“UbuntuHelp:Ekiga”的版本间的差异

2008年10月19日 (日) 05:04的版本

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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Ekiga

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1. title Ekiga VoIP

<<Include(Tag/TooLong)>>

Introduction

Ekiga is the default Internet telephony (VoIP) application/ SoftPhone in Ubuntu. It lets you make audio and video calls over the Internet to people who have hardware or software that follows the [[1]] or [[2]] standards. Ekiga also features basic instant messaging. Ekiga has a robust and wide support for multimedia, and is compatible with Windows Messenger and most VoIP applications. Ekiga cannot communicate with Skype because Skype uses its own non-standard protocols. If you have a suitable SIP provider, you can also use Ekiga to place calls to any normal phone line. {{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Ekiga?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=ekiga_3.png%7D%7D

Desktop interoperability

Ekiga works with Linux or [[3]]. For Mac OS, you can use the free software [[4]]. Ekiga is compatible with Netmeeting (H.323, windows), Windows Messenger (SIP, Windows, [to configure Windows Messenger for ekiga.net]), Gizmo (SIP, multi-platform), and [programs listed on the Ekiga documentation]. [is working to implement the industry standard SIP] which will make it possible to communicate with Ekiga users in the future.

First use

When you start Ekiga for the first time, the 10 step Configuration druid will help you to correctly configure Ekiga. It is strongly recommended that you complete this configuration procedure. [help about the druid] (step-by-step)

How do I get a free sip:address ? (step 3/10)

At step 3 of 10 in the druid, you'll be asked for your Username and Password. You get them by registering in [[5]]. This will gives you a free SIP address. Choose your username with care since you will be giving it out to your contacts. A SIP address is a way to be reachable and to reach people. You can compare it to an e-mail address. [avoid specials characters for your password.] Letters and numbers will do just fine. {{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Ekiga?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Capture-FirstTimeConfigurationAssistant3.png%7D%7D Just follow the link given in the dialog to get an account if you do not have one, then fill in your username and password. Your address will be sip:[email protected] Please press ’Forward’ after having entered all required information to continue.

How do I place a call ?

When you're done with the druid and have an account on [[6]], you can call the echo test: sip:[email protected] You'll be able to check whether you can reach the service (the SIP network), whether your sound setup is ok (you can hear yourself with a delay) and whether your webcam works (you can see yourself). If you know the SIP address of the party you wish to call, you may enter that adress into the sip: input box at the top of the screen and press the Connect button; eg: sip:[email protected] and pressing the Connect button would call the user at that address.

Can I use several sip:addresses ?

Yes. First you have to register to the provider (e.g. ekiga.net). Then to add your new sip:address, go to menu Edit -> Accounts -> Add {{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Ekiga?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Capture-EdittheAccountInformation.png%7D%7D

Ekiga.net services (free calls PC-to-PC)

Ekiga.net is a free service (no ads) based upon Free Software ([[7]] and [[8]]) ran by the Ekiga team.

Test service

Once you're registered to http://ekiga.net, you can test your setup and line quality by dialing the echo service: sip:[email protected] This service only works with [[9]] or [[10]] audio codecs, and the [[11]] video codec. Date: 2007-12-27: The test service begins with a voice explaining what will happen, then the echo test begins. The echo test is both an audio and a video echo function, so when this is running, you can choose to see local video from your camera or remote video from the remote machine's echo signal.

Audio conference server

If you are using ekiga.net as your VoIP provider, you can access a conference server via the aliases

• sip:[email protected] to join the public conference room
• sip:[email protected] where XXXX is the number of your choice representing the number of the room.

[For example, a group of friends could meet in conference room 1122 by dialing sip:[email protected]] Using 501xxxx, you'll be asked for a "PIN number": dialing a number you can protect the access to your conference room or just dialing # will make this conference public.

How to place a call to other SIP providers (peering)

Peering is the term given to agreement between VoIP Service Providers which enables the users of one service to call users of another. This is usually implemented by dialing a special prefix number and then the number of the receipitant (on the 'other' service). With Ekiga.net, you can use [prefixes]. Here are some exemples of prefixes:

You can also use the special prefix *013 to place a call using [[12]]. As prefixes do not have a standard, Enum tries to solve this situation. Some numbers you can dial using Ekiga.net:

• [fun numbers in the Ekiga online documentation]

How to search a contact in Ekiga White pages

People registered to Ekiga.net may be reached using the White Pages.

• Open the Address Book (Tools → Address Book), or click the address book button.
• Select "Ekiga White pages".

You can search the White pages by name, SIP address, or location. Up to 100 results are returned for any search.

