“UbuntuHelp:ClamAV”的版本间的差异
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{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:ClamAV}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:ClamAV}} | ||
[http://www.clamav.net/ ClamAV] is a command line virus scanner. It can only detect viruses; it cannot remove them from files. It detects viruses on all platforms, but due to the popularity of the platform, it primarily detects Windows viruses and malware. | [http://www.clamav.net/ ClamAV] is a command line virus scanner. It can only detect viruses; it cannot remove them from files. It detects viruses on all platforms, but due to the popularity of the platform, it primarily detects Windows viruses and malware. | ||
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Others antivirus running on Ubuntu can be found [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Antivirus here]. | Others antivirus running on Ubuntu can be found [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Antivirus here]. | ||
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=== Installing ClamAV === | === Installing ClamAV === | ||
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ClamAV is in the Universe repository. (If you do not have Universe enabled, see AddingRepositoriesHowto). | ClamAV is in the Universe repository. (If you do not have Universe enabled, see AddingRepositoriesHowto). | ||
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ClamAV has two modes of operation; a program that loads into memory only when you want to scan a file, or for more regular use (such as scanning all incoming e-mail), a program that connects to a [http://www.wlug.org.nz/Daemon daemon] that is always running. | ClamAV has two modes of operation; a program that loads into memory only when you want to scan a file, or for more regular use (such as scanning all incoming e-mail), a program that connects to a [http://www.wlug.org.nz/Daemon daemon] that is always running. | ||
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Database updates can also be downloaded automatically . | Database updates can also be downloaded automatically . | ||
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* For manual use: install the package <code><nowiki>clamav</nowiki></code>. | * For manual use: install the package <code><nowiki>clamav</nowiki></code>. | ||
* For automated use: install the package <code><nowiki>clamav-daemon</nowiki></code>. | * For automated use: install the package <code><nowiki>clamav-daemon</nowiki></code>. | ||
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Both methods will also install <code><nowiki>clamav-freshclam</nowiki></code>, the updater. | Both methods will also install <code><nowiki>clamav-freshclam</nowiki></code>, the updater. | ||
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After installing, you may be asked some questions about how to get virus signature updates. Select the download site closest to you. ClamAV updates are a very small download and it is well worth scheduling them to happen automatically. | After installing, you may be asked some questions about how to get virus signature updates. Select the download site closest to you. ClamAV updates are a very small download and it is well worth scheduling them to happen automatically. | ||
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=== Using ClamAV === | === Using ClamAV === | ||
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'''How can I...''' | '''How can I...''' | ||
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==== Update my virus definitions? ==== | ==== Update my virus definitions? ==== | ||
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Use <code><nowiki>freshclam</nowiki></code>. | Use <code><nowiki>freshclam</nowiki></code>. | ||
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You will see an output like this: | You will see an output like this: | ||
<pre><nowiki>user@ubuntu:/etc/clamav # freshclam | <pre><nowiki>user@ubuntu:/etc/clamav # freshclam | ||
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daily.cvd is up to date (version: 855, sigs: 714, f-level: 4, builder: ccordes) | daily.cvd is up to date (version: 855, sigs: 714, f-level: 4, builder: ccordes) | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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===== Proxy ===== | ===== Proxy ===== | ||
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If you are using a http proxy to connect to the internet you will have to edit the file /etc/clamav/freshclam.conf adding: | If you are using a http proxy to connect to the internet you will have to edit the file /etc/clamav/freshclam.conf adding: | ||
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<pre><nowiki>HTTPProxyServer serveraddress | <pre><nowiki>HTTPProxyServer serveraddress | ||
HTTPProxyPort portnumber | HTTPProxyPort portnumber | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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==== Scan files for viruses using clamav? ==== | ==== Scan files for viruses using clamav? ==== | ||
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Use <code><nowiki>clamscan</nowiki></code>. | Use <code><nowiki>clamscan</nowiki></code>. | ||
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Examples: | Examples: | ||
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* To check files in the all users home directories: <code><nowiki>clamscan -r /home</nowiki></code> | * To check files in the all users home directories: <code><nowiki>clamscan -r /home</nowiki></code> | ||
* To check all files on the computer, displaying the name of each file: <code><nowiki>clamscan -r / </nowiki></code> | * To check all files on the computer, displaying the name of each file: <code><nowiki>clamscan -r / </nowiki></code> | ||
* To check all files on the computer, but only display infected files and ring a bell when found: <code><nowiki>clamscan -r --bell -i /</nowiki></code> | * To check all files on the computer, but only display infected files and ring a bell when found: <code><nowiki>clamscan -r --bell -i /</nowiki></code> | ||
