UbuntuHelp:FileCompression

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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FileCompression

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Parent: AccessoriesApplications

Files can be compressed in a variety of formats. Some of these can be opened by Ubuntu automatically. Others can be handled if you install extra packages.

Basic Archives

Anchor(basic)

Many archives ( tar .tar,targz .tar.gz,zip .zip ) Can easily be opened simply by using Archive Manager.

To open these formats, click on them with the right mouse button, and choose "Extract here". like this:
attachment:extracthere.jpg

Double-clicking on them will open the Archive Manager for other tasks.
attachment:archivemanager.jpg

Non-archive formats

These formats are not technically archives, but can be opened by Archive Manager:

Deb installer packages (.deb)

 These are actually programs that need to be installed. If you are using Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper Drake or higher you can double-click .deb files to install them. If not, open a terminal, go to the directory the .deb file is in by typing cd "DIRECTORYNAME", and type sudo dpkg -i DEBNAME.deb. Warning: Installing programs from .debs can seriously damage your system.

CD Images (.iso)

 These are images to be burned on to a cd. See UbuntuHelp:BurningIsoHowto

Java Archives (.jar)

 These are java programs. See UbuntuHelp:Java

Firefox extensions (.xpi)

 These are actually extensions for Mozilla Firefox. To install them, launch Firefox and choose Open File from the File menu. Choose the .xpi file and click ok. Firefox will then install the extension. Warning: Installing certain extensions may damage your Firefox profile

Archive formats

7zip (.7z)

7zip is a new type of free archive format.

Install the package p7zip from the Universe repository (AddingRepositoriesHowto).

To open these files in basic Archive Manager You need to tell Ubuntu how to deal with these files. Right-click on them and choose Properties. The 4th tab is Open With. Click on it and choose the Add button. Select the program Archive Manager.
attachment:openwith.jpg

After this, you can use these files normally from basic Archive manager

Ace (.ace)

ACE archives are relatively uncommon and are extraced using the 'unace' utility

To add support for it, install unace from the universe repository (AddingRepositoriesHowto).

This cannot be used from basic Archive Manager so must be used on the command line. To extract .ace files, run the following command:

unace x file.ace
</code>

If you encounter problems (like file compressed with unknown method), the file you are trying to decompress is too new for version of unace in repositories. Go to [http://www.winace.com their Download center] and grab their Unace for linux. Inside the archive you will find newer version of unace (no compiling needed) which can be safely used instead the version from repositories. To install this file run the command:
<pre>
sudo mv /location/of/downloaded/unace /usr/local/bin/unace
</code>

==== Rar (.rar) ====

Rar is a non-free archive format created by Rarsoft. There are several versions of rar and the newest version, 3.0, is not supported by any free tools.

To add support for it, install the package from the multiverse repository (AddingRepositoriesHowto).

===== Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake) =====
  <pre>
  sudo apt-get install unrar
  </code>

To extract a .rar file, open the terminal and type <code>unrar x RARFILENAME.rar</code>

===== Password protected .rar files =====
These Cannot be opened in the Archive Manager. You have to use the <code>unrar</code> command from the terminal.

[[Anchor(tar)]]

==== GNU Tar (.tar) ====


The tar archive is an old archive format made for tapes which consist of files added to a single file, one after the other.

These files can be extracted using the [[basic Archive Manager]]

==== GNU Tar GZ (.tar.gz .tgz) ====

This archive is a [[tar tar]] archive, which has then been zipped using 'gzip' which is an open source zip utility.

These files can be extracted using [[basic Archive Manager]]
[[Anchor(tarbz2)]]
==== GNU Tar bzip2 (.tar.bz2) ====

This archive is a [[tar tar]] archive, which has then been zipped using 'bzip2' which is an open source zip utility which results in smaller file sizes than [[targz gzip]] however uses more processing power.

These files can be extracted using the [[basic Archive Manager]]
[[Anchor(zip)]]
==== Zip (.zip) ====
This is an older archive (and compression) format that originates with PKZip developed by Phil Katz in 1989. It has been in use with DOS and windows for many years.

These files can be extracted using the [[basic Archive Manager]]


=== Command Line Usage ===
Many of these utilities can be used on the command line, sometimes this is quicker or easier than using the [[basic Archive Manager]]

for example to extract a tar bz2 file

Example: '''''file.tar.bz2'''''

<pre>
tar jxvf file.tar.bz2
</code>
This will show you what it extracts, and in most cases will be in a sub directory of <code>file</code>

You can also make these files on the command line like so:

<pre>
tar jcvf file.tar.bz2 dir1 dir2 ...
</code>

file.tar.bz2 is the name of the tar file we wish to create and dir1 dir2 are the names of the directories and/or files we wish to include in the tar.bz2 archive.

to use gzip, simply put <code>zxvf</code> or <code>zxvf</code> in place of the <code>jxvf</code> or <code>jcvf</code> in the command line

to zip and unzip, simply run
<pre>
unzip file.zip
</code>
and
<pre>
zip file.zip dir1 dir1 ...
</code>

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