“UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades”的版本间的差异
来自Ubuntu中文
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
This page will explain how to upgrade an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-of-life_(product) End of Life (EOL)] release of Ubuntu to a supported system. This guide is not limited to Ubuntu (with the Gnome desktop), any Ubuntu flavor (Kubuntu/Edubuntu and/or server installation and others) can use this guide. | This page will explain how to upgrade an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-of-life_(product) End of Life (EOL)] release of Ubuntu to a supported system. This guide is not limited to Ubuntu (with the Gnome desktop), any Ubuntu flavor (Kubuntu/Edubuntu and/or server installation and others) can use this guide. | ||
| − | For upgrading supported releases please refer to [[UbuntuHelp:Upgrades| this document]]. | + | For upgrading supported releases please refer to [[UbuntuHelp:Upgrades| this document]]. Mac users may have some difficulty upgrading to the most current release around versions 7.04/7.10. |
If you want to know whether your release is EOL please have a look at the following resources: | If you want to know whether your release is EOL please have a look at the following resources: | ||
| + | * https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases | ||
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases | ||
* http://www.ubuntu.com/products/ubuntu/release-cycle | * http://www.ubuntu.com/products/ubuntu/release-cycle | ||
These guides assumes that the user knows his way on the terminal, as no graphical tools are used. This said, the steps for executing all the commands are actually copy/paste-able so everyone, from beginner to advanced user running EOL releases of Ubuntu can execute the upgrade(s). | These guides assumes that the user knows his way on the terminal, as no graphical tools are used. This said, the steps for executing all the commands are actually copy/paste-able so everyone, from beginner to advanced user running EOL releases of Ubuntu can execute the upgrade(s). | ||
In case of problems you should be aware that most (if not all) of the releases which are mentioned in this guide are UNSUPPORTED, and getting help may be a bit tricky since most of us have already upgraded to a more recent version of Ubuntu. You could always try to run the upgrade path first in a virtual machine (vmware/virtualbox/qemu or others). All the upgrades of this guide were performed and tested in virtual machines (except for 6.10 to 7.10 which were executed on a Compaq/HP laptop NC6000). You can make a backup of your disks/partitions using [http://www.clonezilla.org clonezilla]. | In case of problems you should be aware that most (if not all) of the releases which are mentioned in this guide are UNSUPPORTED, and getting help may be a bit tricky since most of us have already upgraded to a more recent version of Ubuntu. You could always try to run the upgrade path first in a virtual machine (vmware/virtualbox/qemu or others). All the upgrades of this guide were performed and tested in virtual machines (except for 6.10 to 7.10 which were executed on a Compaq/HP laptop NC6000). You can make a backup of your disks/partitions using [http://www.clonezilla.org clonezilla]. | ||
| − | === Why upgrade | + | === Why upgrade === |
Why should you upgrade in stead of performing a clean install of a supported version? Some don't like to perform new installations when there is a possibility to upgrade. The advantage of this is that you can keep your current configuration without having to change much. This is often the case in production environments where you don't want to lose a machine just because it needs a higher OS version. | Why should you upgrade in stead of performing a clean install of a supported version? Some don't like to perform new installations when there is a possibility to upgrade. The advantage of this is that you can keep your current configuration without having to change much. This is often the case in production environments where you don't want to lose a machine just because it needs a higher OS version. | ||
The scientific approach. It is possible to do, so why wouldn't we give it a shot? | The scientific approach. It is possible to do, so why wouldn't we give it a shot? | ||
This is how I started out writing this guide. I had to help someone else, who was in another timezone and I thought my sleep was precious so I wrote a guide telling him how to upgrade to 8.04. When I was finished I decided it was fun to see if I could upgrade from 4.10 to the most current version (I admit, I took a shortcut when I arrived at 6.06, I upgraded directly to 8.04). | This is how I started out writing this guide. I had to help someone else, who was in another timezone and I thought my sleep was precious so I wrote a guide telling him how to upgrade to 8.04. When I was finished I decided it was fun to see if I could upgrade from 4.10 to the most current version (I admit, I took a shortcut when I arrived at 6.06, I upgraded directly to 8.04). | ||
