' use <code><nowiki>sudo</nowiki></code> except when apt-getting the prerequisite (dependency).
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If you are following these instructions to try out Firefox 2.x alpha/beta, please make sure to backup your profile and use a new one if possible.
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==== Installing Firefox (Quick and Dirty) ====
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1. Install the prerequisite: '''You need package 'libstdc++5' installed'''.
+
  
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<pre><nowiki>
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=== Daily updates ===
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sudo apt-get install libstdc++5</nowiki></pre>
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'''Medium difficulty, low safety''': daily packages have not undergone any quality assurance.  Daily packages are sometimes very safe, and sometimes don't work at all.
−
2. Download the tar.gz archive from the [http://www.mozilla.org/ Mozilla] site to /home/username (username is your own username; adjust to your settings).
+
Users of recent Ubuntu releases can get the latest development version of Firefox from the semi-official ''ubuntu-mozilla-daily'' archive.  This archive holds updates to the Mozilla suite (including Firefox) that are ''under active development'' - for example, a ''preview version of Firefox 3.5.4'' was available at the time of writing.  Although these packages will work well most of the time, you should expect crashes and other problems.  To get packages that are only half-finished:
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3. Untar to home:
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<ol><li>Go to the [https://edge.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-mozilla-daily/+archive/ppa ubuntu-mozilla-daily personal package archive].
 +
</li><li>Follow the [https://edge.launchpad.net/+help/soyuz/ppa-sources-list.html official instructions] on how to use software from a PPA
 +
</li><li>Install the package for the new version of Firefox (e.g. this was ''firefox-3.5'' when Firefox 3.5 was being released)
 +
</li><li>A snapshot of a recent development version will be available immediately
 +
</li><li>[[UbuntuWiki:MozillaTeam/Bugs|Report|any bugs]] that you experience</li></ol>
  
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<pre><nowiki>
+
== Installing from the Mozilla website (dangerous) ==
−
cd
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'''High difficulty, low safety''': Sharing a Firefox profile between Ubuntu's Firefox 3.0 and Mozilla's Firefox 3.5 might cause problems that will go unnoticed for weeks or months.
−
tar -jxvf firefox-3.0.tar.bz2</nowiki></pre>
+
Please wait until the Ubuntu Mozilla Team make a stable version of Firefox available for your release. If you can't wait, please use one of the methods described above. If you have to use a Mozilla build of Firefox, see the [[UbuntuHelp:FirefoxNewVersion/MozillaBuilds|guide for installing Mozilla builds]]. Installing from Mozilla is only recommended for comparing the behaviour of Ubuntu and Mozilla builds (e.g. while tracking down a bug).
−
4. Change permissions on the newly created directory
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== See Also ==
−
 
+
* This page was based largely on a [http://www.asoftsite.org/s9y/archives/160-FAQ-Where-can-I-get-firefox-3.5-for-Ubuntu.html blog post] by the head Ubuntu Firefox developer
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
* [http://www.asoftsite.org/s9y/archives/161-FAQ-Why-is-my-firefox-3.5-still-called-Shiretoko.html Another blog post] explains why new versions use codenames and different icons
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chmod -R uog-w /home/username/firefox</nowiki></pre>
+
−
5. Back up your profile
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−
 
+
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<pre><nowiki>
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cp -R ~/.mozilla ~/.mozilla.backup</nowiki></pre>
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6. Run Firefox.
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+
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<pre><nowiki>
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cd /home/username/firefox/
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./firefox</nowiki></pre>
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That's all.
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You can manipulate existing shortcuts to point to the newly installed Firefox, or create new shortcuts.
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==== Updating Firefox (If Installed Using Quick and Dirty guide) ====
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1. Change permissions of Firefox so it can write to itself:
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<pre><nowiki>
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chown -R u+w /home/username/firefox</nowiki></pre>
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2. Launch Firefox:
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<pre><nowiki>
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/home/username/firefox/firefox</nowiki></pre>
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3. Go to Help > Check for updates and update as needed. As with any update, you may want to backup your profile beforehand.
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4. Close Firefox.
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5. Restore permissions:
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+
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<pre><nowiki>
+
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chmod -R uog-w /home/username/firefox</nowiki></pre>
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That's all.
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==== Uninstalling Firefox (After a Quick and Dirty Install) ====
+
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This is not too difficult:
+
−
1. Delete the Firefox directory
+
−
 