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When ClamAV has scanned all the files you asked it to, it will report a summary: | When ClamAV has scanned all the files you asked it to, it will report a summary: | ||
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<pre><nowiki>----------- SCAN SUMMARY ----------- | <pre><nowiki>----------- SCAN SUMMARY ----------- | ||
Known viruses: 33840 | Known viruses: 33840 | ||
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Time: 20.831 sec (0 m 20 s) | Time: 20.831 sec (0 m 20 s) | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=info.png ClamAV can only read files that the user running it can read. If you want to check all files on the system, use the <code><nowiki>sudo</nowiki></code> command (see UsingSudo for more information). | https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=info.png ClamAV can only read files that the user running it can read. If you want to check all files on the system, use the <code><nowiki>sudo</nowiki></code> command (see UsingSudo for more information). | ||
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==== Run ClamAV as a daemon? ==== | ==== Run ClamAV as a daemon? ==== | ||
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Install <code><nowiki>clamav-daemon</nowiki></code>. You can then use <code><nowiki>clamdscan</nowiki></code> where you would previously have used <code><nowiki>clamscan</nowiki></code>. | Install <code><nowiki>clamav-daemon</nowiki></code>. You can then use <code><nowiki>clamdscan</nowiki></code> where you would previously have used <code><nowiki>clamscan</nowiki></code>. | ||
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Lots of programs, especially e-mail servers, can connect to a ClamAV daemon. This speeds up virus scanning as the program is always in memory. | Lots of programs, especially e-mail servers, can connect to a ClamAV daemon. This speeds up virus scanning as the program is always in memory. | ||
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The <code><nowiki>clamav-daemon</nowiki></code> package creates a 'clamav' user; in order to allow ClamAV to scan system files, such as your mail spool, you can add clamav to the group that owns the files. | The <code><nowiki>clamav-daemon</nowiki></code> package creates a 'clamav' user; in order to allow ClamAV to scan system files, such as your mail spool, you can add clamav to the group that owns the files. | ||
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==== Tell if clamav-daemon is running? ==== | ==== Tell if clamav-daemon is running? ==== | ||
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Look for it in the processt list, or use this handy shortcut: <code><nowiki>ps ax | grep [c]lamd</nowiki></code> | Look for it in the processt list, or use this handy shortcut: <code><nowiki>ps ax | grep [c]lamd</nowiki></code> | ||
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==== Remove files infected with viruses? ==== | ==== Remove files infected with viruses? ==== | ||
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You can add --remove to the clamscan or clamdscan commandline. | You can add --remove to the clamscan or clamdscan commandline. | ||
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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=warning.png ''Note'': No virus scanner is 100% accurate. It is always best to manually check the files you delete, if you are not totally sure that this is what you want to do. | https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=warning.png ''Note'': No virus scanner is 100% accurate. It is always best to manually check the files you delete, if you are not totally sure that this is what you want to do. | ||
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==== Find out what version of ClamAV I have? ==== | ==== Find out what version of ClamAV I have? ==== | ||
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Use <code><nowiki>clamdscan -v</nowiki></code>: | Use <code><nowiki>clamdscan -v</nowiki></code>: | ||
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<pre><nowiki>user@ubuntu:/etc/clamav # clamdscan -V | <pre><nowiki>user@ubuntu:/etc/clamav # clamdscan -V | ||
ClamAV 0.83/855/Tue Apr 26 06:40:32 2005 | ClamAV 0.83/855/Tue Apr 26 06:40:32 2005 | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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==== Learn about other options? ==== | ==== Learn about other options? ==== | ||
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Try <code><nowiki>man clamscan</nowiki></code>. | Try <code><nowiki>man clamscan</nowiki></code>. | ||
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==== Schedule ClamAV to run automatically? ==== | ==== Schedule ClamAV to run automatically? ==== | ||
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You can use the <code><nowiki>at</nowiki></code> command to schedule clamscan or freshclam. For example: | You can use the <code><nowiki>at</nowiki></code> command to schedule clamscan or freshclam. For example: | ||
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<pre><nowiki>at 3:30 tomorrow | <pre><nowiki>at 3:30 tomorrow | ||
at>clamscan -i /home/user > mail [email protected] | at>clamscan -i /home/user > mail [email protected] | ||
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job 3 at 2005-04-28 03:30 | job 3 at 2005-04-28 03:30 | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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You have now scheduled a ClamAV scan to happen on your home directory at 3:30 AM tomorrow. The output (showing only infected files) will be sent to you by e-mail. | You have now scheduled a ClamAV scan to happen on your home directory at 3:30 AM tomorrow. The output (showing only infected files) will be sent to you by e-mail. | ||
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2007年11月30日 (五) 16:29的版本
ClamAV is a command line virus scanner. It can only detect viruses; it cannot remove them from files. It detects viruses on all platforms, but due to the popularity of the platform, it primarily detects Windows viruses and malware.