| − | The last reason is a | + | The last reason is more a flame, why would we do it the Microsoft way? If we don't know, just restart... Why don't we try to fix the issue, even if it takes a bit more time. The time it takes per upgrade is dependent on your installation. |
| + | There are reasons why one should not upgrade, but rather reinstall. | ||
| + | From 9.04 (jaunty) ext4 becomes available. If you want to benefit from the new features ext4 has you then you might just as well reinstall one of the supported releases (LTS and non-LTS). | ||
== Upgrade == | == Upgrade == | ||
| − | This guide consists out of | + | This guide consists out of four main parts. |
| − | The first part will | + | The first part will cover upgrading from 8.10 to 9.04 and up (eventually to 10.04). We will do the following upgrades, 8.10 to 9.04 to 9.10 to 10.04 LTS. |
| − | The | + | The second part will cover upgrading from 6.10 to 8.04.3 LTS. We will do the following upgrades, 6.10 to 7.04 to 7.10 to 8.04.3 LTS. |
| − | The | + | The third part covers upgrading from 6.06 LTS to 8.04.3 LTS. This is the preferred way of upgrading to 8.04.3 from 6.06. You will not need to upgrade to 7.x. At the time of writing this is not an EOL upgrade. |
| + | The fourth part will be about upgrading 4.10 to 6.06.2 LTS. We will do the following upgrades, 4.10 to 5.04 to 5.10 to 6.06.2 LTS. | ||
Note:: Ubuntu 6.06's support has ended in June 2009 for desktops and will end June 2011 for servers. This will mean a lot of desktop applications are not supported/updated anymore. See [http://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security//dapper/supported.txt this list] of supported packages. Upgrading 6.06.x to 8.04 is regarded as a regular upgrade. Please see [[UbuntuHelp:DapperUpgrades|DapperUpgrades]] or [[UbuntuHelp:HardyUpgrades|HardyUpgrades]] for more information. | Note:: Ubuntu 6.06's support has ended in June 2009 for desktops and will end June 2011 for servers. This will mean a lot of desktop applications are not supported/updated anymore. See [http://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security//dapper/supported.txt this list] of supported packages. Upgrading 6.06.x to 8.04 is regarded as a regular upgrade. Please see [[UbuntuHelp:DapperUpgrades|DapperUpgrades]] or [[UbuntuHelp:HardyUpgrades|HardyUpgrades]] for more information. | ||
=== Requirements === | === Requirements === | ||
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==== Dependencies ==== | ==== Dependencies ==== | ||
You should also make sure some meta-packages are installed so the upgrade can continue without problems: | You should also make sure some meta-packages are installed so the upgrade can continue without problems: | ||
| + | ===== Update-manager ===== | ||
| + | From version 6.06 and up you will need to install the [[UbuntuHelp:apt:update-manager-core,update-manager|update-manager and update-manager-core]] packages. | ||
| + | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | sudo aptitude install update-manager update-manager-core | ||
| + | </nowiki></pre> | ||
===== Ubuntu-desktops ===== | ===== Ubuntu-desktops ===== | ||
If you run a particular desktop version, you might want to reinstall this package to resolve any issue with dependencies of that package. You can (re)install these -desktop packages before or after your upgrade. | If you run a particular desktop version, you might want to reinstall this package to resolve any issue with dependencies of that package. You can (re)install these -desktop packages before or after your upgrade. | ||
| − | + | To find out if you which desktop package you want to (re)install: `dpkg -l | grep tu-desktop`. Or search for one by running `aptitude search tu-desktop`. The correct commands to (re)install are: | |
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | # The Kubuntu desktop | ||
| + | sudo aptitude install kubuntu-desktop | ||
| + | # or | ||
sudo aptitude reinstall kubuntu-desktop | sudo aptitude reinstall kubuntu-desktop | ||
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</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
===== Kernels ===== | ===== Kernels ===== | ||
