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“UbuntuHelp:CdDvd/Burning”的版本间的差异

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* Click '''Help''' -> '''Contents''' if further help is needed.
 
* Click '''Help''' -> '''Contents''' if further help is needed.
 
=== Blu-Ray Burning ===
 
=== Blu-Ray Burning ===
There are currently no graphical tools that support Blu-Ray disc burning. See '''Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc''' below for command line instructions. Though GUI support is expected to be available in the future.
+
There are currently no graphical tools that support Blu-Ray disc burning, though GUI support is expected to be available in the future. See '''Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc''' below for command line instructions.
 
== Command Line (Terminal) ==
 
== Command Line (Terminal) ==
 
=== Burning a CD or DVD using Command Line tools ===
 
=== Burning a CD or DVD using Command Line tools ===
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A command called mkisofs can make an .ISO image to be burned or mounted.
 
A command called mkisofs can make an .ISO image to be burned or mounted.
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
mkisofs -r -J -o cd_image.iso /directory
+
genisoimage -r -J -o cd_image.iso /directory
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
The '''-r''' and '''-J''' ensures long file names work for Unix (using Rock Ridge) and Windows (using Joliet extensions) respectively.
 
The '''-r''' and '''-J''' ensures long file names work for Unix (using Rock Ridge) and Windows (using Joliet extensions) respectively.
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sudo umount /media/cdrom
 
sudo umount /media/cdrom
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
==== Burning a CD on the Command Line with cdrecord ====
+
=== Burning a CD on the Command Line with wodim ===
 
cdrecord can burn an ISO(.iso) disk image or other data onto a CD. To burn a data CD (using image prepared earlier):
 
cdrecord can burn an ISO(.iso) disk image or other data onto a CD. To burn a data CD (using image prepared earlier):
 +
First see where the CDROM/DVDROM is located. Something like this
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom driveropts=burnfree -v -data cd_image.iso
+
$ wodim --devices
 +
wodim: Overview of accessible drives (1 found) :
 +
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 +
dev='/dev/scd0' rwrw-- : 'LITE-ON' 'DVDRW SOHW-1633S'
 +
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
After finding the info. from device scanning, take the appropriate target.
 +
This is important if there are more than one device on the system.
 +
In my case /dev/cdrw and /dev/dvdrw both point to /dev/scd0
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
$ ls -l /dev/cdrw
 +
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2009-01-26 21:56 /dev/cdrw -> scd0
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
$ ls -l /dev/dvdrw
 +
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2009-01-26 21:56 /dev/dvdrw -> scd0
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
Hence one can use the following notation :-
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
wodim dev=/dev/cdrw driveropts=burnfree -v -data cd_image.iso
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
To burn an audio cd from wav files:
 
To burn an audio cd from wav files:
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom driveropts=burnfree -v -audio [wav files...]
+
wodim dev=/dev/cdrw driveropts=burnfree -v -audio [wav files...]
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
Replace '''/dev/cdrom''' as needed if this is not your CD-Writer
+
Replace '''/dev/cdrw''' as needed if this is not your CD-Writer
 
'''-v''' (verbose) lets you track the recording progress
 
'''-v''' (verbose) lets you track the recording progress
 
'''driveropts=burnfree''' helps reduce the risk of a buffer under-run (most drives should support this)
 
'''driveropts=burnfree''' helps reduce the risk of a buffer under-run (most drives should support this)
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To reuse a rewritable CD or DVD you first need to 'blank' the disk.  This erases the old data and prepares the disk for new data.
 
To reuse a rewritable CD or DVD you first need to 'blank' the disk.  This erases the old data and prepares the disk for new data.
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
cdrecord -vv dev=1,0 blank=all
+
wodim -vv dev=/dev/cdrw blank=all
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
see http://lists.debian.org/cdwrite/2004/10/msg00031.html
 
see http://lists.debian.org/cdwrite/2004/10/msg00031.html
==== Using cdrecord on "unsupported" drives ====
+
==== Using wodim on "unsupported" drives ====
Sometimes Ubuntu fails to detect and configure your Burner. This results in "no media found" if you use 'cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom'. Even 'cdrecord -scanbus' does not work - so you just don't know, how to address the drive. You can work around this by looking into the boot messages with dmesg, to identify the devicepath to your burner.
+
Sometimes Ubuntu fails to detect and configure your Burner. This results in "no media found" if you use 'wodim dev=/dev/cdrw'. Even 'wodim -scanbus' does not work - so you just don't know, how to address the drive. You can work around this by looking into the boot messages with dmesg, to identify the devicepath to your burner.
 
F.e.
 
F.e.
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
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Now you can burn on this drive using:
 
Now you can burn on this drive using:
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
cdrecord dev=ATAPI:/dev/hda -data -v -eject your_data.iso
+
wodim dev=ATAPI:/dev/hda -data -v -eject your_data.iso
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
==== Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc ====
 
==== Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc ====
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* Use the packages <code><nowiki>growisofs</nowiki></code> application to burn a DVD or Blu-Ray disc.
 