+
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<pre><nowiki>
+
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sudo rm -r ~/firefox</nowiki></pre>
+
−
2. Move your old profile back to its place:
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−
 
+
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<pre><nowiki>
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mv ~/.mozilla ~/.mozilla.manual.download
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mv ~/.mozilla.backup ~/.mozilla</nowiki></pre>
+
−
That's all.  
+
−
=== References ===
+
−
* Discuss this page at http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=79283
+
−
* Usefull information on font-sizes in the interface: http://www.mozilla.org/unix/dpi.html
+
−
----
+
  
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]

2009年11月17日 (二) 19:08的版本

Geographylogo.png 文章出处: 

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FirefoxNewVersion

Geographylogo.png 点击翻译: 

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

Introduction

When a new version of Firefox comes out, there is some delay until it can be downloaded and run. This page will explain how to install Firefox as soon as possible. The Check For Updates link in Firefox is disabled in Ubuntu. Firefox should only be updated through the package-management system.

Instructions for the impatient

Low difficulty, high safety: these packages are maintained and fully tested by the Ubuntu Project Jaunty and Karmic:: install the following package: firefox-3.5. Firefox 3.5 will be installed alongside Firefox 3.0. Hardy and Intrepid:: Release time-frame: TBA<
>The Ubuntu Mozilla Team is working to make Firefox 3.5 available for older releases. When you have installed the new package, a new icon will appear in Applications > Internet alongside your old Firefox icon. The name is based on the codename for the new Firefox release, so Firefox 3.5 was labeled Shiretoko Web Browser. If you do not like this name , install abrowser-3.5-branding and Firefox 3.5 label will be renamed to a simple Web Browser.

Installing untested versions of Firefox

IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=IconWarning3.png This section explains how to install packages that are still in development. Unless you want to help develop and test new versions, you should use the above instructions.

Security-testing packages

Medium difficulty, medium safety: security-testing packages are halfway through the quality-assurance process. Although bugs are rare, no guarantees are given. Users of the most recent Ubuntu release can get new versions of Firefox a few days early from the semi-official ubuntu-mozilla-security archive. This archive holds updates to the Mozilla suite (including Firefox) while they're tested for security and stability. To get packages that have not yet been tested for security:

  1. Go to the ubuntu-mozilla-security personal package archive.
  2. Follow the official instructions on how to use software from a PPA
  3. Install the package for the new version of Firefox (e.g. this was firefox-3.5 when Firefox 3.5 was being released)
  4. A package without security testing will be made available a few days before general release
  5. Report|any bugs that you experience - especially anything that previously worked, then stops working

Daily updates

Medium difficulty, low safety: daily packages have not undergone any quality assurance. Daily packages are sometimes very safe, and sometimes don't work at all. Users of recent Ubuntu releases can get the latest development version of Firefox from the semi-official ubuntu-mozilla-daily archive. This archive holds updates to the Mozilla suite (including Firefox) that are under active development - for example, a preview version of Firefox 3.5.4 was available at the time of writing. Although these packages will work well most of the time, you should expect crashes and other problems. To get packages that are only half-finished:

  1. Go to the ubuntu-mozilla-daily personal package archive.
  2. Follow the official instructions on how to use software from a PPA
  3. Install the package for the new version of Firefox (e.g. this was firefox-3.5 when Firefox 3.5 was being released)
  4. A snapshot of a recent development version will be available immediately
  5. Report|any bugs that you experience

Installing from the Mozilla website (dangerous)

High difficulty, low safety: Sharing a Firefox profile between Ubuntu's Firefox 3.0 and Mozilla's Firefox 3.5 might cause problems that will go unnoticed for weeks or months. Please wait until the Ubuntu Mozilla Team make a stable version of Firefox available for your release. If you can't wait, please use one of the methods described above. If you have to use a Mozilla build of Firefox, see the guide for installing Mozilla builds. Installing from Mozilla is only recommended for comparing the behaviour of Ubuntu and Mozilla builds (e.g. while tracking down a bug).

See Also

  • This page was based largely on a blog post by the head Ubuntu Firefox developer
  • Another blog post explains why new versions use codenames and different icons
取自“https://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?title=UbuntuHelp:FirefoxNewVersion&oldid=127473”