“UbuntuHelp:EclipseIDE”的版本间的差异

2007年11月22日 (四) 12:26的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EclipseIDE

点击翻译:

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

Parent page: Programming Applications

Introduction

Eclipse is an Integrated Development Environment or IDE. The Eclipse was originally created by IBM, but the Eclipse Foundation has since taken over direction and development of the project. Eclipse started out as a Java IDE, but has since grown into much more.

Installation

Install the eclipse package from the Universe repository.

See InstallingSoftware for detailed instructions on using repositories and package managers.

Eclipse and Sun Java

By default, the eclipse which is packaged with Ubuntu runs with the GCJ JVM and not the JVM supplied by Sun Microsystems even if you have installed the Sun version (from the Multiverse repository).

Note: if you're using Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper) you'll need to install sun-java6-jre from the dapper-backports Multiverse repository. Please take a look at UbuntuBackports for more information on using backport repositories.

In order to load eclipse with the Sun JVM, edit the /etc/eclipse/java_home file.

• Add the path of the Sun JVM above the GCJ JVM entry.

/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
/usr/lib/jvm/java-gcj
[...]

• To ensure that the change has happened open Eclipse and click on Help -> About Eclipse SDK -> Configuration details look for this line:

[...]
-vm
/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/bin/java
[...]

As an added bonus you may also enjoy a speed up after doing this.

Sun JVM System Wide

You may also want to use the Sun JVM system wide. Enabling the Sun JVM is a snap using update-java-alternatives.

• • • First find out which versions of java you have installed through Ubuntu.

sudo update-java-alternatives --list

output:

java-1.5.0-sun 53 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-sun
java-6-sun 63 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun

• • • Next, specify the one you want to become the default.

sudo update-java-alternatives --set java-6-sun

Note: The JVMs listed may differ depending on the version of Ubuntu you're using and the setup of your system. The important thing is to choose the JVM with sun in the title.

Using Sun Java as the Default JRE for Eclipse Projects

To use the java-6-sun as the default JRE within Eclipse and to have it used in the build path of Java projects click on Window -> Preferences -> Java -> Installed JREs and you will see the current JRE's available to Eclipse. To add java-6-sun click the Add... button. A dialog window will come up with configuration options. First set the JRE home directory by clicking the Browse button and navigating to /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun. After selecting this location the rest of the fields should be filled out automatically. Hit OK, and back in the Installed JREs area, place a check box next to java-6-sun to set it as the Eclipse default JRE.

• Note: This is already set in Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy)

Java3d

Java3d is now supported for use with Eclipse on Ubuntu, see Java3dUbuntu.

Installing Plugins

One of the great features of Eclipse is the wide variety of plugins available for the platform. See Eclipse Plugin Central for details on individual plugins. One of the simplest ways to install Eclipse Plugins is through the Update Manager, accessed in Eclipse by selecting Help -> Software Updates -> Find and Install.

Plugin Installation Example

In this example we'll install the RDT (Ruby Development Tools) plugin. This plugin will give Eclipse support for the Ruby programming language.

To install RDT:

• Open Eclipse and click on Help -> Software Updates -> Find and Install. This will bring up a dialog allowing you to choose from updates to currently installed features or finding new features to install.
• Choose Search for new features to install -> Next.
• Click the New Remote Site button. A dialog opens allowing you to input the location of the plugin you wish to install.
• In the Name: box place RDT (or Ruby if that's more descriptive).
• In URL: type http://updatesite.rubypeople.org/release. Then click Ok.
  • You should now see RDT in the list of Sites to include in search: box.
• Click on Finish
• A dialog to install RDT should now appear. Click the checkbox next to RDT in the Select features to install: area.
• Click Next -> Accept the License Agreement -> Next -> Finish
• A Feature Verification dialog will appear click Install All.
• After the plugin installs click Yes to restart Eclipse.

That's all there is to it you can now create Ruby projects and enjoy all the features of the Eclipse IDE.

Note: Most plugins will have a link to the url that you can paste into the udpate manager.

Other Plugin Guides

• See UbuntuHelp:PHPEclipse for detailed instructions on installing and using that plugin.

Plugin Troubleshooting

Some plugins do not seem to function properly when running Eclipse normally, such as BIRT. Running Eclipse with the following options may fix the plugin:

eclipse -vm $JAVA_HOME/bin/java -ws gtk

User installation

Use this method if you want Eclipse available only for yourself, or if you do not have root access to the computer.

