UbuntuHelp:EnlightenmentDR16
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<<Include(Tag/NeedsExpansion)>> This guide will explain how to use version 0.16 of the Enlightenment window manager.
目录
Introduction
The Window Manager is the program which controls the placement of windows on the desktop, as well as their borders and titlebars. Multiple/virtual desktops are also handled by the WM. GNOME uses the Metacity WM by default, and KDE uses Kwin. Compiz is a new WM which provides a 3D desktop. There is an older WM, from around 2000, which is lightweight, offers many features and is highly configurable. It is called Enlightenment, or simply "E", and the current version 0.17 includes features such as animated backgrounds, highly themable controls and behaviour, and many small applets for simple tasks such as volume control. This version of E, however, is relatively unstable, and is does not function in the same way as classic WMs in the GNOME and KDE desktop environments, indeed it is a whole desktop environment in itself. This guide deals with the older version, which still has many features, but has more standard behaviour for a WM and it works well in GNOME and KDE.
Installing Enlightenment
Enlightenment is in the Universe package repository, so if you have Universe enabled you can use Synaptic or Adept to install the e16 package or you can simply run:
sudo apt-get install e16
Any of these methods require your user's password.
Using Enlightenment
Once it is installed you will need to decide how you want to best use it, there are three main alternatives. You can run E on it's own, or you can use it as the Window Manager inside GNOME or KDE.
Standalone
If you log out you will find that your login screen now has a new option for the session (if not then try restarting your login window, the easiest way to do this is to reboot). Selecting Enlightenment here will log you into E, and only E. You will find that many things are different from your previous desktop environment, and this may be a bad thing since E does not cater for many services we take for granted these days, such as automatic mounting of CDs, DVDs and USB drives. Also you may notice that your GTK applications (those from GNOME) will not use your theme. To fix this you will need to edit the startup file in your enlightenment preferences folder (this can be done graphically by alt-right clicking in an app, but most of the things you need to add are not graphical applications). Open Nautilus or Konqueror to gain access to this folder. If they are not in the menus then you can open a terminal and type:
nautilus --no-desktop
Or:
konqueror
Depending on which you prefer. Once one is open you need to go into the hidden folder ~/.enlightenment (where ~ is your home folder) and add gnome-settings-daemon, gnome-volume-manager, and anything else you would like to be started at boot, to the startup file. FIXME: What is the right file to edit?
Inside Another DE
You can use E instead of Metacity inside GNOME or instead of Kwin in KDE. This means that all of your normal services will still work, but you will also have the features of E. To use E as your WM just log out and look in the sessions options of the login screen. There should be an option "E-GNOME" and an option "E-KDE". Select whichever you prefer then log in (and make it default if you want). Now you have E as a window manager. When using this setup in GNOME I like to have Nautilus' desktop turned off, which can be done in Applications>System Tools>Configuration Editor (if it is not there then you can add it with Applications>Alacarte Menu Editor). Expand "apps" then "nautilus" then go on "preferences". Look for "show desktop" and untick the box. Now run the command:
killall nautilus
And the background should change to E's, whilst still letting you use Nautilus as a file manager. Note about startup: If you are using GNOME or KDE and you want programs to be restarted when you log in then make sure you add this to GNOME's startup or KDE's startup and NOT E's startup. This is because applications often start multiple times, and having a single list of startup programs is also easier to manage.
Personalising Enlightenment
The main strength of E is it's themes. They can completely change it's looks, as well as it's behaviour. You can get a lot of themes from Freshmeat. Just get the .tar.gz file of the theme you want, drag it into ~/.enlightenment/themes then extract it into a folder with an appropriate name (in other words, make sure all of the files and folders in the tar archive are contained in one folder, and give that folder the same name as the theme). When you have added themes you just have to press ctrl-alt-end to restart E, then middle click on the desktop to choose your new theme (restarting E will not logout, restart or in any other way affect your running programs, they will be fine)
To Do
Complete notes on startup programs for standalone E Add section on keyboard and mouse shortcuts Add section on basic theme modification (changing what titlebar buttons do, for instance)
External Links
- Enlightenment Homepage - Enlightenment's official home page.