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* 8.04 and up: [[UbuntuHelp:apt:linux-image-generic,linux-headers-generic|apt:linux-image-generic,linux-headers-generic]], [[UbuntuHelp:apt:linux-image-server,linux-headers-server|apt:linux-image-server,linux-headers-server]] or [[UbuntuHelp:apt:linux-image-virtual,linux-headers-virtual|apt:linux-image-virtual,linux-headers-virtual]] | * 8.04 and up: [[UbuntuHelp:apt:linux-image-generic,linux-headers-generic|apt:linux-image-generic,linux-headers-generic]], [[UbuntuHelp:apt:linux-image-server,linux-headers-server|apt:linux-image-server,linux-headers-server]] or [[UbuntuHelp:apt:linux-image-virtual,linux-headers-virtual|apt:linux-image-virtual,linux-headers-virtual]] | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
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sudo aptitude install linux-image-virtual linux-headers-virtual | sudo aptitude install linux-image-virtual linux-headers-virtual | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
| − | + | * 5.04: linux-image-386 and linux-headers-386 | |
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| − | sudo aptitude install | + | sudo aptitude install linux-image-386 linux-headers-386 |
| + | </nowiki></pre> | ||
| + | * 4.10: linux-image-386 and linux-kernel-headers | ||
| + | <pre><nowiki> | ||
| + | sudo aptitude install linux-image-386 linux-kernel-headers | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
=== Known issues === | === Known issues === | ||
Some issues are related to apt-get upgrade and dist-upgrade commands. If you get calculation errors when running do-release-upgrade you can resolve this issue by running `do-release-upgrade -m desktop` or you can remove the ubuntu-desktop package. When aptitude is used there is no need for this. Please follow the guide exactly, when this guide wants to use apt-get, it will tell you :) | Some issues are related to apt-get upgrade and dist-upgrade commands. If you get calculation errors when running do-release-upgrade you can resolve this issue by running `do-release-upgrade -m desktop` or you can remove the ubuntu-desktop package. When aptitude is used there is no need for this. Please follow the guide exactly, when this guide wants to use apt-get, it will tell you :) | ||
If you run into individual dependency issues you need to resolve these individually. You can use `sudo apt-get -f install` for this. And then continue by running e.g. `sudo ./feisty --frontend DistUpgradeViewTextm -mode=server`. Replace feisty with the release where you upgrade to, this will continue the do-release-upgrade process. | If you run into individual dependency issues you need to resolve these individually. You can use `sudo apt-get -f install` for this. And then continue by running e.g. `sudo ./feisty --frontend DistUpgradeViewTextm -mode=server`. Replace feisty with the release where you upgrade to, this will continue the do-release-upgrade process. | ||
| + | == 8.10 to 9.04 (Intrepid to Jaunty) == | ||
| + | This upgrade exercise has been executed on a fresh install of Ubuntu 8.10 and we will upgrade to 9.04. | ||
| + | Intrepid 8.10 to Jaunty 9.04:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Intrepid|EOLUpgrades/Intrepid]] | ||
| + | == 6.10 to 8.04 (Edgy to Hardy) == | ||
| + | This upgrade exercise has been executed on a fresh install of Ubuntu 6.10 and we will upgrade to 8.04.3 LTS. | ||
| + | Edgy 6.10 to Feisty 7.04:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Edgy|EOLUpgrades/Edgy]] | ||
| + | Feisty 7.04 to Gutsy 7.10:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Feisty|EOLUpgrades/Feisty]] | ||
| + | Gutsy 7.10 to Hardy 8.04:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Gutsy|EOLUpgrades/Gutsy]] | ||
| + | == 6.06 to 8.04.3 (Dapper to Hardy) == | ||
| + | Dapper 6.06 to Hardy 8.04.3:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Dapper|EOLUpgrades/Dapper]] | ||
== 4.10 to 6.06 (Warty to Dapper) == | == 4.10 to 6.06 (Warty to Dapper) == | ||
This upgrade exercise has been executed on a fresh install of Ubuntu 4.10 and we will upgrade to 6.06.2 LTS. | This upgrade exercise has been executed on a fresh install of Ubuntu 4.10 and we will upgrade to 6.06.2 LTS. | ||
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Hoary 5.04 to Breezy 5.10:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Hoary|EOLUpgrades/Hoary]] | Hoary 5.04 to Breezy 5.10:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Hoary|EOLUpgrades/Hoary]] | ||
Breezy 5.10 to Dapper 6.06.2:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Breezy|EOLUpgrades/Breezy]] | Breezy 5.10 to Dapper 6.06.2:: [[UbuntuHelp:EOLUpgrades/Breezy|EOLUpgrades/Breezy]] | ||
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== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
Upgrade path: | Upgrade path: | ||
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* https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/319324 - I suspect this is a follow up bug on 264181 | * https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/319324 - I suspect this is a follow up bug on 264181 | ||