* Use the packages <code><nowiki>growisofs</nowiki></code> application to burn a DVD or Blu-Ray disc.
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
growisofs -Z /dev/scd0 -R -J /some/files
+
growisofs -Z /dev/dvdrw -R -J /some/files
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
growisofs -speed=2 -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=dvd_image.iso
+
growisofs -speed=2 -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvdrw=dvd_image.iso
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
Note that -dvd-compat closes the disk in write-once context (DVD+R or DVD-R).
 
Note that -dvd-compat closes the disk in write-once context (DVD+R or DVD-R).

2009年5月12日 (二) 16:12的版本


Writing data to write-able and re-write-able CDs and DVDs and Blu-Ray media is commonly referred to as "burning". This tutorial covers the default burning software provided with Ubuntu as well as command line burning. There are also alternative burning programs to consider such as xcdroast or k3b.

Graphical User Interface(GUI)

This section covers using a GUI for burning.

Burning ISO images

For burning ISO images like the Ubuntu LiveCD using a GUI, please refer to the BurningIsoHowto page.

Burning Files to CD or DVD

  1. Insert a blank CD or DVD into your drive
  2. Wait for the pop-up and choose Data or Music CD (older versions may offer a Photo CD option, and is identical to the Data CD option)
  • To burn a Music CD, see AudioCDCreation
  • To burn a Data CD, drag the data over to the window and click Burn

Copying Discs and Other Advanced Operations

You can copy CDs and DVDs, erase(blanking) rewritable media and more with GnomeBaker, a traditional dedicated CD burning program.

  • Install the gnomebaker package
  • Click Applications -> Sound and Video -> CD/DVD Writer GnomeBaker
  • Create a new project when prompted.
  • Click Help -> Contents if further help is needed.

Blu-Ray Burning

There are currently no graphical tools that support Blu-Ray disc burning, though GUI support is expected to be available in the future. See Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc below for command line instructions.

Command Line (Terminal)

Burning a CD or DVD using Command Line tools

This section details the use of the command line(terminal) to burn either a CD or DVD disk.

Creating an ISO image

A command called mkisofs can make an .ISO image to be burned or mounted.

genisoimage -r -J -o cd_image.iso /directory

The -r and -J ensures long file names work for Unix (using Rock Ridge) and Windows (using Joliet extensions) respectively.

Checking CD Images Before Burning

It's possible to check CD images before burning. The easiest way is to simply double-click on it from the file browser, which will view the image with the Archive Manager. If you have sudo access, you can also mount the image, and explore its contents

sudo modprobe loop
sudo mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop0 cd_image.iso /media/cdrom

Remember to unmount an image after checking:

sudo umount /media/cdrom

Burning a CD on the Command Line with wodim

cdrecord can burn an ISO(.iso) disk image or other data onto a CD. To burn a data CD (using image prepared earlier): First see where the CDROM/DVDROM is located. Something like this

$ wodim --devices
wodim: Overview of accessible drives (1 found) :
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 0  dev='/dev/scd0'	rwrw-- : 'LITE-ON' 'DVDRW SOHW-1633S'
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

After finding the info. from device scanning, take the appropriate target. This is important if there are more than one device on the system. In my case /dev/cdrw and /dev/dvdrw both point to /dev/scd0

$ ls -l /dev/cdrw
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2009-01-26 21:56 /dev/cdrw -> scd0
$ ls -l /dev/dvdrw
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2009-01-26 21:56 /dev/dvdrw -> scd0

Hence one can use the following notation :-

wodim dev=/dev/cdrw driveropts=burnfree -v -data cd_image.iso

To burn an audio cd from wav files:

wodim dev=/dev/cdrw driveropts=burnfree -v -audio [wav files...]

Replace /dev/cdrw as needed if this is not your CD-Writer -v (verbose) lets you track the recording progress driveropts=burnfree helps reduce the risk of a buffer under-run (most drives should support this)

Blanking a CD/RW

To reuse a rewritable CD or DVD you first need to 'blank' the disk. This erases the old data and prepares the disk for new data.

wodim -vv dev=/dev/cdrw blank=all

see http://lists.debian.org/cdwrite/2004/10/msg00031.html

Using wodim on "unsupported" drives

Sometimes Ubuntu fails to detect and configure your Burner. This results in "no media found" if you use 'wodim dev=/dev/cdrw'. Even 'wodim -scanbus' does not work - so you just don't know, how to address the drive. You can work around this by looking into the boot messages with dmesg, to identify the devicepath to your burner. F.e.

$ dmesg
hda: PIONEER DVD RW DVR-108, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
hdb: IDE DVD-ROM 16X, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
[...]
hda: ATAPI 40X DVD-ROM DVD-R CD-R/RW drive, 2000kB Cache

Ok so we know, it is hda. Now you can burn on this drive using:

wodim dev=ATAPI:/dev/hda -data -v -eject your_data.iso

Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc

  • Install the dvd+rw-tools package. See [InstallingSoftware].
  • Use the packages growisofs application to burn a DVD or Blu-Ray disc.
growisofs -Z /dev/dvdrw -R -J /some/files
growisofs -speed=2 -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvdrw=dvd_image.iso

Note that -dvd-compat closes the disk in write-once context (DVD+R or DVD-R). Add additional sessions by using

growisofs -M /dev/dvdwriter additionaldata

Blanking DVD+RW discs

dvd+rw-format -blank /dev/cdrw