Eclipse

• Make an opt folder in your home directory:

$ mkdir ~/opt

• Unzip eclipse in the opt folder:

$ unzip eclipse-platform-3.1.2-linux-gtk.zip -d ~/opt

• Make a bin folder in your home directory, this will be used for the startup script:

$ mkdir ~/bin

• Create ~/bin/eclipse with your favorite text editor (e.g vi ~/bin/eclipse) and add the following content:

#!/bin/sh
export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME="/usr/lib/mozilla/"
export ECLIPSE_HOME="$HOME/opt/eclipse"

$ECLIPSE_HOME/eclipse $*

• Finally, allow the script to be executed:

$ chmod +x ~/bin/eclipse

Gnome icon

• Create a new launcher on the desktop (right click on the desktop -> Create Launcher) or on a panel (right click on a panel -> Add to Panel -> Custom Application Launcher)
  • Name: Eclipse Platform
  • Command: /home/<your username>/bin/eclipse
  • Icon: /home/<your username>/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm

General Troubleshooting

Below are some reported errors and the appropriate fixes

No Java Virtual Machine found

If installing Eclipse seems to work, but trying to run it results only in the following error message:

A Java Runtime Environment (JRE) or Java Development Kit (JDK)
must be available in order to run Eclipse. No Java virtual machine
was found after searching the following locations:
/usr/lib/j2sdk1.4-sun/bin/java

You either have no Java Virtual Machine installed or Eclipse cannot find it. Above on this page it shows that you can check what versions of java are installed by running the following command:

sudo update-java-alternatives --list

If the output of that is just awk errors about missing /usr/lib/jvm/*.jinfo files, it appears there are no Java Virtual Machines installed, and you could install one (and generally fix this error) by running:

sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk

During the installation you must agree to the Sun license. Check and see if Eclipse launches normally now.

If it still reports the same error as above after installation of a JVM and running your "... --list" command above now results in output like:

java-6-sun 63 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun

Make sure that the detected directory (the /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun part) appears as the first line without a "#" in front of it in:

sudo gedit /etc/eclipse/java_home

This should allow Eclipse to find your JVM.

The Eclipse executable launcher was unable to locate its companion startup.jar

If the following error is encountered when running eclipse from the launcher:

The Eclipse executable launcher was unable to locate its companion startup.jar file (in the same directory as the executable)

Edit /usr/bin/eclipse with a text editor (e.g sudo gedit /usr/bin/eclipse) and change the content to the following:

#!/bin/sh

# Eclipse startup script
# JPackage Project <http://www.jpackage.org/>
# $Id$

ECLIPSE_OPTS=""
VM_OPTS=""

# Source system prefs
if [ -r /etc/eclipse.conf ] ; then
** /etc/eclipse.conf
fi

# Source user prefs
if [ -r $HOME/.eclipserc ] ; then
** $HOME/.eclipserc
fi

# Set data dir if -data wasn't given.
if ! echo $@ | grep '\-data ' >/dev/null 2>&1 && [ -n "$USER_DIR" ]; then
ECLIPSE_OPTS="$ECLIPSE_OPTS -data $USER_DIR"
fi

# Find our JVM.
# if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" -a -r /usr/share/java-utils/java-functions ]; then
#   . /usr/share/java-utils/java-functions
#   set_javacmd
# fi

JAVACMD="/usr/lib/j2re1.5-sun/bin/java"

# Set JVM if -vm wasn't given.
if ! echo $@ | grep '\-vm ' >/dev/null 2>&1 && [ -n "$JAVACMD" ]; then
ECLIPSE_OPTS="$ECLIPSE_OPTS -vm $JAVACMD"
fi

# Set JVM args if -vmargs wasn't given.  This needs to be the last option.
if ! echo $@ | grep '\-vmargs ' >/dev/null 2>&1 && [ -n "$VM_ARGS" ]; then
VM_OPTS="-vmargs $VM_ARGS"
fi

# if [ -w $USER_DIR/.metadata/.config/platform.cfg ]; then
#   perl -p -i.bak -e 's|^site\.[0-9]*\.list\.[0-9]*=.*\n||g;' $USER_DIR/.metadata/.config/platform.cfg
# fi

/opt/eclipse/eclipse $ECLIPSE_OPTS $@ $VM_OPTS

• Source: http://www.karakas-online.de/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2565

Notes

• This guide has been tested using Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper), Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty), Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy).
  • Except for section 5 User Installation.
    • Not sure if that section is really needed???
      • Yes, it is needed for eclipse 3.3 for Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty) and earlier