== Comments == | == Comments == | ||
| − | If you think something is incorrect on this page please contact me. | + | If you think something is incorrect on this page please contact me. You can find my contact details [[UbuntuHelp:wesleys|here]]. |
I would also like to hear from you if this guide didn't help you, the more feedback I get, the better this guide will get. | I would also like to hear from you if this guide didn't help you, the more feedback I get, the better this guide will get. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
2010年5月19日 (三) 22:16的最新版本
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点击翻译: |
English |
请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。 |
- title Upgrading End of Life releases
目录
Introduction
This page will explain how to upgrade an End of Life (EOL) release of Ubuntu to a supported system. This guide is not limited to Ubuntu (with the Gnome desktop), any Ubuntu flavor (Kubuntu/Edubuntu and/or server installation and others) can use this guide. For upgrading supported releases please refer to this document. Mac users may have some difficulty upgrading to the most current release around versions 7.04/7.10. If you want to know whether your release is EOL please have a look at the following resources:
- https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases
- http://www.ubuntu.com/products/ubuntu/release-cycle
These guides assumes that the user knows his way on the terminal, as no graphical tools are used. This said, the steps for executing all the commands are actually copy/paste-able so everyone, from beginner to advanced user running EOL releases of Ubuntu can execute the upgrade(s). In case of problems you should be aware that most (if not all) of the releases which are mentioned in this guide are UNSUPPORTED, and getting help may be a bit tricky since most of us have already upgraded to a more recent version of Ubuntu. You could always try to run the upgrade path first in a virtual machine (vmware/virtualbox/qemu or others). All the upgrades of this guide were performed and tested in virtual machines (except for 6.10 to 7.10 which were executed on a Compaq/HP laptop NC6000). You can make a backup of your disks/partitions using clonezilla.
Why upgrade
Why should you upgrade in stead of performing a clean install of a supported version? Some don't like to perform new installations when there is a possibility to upgrade. The advantage of this is that you can keep your current configuration without having to change much. This is often the case in production environments where you don't want to lose a machine just because it needs a higher OS version. The scientific approach. It is possible to do, so why wouldn't we give it a shot? This is how I started out writing this guide. I had to help someone else, who was in another timezone and I thought my sleep was precious so I wrote a guide telling him how to upgrade to 8.04. When I was finished I decided it was fun to see if I could upgrade from 4.10 to the most current version (I admit, I took a shortcut when I arrived at 6.06, I upgraded directly to 8.04). The last reason is more a flame, why would we do it the Microsoft way? If we don't know, just restart... Why don't we try to fix the issue, even if it takes a bit more time. The time it takes per upgrade is dependent on your installation. There are reasons why one should not upgrade, but rather reinstall. From 9.04 (jaunty) ext4 becomes available. If you want to benefit from the new features ext4 has you then you might just as well reinstall one of the supported releases (LTS and non-LTS).
Upgrade
This guide consists out of four main parts. The first part will cover upgrading from 8.10 to 9.04 and up (eventually to 10.04). We will do the following upgrades, 8.10 to 9.04 to 9.10 to 10.04 LTS. The second part will cover upgrading from 6.10 to 8.04.3 LTS. We will do the following upgrades, 6.10 to 7.04 to 7.10 to 8.04.3 LTS. The third part covers upgrading from 6.06 LTS to 8.04.3 LTS. This is the preferred way of upgrading to 8.04.3 from 6.06. You will not need to upgrade to 7.x. At the time of writing this is not an EOL upgrade. The fourth part will be about upgrading 4.10 to 6.06.2 LTS. We will do the following upgrades, 4.10 to 5.04 to 5.10 to 6.06.2 LTS. Note:: Ubuntu 6.06's support has ended in June 2009 for desktops and will end June 2011 for servers. This will mean a lot of desktop applications are not supported/updated anymore. See this list of supported packages. Upgrading 6.06.x to 8.04 is regarded as a regular upgrade. Please see DapperUpgrades or HardyUpgrades for more information.