Ekiga.net button for your web page

You can easily put a button on your web page showing your status: online or offline. If you're online, the visitor can place a call using the button. Here is what will appear on your web page:

In order to use it, simply add this to your web page: <script src=”http://www.ekiga.net/status/presence.php?user=YOUR_ID_ON_EKIGA.NET”></script> where YOUR_ID_ON_EKIGA.NET is simply your username.

Register to a commercial VoIP provider (landline and mobile phones)

You can register to a commercial VoIP provider to place calls to normal phone line or cell phone. Ekiga allows you to register with several VoIP providers.

Default provider

There is no obligation for you to use the default provider. The default provider is [Worldwide Communication Service], which offers these [[14]]

1. To purchase the account, go in Tools -> PC-To-Phone Account. You absolutely need to purchase the account from the PC-To-Phone configuration window or it won't work.
2. Once you have opened an account, login to your account to look up your Account Number and PIN. Don't confuse these with your username and password!
3. Enter the account number and PIN in the appropriate fields in the window and enable the PC-To-Phone service.
4. If you need to edit the account under Edit->Accounts, you should use account number and PIN here also, even though it says "user" and "password". :(

You are now ready to do PC-To-Phone calls at very low rates all over the world. To dial a number, simply add "00" followed by the country code, and by the phone number you want to reach. For example, sip:003210111111 to call number 10111111 in Belgium.

Broadvoice Support

In order to setup Ekiga to work with [[15]] which offer those [[16]], use the following settings. Figure out which proxy is closest to you:

1. proxy.lax.broadvoice.com
2. proxy.dca.broadvoice.com
3. proxy.mia.broadvoice.com
4. proxy.atl.broadvoice.com
5. proxy.chi.broadvoice.com
6. proxy.bos.broadvoice.com
7. proxy.nyc.broadvoice.com

Ekiga Preferences:

• SIP Settings → Outbound SIP Proxy: proxy.broadvoice.com
• Codecs → Video Codecs → Disable (uncheck) video support or else you will get a codec error.

Account Information:

• Registrar: sip.broadvoice.com
• User: <10 digit broadvoice telephone number>
• Password: <obtained requesting it from broadvoice support>
• Authentication Login: <10 digit broadvoice telephone number>
• Realm/Domain: sip.broadvoice.com or Broadworks

In the case where you need to troubleshoot, start ekiga with 'ekiga -d 4'

How to set up a Gizmo account

[[17]] offers those [[18]]. To subscibe an account, go [[19]] and open a Sipphone account. Then, with your account number and your password go [[20]], you'll be prompted to choose a Gizmo name. Now go to menu Edit → Accounts → Add

Then try the echo test: sip:[email protected]

How to set up a Wengo account

[[21]] offer this [[22]]. Once you've registered at https://secure.wengo.com/register/wengophone/index.php?yawl[S]=wengo.public.homePage&yawl[K]=wengo.subs_152.persistOffer&lang=eng , visit https://ws.wengo.fr/softphone-sso/sso.php?login=YOUR-EMAIL&password=YOUR-PASSWORD where YOUR-EMAIL and YOUR-PASSWORD are what you used when you registered your account. [will give you your real username and password]:

...
<userid>Username</userid>
...
<password>Password</password>
...

Now go to menu Edit → Accounts → Add

Now try the echo test: sip:[email protected]

Configuration

This section covers the configuration of Ekiga.

Network

Ekiga is able to use a [server]. In most cases the defaults should work fine, even for users of consumer-grade firewalls. However, for advanced users or complex setups, here is the list of ports used by Ekiga:

Date: December 2007 My router reports "Symmetric NAT" (which is a problem). After finding information on the Ekiga help site which mentions a script, and confused me in my newbie status, I used Ubuntu Forums and received a most helpful answer: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=4011798&posted=1#post4011798

Several Ekigas on a LAN

There are several programs which allow copies of Ekiga to communicate with each other; you can use a SIP proxy (like [[23]]) or a PBX (like [[24]]. Further information about Ekiga and Asterisk can be found on the [documentation]), or you can use Avahi.

Avahi

Avahi is the main implementation of [protocol] under Ubuntu (known as Rendezvous or Bonjour on Mac OS X). This technology allows automatic discovery of services. To set up Avahi, please follow the Zeroconf Howto. Other copies of Ekiga on the LAN should appear in the Address Book (third button on the left) if you double-click on Contacts Near Me.

Sound

This section is about testing and changing the sound configuration in Ekiga.