Others antivirus running on Ubuntu can be found here.
目录
- 1 Installing ClamAV
- 2 Using ClamAV
Installing ClamAV
ClamAV is in the Universe repository. (If you do not have Universe enabled, see AddingRepositoriesHowto). ClamAV has two modes of operation; a program that loads into memory only when you want to scan a file, or for more regular use (such as scanning all incoming e-mail), a program that connects to a daemon that is always running. Database updates can also be downloaded automatically .
- For manual use: install the package
clamav
. - For automated use: install the package
clamav-daemon
.
Both methods will also install clamav-freshclam
, the updater.
After installing, you may be asked some questions about how to get virus signature updates. Select the download site closest to you. ClamAV updates are a very small download and it is well worth scheduling them to happen automatically.
Using ClamAV
How can I...
Update my virus definitions?
Use freshclam
.
You will see an output like this:
user@ubuntu:/etc/clamav # freshclam ClamAV update process started at Wed Apr 27 00:06:47 2005 main.cvd is up to date (version: 31, sigs: 33079, f-level: 4, builder: tkojm) daily.cvd is up to date (version: 855, sigs: 714, f-level: 4, builder: ccordes)
Proxy
If you are using a http proxy to connect to the internet you will have to edit the file /etc/clamav/freshclam.conf adding:
HTTPProxyServer serveraddress HTTPProxyPort portnumber
Scan files for viruses using clamav?
Use clamscan
.
Examples:
- To check files in the all users home directories:
clamscan -r /home
- To check all files on the computer, displaying the name of each file:
clamscan -r /
- To check all files on the computer, but only display infected files and ring a bell when found:
clamscan -r --bell -i /
When ClamAV has scanned all the files you asked it to, it will report a summary:
----------- SCAN SUMMARY ----------- Known viruses: 33840 Scanned directories: 145 Scanned files: 226 Infected files: 1 Data scanned: 54.22 MB I/O buffer size: 131072 bytes Time: 20.831 sec (0 m 20 s)
ClamAV can only read files that the user running it can read. If you want to check all files on the system, use the sudo
command (see UsingSudo for more information).
Run ClamAV as a daemon?
Install clamav-daemon
. You can then use clamdscan
where you would previously have used clamscan
.
Lots of programs, especially e-mail servers, can connect to a ClamAV daemon. This speeds up virus scanning as the program is always in memory.
The clamav-daemon
package creates a 'clamav' user; in order to allow ClamAV to scan system files, such as your mail spool, you can add clamav to the group that owns the files.
Tell if clamav-daemon is running?
Look for it in the processt list, or use this handy shortcut: ps ax | grep [c]lamd
Remove files infected with viruses?
You can add --remove to the clamscan or clamdscan commandline. Note: No virus scanner is 100% accurate. It is always best to manually check the files you delete, if you are not totally sure that this is what you want to do.
Find out what version of ClamAV I have?
Use clamdscan -v
:
user@ubuntu:/etc/clamav # clamdscan -V ClamAV 0.83/855/Tue Apr 26 06:40:32 2005
Learn about other options?
Try man clamscan
.
Schedule ClamAV to run automatically?
You can use the at
command to schedule clamscan or freshclam. For example:
at 3:30 tomorrow at>clamscan -i /home/user > mail [email protected] at> <CTRL-D> job 3 at 2005-04-28 03:30
You have now scheduled a ClamAV scan to happen on your home directory at 3:30 AM tomorrow. The output (showing only infected files) will be sent to you by e-mail.