Requirements
/etc/apt/sources.list
Please make sure you have the following sources.list, change CODENAME to your release, e.g. breezy.
# Required deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ CODENAME main restricted universe multiverse deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ CODENAME-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ CODENAME-security main restricted universe multiverse # Optional #deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ CODENAME-backports main restricted universe multiverse
You can make use of -backports if you want, or -proposed. For more information about repositories https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu
Dependencies
You should also make sure some meta-packages are installed so the upgrade can continue without problems:
Update-manager
From version 6.06 and up you will need to install the update-manager and update-manager-core packages.
sudo aptitude install update-manager update-manager-core
Ubuntu-desktops
If you run a particular desktop version, you might want to reinstall this package to resolve any issue with dependencies of that package. You can (re)install these -desktop packages before or after your upgrade. To find out if you which desktop package you want to (re)install: `dpkg -l | grep tu-desktop`. Or search for one by running `aptitude search tu-desktop`. The correct commands to (re)install are:
# The Kubuntu desktop sudo aptitude install kubuntu-desktop # or sudo aptitude reinstall kubuntu-desktop
Kernels
- 8.04 and up: apt:linux-image-generic,linux-headers-generic, apt:linux-image-server,linux-headers-server or apt:linux-image-virtual,linux-headers-virtual
sudo aptitude install linux-image-generic linux-headers-generic # or sudo aptitude install linux-image-server linux-headers-server # or sudo aptitude install linux-image-virtual linux-headers-virtual
- 5.04: linux-image-386 and linux-headers-386
sudo aptitude install linux-image-386 linux-headers-386
- 4.10: linux-image-386 and linux-kernel-headers
sudo aptitude install linux-image-386 linux-kernel-headers
Known issues
Some issues are related to apt-get upgrade and dist-upgrade commands. If you get calculation errors when running do-release-upgrade you can resolve this issue by running `do-release-upgrade -m desktop` or you can remove the ubuntu-desktop package. When aptitude is used there is no need for this. Please follow the guide exactly, when this guide wants to use apt-get, it will tell you :) If you run into individual dependency issues you need to resolve these individually. You can use `sudo apt-get -f install` for this. And then continue by running e.g. `sudo ./feisty --frontend DistUpgradeViewTextm -mode=server`. Replace feisty with the release where you upgrade to, this will continue the do-release-upgrade process.
8.10 to 9.04 (Intrepid to Jaunty)
This upgrade exercise has been executed on a fresh install of Ubuntu 8.10 and we will upgrade to 9.04. Intrepid 8.10 to Jaunty 9.04:: EOLUpgrades/Intrepid
6.10 to 8.04 (Edgy to Hardy)
This upgrade exercise has been executed on a fresh install of Ubuntu 6.10 and we will upgrade to 8.04.3 LTS. Edgy 6.10 to Feisty 7.04:: EOLUpgrades/Edgy Feisty 7.04 to Gutsy 7.10:: EOLUpgrades/Feisty Gutsy 7.10 to Hardy 8.04:: EOLUpgrades/Gutsy
6.06 to 8.04.3 (Dapper to Hardy)
Dapper 6.06 to Hardy 8.04.3:: EOLUpgrades/Dapper
4.10 to 6.06 (Warty to Dapper)
This upgrade exercise has been executed on a fresh install of Ubuntu 4.10 and we will upgrade to 6.06.2 LTS. Warty 4.10 to Hoary 5.04:: EOLUpgrades/Warty Hoary 5.04 to Breezy 5.10:: EOLUpgrades/Hoary Breezy 5.10 to Dapper 6.06.2:: EOLUpgrades/Breezy
See Also
Upgrade path:
- https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HardyUpgrades - Upgrade process from Breezy (6.06) and Gutsy (7.10) to Hardy (8.04)
Bugs:
- https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/264181 - Bug where EOL to supported version upgrade fails (FIXED)
- https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/319324 - I suspect this is a follow up bug on 264181
Comments
If you think something is incorrect on this page please contact me. You can find my contact details here. I would also like to hear from you if this guide didn't help you, the more feedback I get, the better this guide will get.