Test your computer

The audio test in the configuration druid will show you if there is any audio problem. In case of audio problem, to check if your computer meets the requirements for Ekiga, try this command|in a terminal:

$ arecord -D plughw:0,0 -c 1 -r 8000 -f S16_LE - | aplay -D plughw:0,0 -c 1 -r 8000 -f S16_LE -

Now, speak into your microphone. You should be able to hear yourself in your headset with a small delay (approximately half a second). If it doesn't work as expected, first try to setup correctly your audio desktop configuration: make sure your microphone is not muted and the volume levels are OK.

Ekiga and other audio applications

Ekiga is capable of running simultaneously with other sound applications (like music and video players). The following directions should be enough to accomplish this: From the Edit menu, choose Preferences → Devices → Audio Devices.

• Select "ALSA" as the audio plugin
• Select "Default" as output
• Select "Default" as input

Then, from the Edit menu, choose Preferences → General → Sound Events. Select "Default" as alternate device output.

• [documentation More about running Ekiga with other audio applications]

Webcam

Ekiga does not require a webcam.

• How to set up a webcam

Choosing the right webcam driver

The Linux kernel has two ways to communicate with video devices, the old v4l and the new v4l2. It's best to use v4l2, but some devices only support v4l. From the Edit menu, choose Preferences → Devices → Video device.

• Try "v4l2” or "v4l” as video plugin

Choosing the right video device

If you have several video devices (like a TV card and a webcam) you will need to tell Ekiga which one to use: From the Edit menu, choose Preferences → Devices → Video device. Change the channel number until you find the right one.

Test your webcam

To test your webcam, click the fourth of the six icons (a grey round webcam) on the left side of the main Ekiga window. If eveything is ok, you'll see the output of the webcam. If not, you'll see the Ekiga logo bouncing slowly.

More Options

Encrypt your calls

As Ekiga use a standard Sip protocol, your calls can easily be encrypted using [[25]] Next version (3.2) should support natively Zphone

Install the latest version

Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon ships with Ekiga version 2.0.11 (18th october 2007). Please upgrade.

Development snapshots

{{https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Ekiga?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=ekiga3_03-19-2008.png%7D%7D The Ekiga team maintains this [to Ekiga version 3.0].

Install using a repository

You can get the latest development snapshots from [[26]]. Installing them may solve problems you are experiencing, but be aware that the snapshots could also cause more problems. This package will replace your actual and stable version.

Add this GPG key to verify the repository

• Add the key to your key list

$ gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 3596ED6E

• Add the key to apt utils

$ gpg --export --armor 3596ED6E | sudo apt-key add -

Add the repositories

Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy)

• The Ekiga SVN snapshot repository

deb http://snapshots.ekiga.net/snapshots/ubuntu/ hardy main

• The hardy-updates repository (official)

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main multiverse

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy)

• The Ekiga SVN snapshot repository

deb http://snapshots.ekiga.net/snapshots/ubuntu/ gutsy main

• The gutsy-updates repository (official)

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse

Install Ekiga

• Install the package ekiga-snapshot

Optionnaly you can add more features installing those packages:

• for webcam support using only V4L API: libpt-snapshot-plugins-v4l
• FireWire camera AVC video support: libpt-snapshot-plugins-avc
• FireWire camera DC video support: libpt-snapshot-plugins-dc
• The H264 Video codec: libopal-snapshot-plugins-h264

Compile

You can also try to compile Ekiga SVN yourself following this how-to: [your own SVN version of Ekiga on Ubuntu] (Gutsy and Hardy)

Gutsy 7.10 Troubleshooting

Malformed Ekiga dialog box

The first time you run Ekiga, the Ekiga's configuration wizard appears; in Step 5 Ekiga detect NAT Type. With Visual Effects enabled (Compiz), the dialog box with the results is unresizable and too small to read the results it produces. Workaround: Disable Visual Effects, from the System menu, choose Preferences → Appearance → Visual Effects. Select "None". Restart Ekiga. Further informations on this bug [[27]].

Edgy 6.10 Troubleshooting

Ekiga crash on exit

A bug in Ubuntu 6.10 makes [crash on exit]. If you experience "bug buddy" showing up on exit, install [package] on your system. Please, do not send a [report about this issue]. Thank you.

The webcam shows only a grey image

Try|this.

See also

• InternetApplications
• WengoPhone
• Skype
• SoftPhone

External links

• To read the Ekiga Documentation : run Ekiga and press F1 (requires yelp)
• [website]
• [FAQ]
• [online documentation]
• [[28]] is a full featured PABX including VoIP facitlies which complement Ekiga's capabilities.
• Ekiga needs you! [spread Ekiga!]

• Discuss this page