“UbuntuHelp:CdDvd/Burning”的版本间的差异

2008年12月16日 (二) 18:07的版本

文章出处:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CdDvd/Burning

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Writing data to write-able and re-write-able CDs and DVDs and Blu-Ray media is commonly referred to as "burning". This tutorial covers the default burning software provided with Ubuntu as well as command line burning. There are also alternative burning programs to consider such as xcdroast or k3b.

Graphical User Interface(GUI)

This section covers using a GUI for burning.

Burning ISO images

For burning ISO images like the Ubuntu LiveCD using a GUI, please refer to the BurningIsoHowto page.

Burning Files to CD or DVD

1. Insert a blank CD or DVD into your drive
2. Wait for the pop-up and choose Data or Music CD (older versions may offer a Photo CD option, and is identical to the Data CD option)

• To burn a Music CD, see AudioCDCreation
• To burn a Data CD, drag the data over to the window and click Burn

Copying Discs and Other Advanced Operations

You can copy CDs and DVDs, erase(blanking) rewritable media and more with GnomeBaker, a traditional dedicated CD burning program.

• Install the gnomebaker package
• Click Applications -> Sound and Video -> CD/DVD Writer GnomeBaker
• Create a new project when prompted.
• Click Help -> Contents if further help is needed.

Blu-Ray Burning

There are currently no graphical tools that support Blu-Ray disc burning. See Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc below for command line instructions. Though GUI support is expected to be available in the future.

Command Line (Terminal)

Burning a CD or DVD using Command Line tools

This section details the use of the command line(terminal) to burn either a CD or DVD disk.

Creating an ISO image

A command called mkisofs can make an .ISO image to be burned or mounted.

mkisofs -r -J -o cd_image.iso /directory

The -r and -J ensures long file names work for Unix (using Rock Ridge) and Windows (using Joliet extensions) respectively.

Checking CD Images Before Burning

It's possible to check CD images before burning. The easiest way is to simply double-click on it from the file browser, which will view the image with the Archive Manager. If you have sudo access, you can also mount the image, and explore its contents

sudo modprobe loop
sudo mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop0 cd_image.iso /media/cdrom

Remember to unmount an image after checking:

sudo umount /media/cdrom

Burning a CD on the Command Line with cdrecord

cdrecord can burn an ISO(.iso) disk image or other data onto a CD. To burn a data CD (using image prepared earlier):

cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom driveropts=burnfree -v -data cd_image.iso

To burn an audio cd from wav files:

cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom driveropts=burnfree -v -audio [wav files...]

Replace /dev/cdrom as needed if this is not your CD-Writer -v (verbose) lets you track the recording progress driveropts=burnfree helps reduce the risk of a buffer under-run (most drives should support this)

Blanking a CD/RW

To reuse a rewritable CD or DVD you first need to 'blank' the disk. This erases the old data and prepares the disk for new data.

cdrecord -vv dev=1,0 blank=all

see http://lists.debian.org/cdwrite/2004/10/msg00031.html

Using cdrecord on "unsupported" drives

Sometimes Ubuntu fails to detect and configure your Burner. This results in "no media found" if you use 'cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom'. Even 'cdrecord -scanbus' does not work - so you just don't know, how to address the drive. You can work around this by looking into the boot messages with dmesg, to identify the devicepath to your burner. F.e.

$ dmesg
hda: PIONEER DVD RW DVR-108, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
hdb: IDE DVD-ROM 16X, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
[...]
hda: ATAPI 40X DVD-ROM DVD-R CD-R/RW drive, 2000kB Cache

Ok so we know, it is hda. Now you can burn on this drive using:

cdrecord dev=ATAPI:/dev/hda -data -v -eject your_data.iso

Burning a DVD or Blu-Ray Disc

• Install the dvd+rw-tools package. See [InstallingSoftware].
• Use the packages growisofs application to burn a DVD or Blu-Ray disc.

growisofs -Z /dev/scd0 -R -J /some/files

growisofs -speed=2 -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=dvd_image.iso

Note that -dvd-compat closes the disk in write-once context (DVD+R or DVD-R). Add additional sessions by using

growisofs -M /dev/dvdwriter additionaldata

Blanking DVD+RW discs

dvd+rw-format -blank /dev/cdrw