“UbuntuHelp:AutofsLDAP”的版本间的差异
来自Ubuntu中文
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{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:AutofsLDAP}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:AutofsLDAP}} | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
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Automount is the modern way to mount directories over a network. It is far much easier to manage and are more economic in bandwith. | Automount is the modern way to mount directories over a network. It is far much easier to manage and are more economic in bandwith. | ||
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In this howto, autofs will be configured through LDAP directory: in that way, we have a centralised configuration and we use a maximum the LDAP that has been setup. Great, isn't it ? | In this howto, autofs will be configured through LDAP directory: in that way, we have a centralised configuration and we use a maximum the LDAP that has been setup. Great, isn't it ? | ||
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== Installation == | == Installation == | ||
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First of all, automount is composed of two parts : kernel module and user land utilities. Kernels in modern GNU/Linux distributions are compiled with support for automount. You just have to install user land utilities : install the following packages <code><nowiki>autofs-ldap ldap-utils</nowiki></code> (see InstallingSoftware). | First of all, automount is composed of two parts : kernel module and user land utilities. Kernels in modern GNU/Linux distributions are compiled with support for automount. You just have to install user land utilities : install the following packages <code><nowiki>autofs-ldap ldap-utils</nowiki></code> (see InstallingSoftware). | ||
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If you plan to only use flat files configuration, you do not need to install the <code><nowiki>autofs-ldap </nowiki></code> package: installation is described in [[UbuntuHelp:Autofs]] howto. | If you plan to only use flat files configuration, you do not need to install the <code><nowiki>autofs-ldap </nowiki></code> package: installation is described in [[UbuntuHelp:Autofs]] howto. | ||
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== Configuration == | == Configuration == | ||
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Configuring LDAP automount consists of several parts: | Configuring LDAP automount consists of several parts: | ||
* configure openldap server to load the autofs-ldap schema | * configure openldap server to load the autofs-ldap schema | ||
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* entering LDAP entries for defining directories | * entering LDAP entries for defining directories | ||
* defining on the client to use LDAP for automount configuration | * defining on the client to use LDAP for automount configuration | ||
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=== On the server === | === On the server === | ||
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Tell the slapd daemon to load <code><nowiki>/etc/ldap/schema/autofs-ldap.schema</nowiki></code>: | Tell the slapd daemon to load <code><nowiki>/etc/ldap/schema/autofs-ldap.schema</nowiki></code>: | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo nano /etc/ldap/slapd.conf | sudo nano /etc/ldap/slapd.conf | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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and add the line | and add the line | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
#Schema and objectClass definitions | #Schema and objectClass definitions | ||
include /etc/ldap/schema/autofs.schema | include /etc/ldap/schema/autofs.schema | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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The <code><nowiki>autofs.schema</nowiki></code> line must be inserted after <code><nowiki>core.schema</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>cosine.schema</nowiki></code> | The <code><nowiki>autofs.schema</nowiki></code> line must be inserted after <code><nowiki>core.schema</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>cosine.schema</nowiki></code> | ||
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Finally restart the slapd service: | Finally restart the slapd service: | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo /etc/init.d/slapd restart | sudo /etc/init.d/slapd restart | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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=== Populating LDAP === | === Populating LDAP === | ||
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In the LDAP directory, you have to enter two kind of entries: | In the LDAP directory, you have to enter two kind of entries: | ||
* entries that defines the mountpoint | * entries that defines the mountpoint | ||
* entries that defines the directory under a mountpoint | * entries that defines the directory under a mountpoint | ||
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Here is an example of LDAP entries based on the [[UbuntuHelp:OpenLDAPServer]] installation. | Here is an example of LDAP entries based on the [[UbuntuHelp:OpenLDAPServer]] installation. | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
dn: ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | dn: ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | ||
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objectClass: top | objectClass: top | ||
objectClass: organizationalUnit | objectClass: organizationalUnit | ||
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dn: ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | dn: ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | ||
ou: automount | ou: automount | ||
objectClass: top | objectClass: top | ||
objectClass: organizationalUnit | objectClass: organizationalUnit | ||
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dn: ou=auto.master,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | dn: ou=auto.master,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | ||
ou: auto.master | ou: auto.master | ||
objectClass: top | objectClass: top | ||
objectClass: automountMap | objectClass: automountMap | ||
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dn: cn=/home,ou=auto.master,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | dn: cn=/home,ou=auto.master,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | ||
cn: /home | cn: /home | ||
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objectClass: automount | objectClass: automount | ||
automountInformation: ldap:ou=auto.home,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com --timeout=60 --ghost | automountInformation: ldap:ou=auto.home,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com --timeout=60 --ghost | ||
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dn: cn=lionel,ou=auto.home,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | dn: cn=lionel,ou=auto.home,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com | ||
cn: lionel | cn: lionel | ||
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automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,rw,hard,intr,nodev,exec,nosuid,rsize=8192,wsize=8192 nfs.example.com:/export/home/lionel | automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,rw,hard,intr,nodev,exec,nosuid,rsize=8192,wsize=8192 nfs.example.com:/export/home/lionel | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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=== On the client === | === On the client === | ||
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On the client, you only have to add LDAP map to the automount entry of <code><nowiki>/etc/nsswitch.conf</nowiki></code>. Edit you <code><nowiki>/etc/nsswitch.conf</nowiki></code> and add the line: | On the client, you only have to add LDAP map to the automount entry of <code><nowiki>/etc/nsswitch.conf</nowiki></code>. Edit you <code><nowiki>/etc/nsswitch.conf</nowiki></code> and add the line: | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
automount: files ldap | automount: files ldap | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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The package <code><nowiki>ldap-utils</nowiki></code> have to be configured. Edit <code><nowiki>/etc/ldap/ldap.conf</nowiki></code>: | The package <code><nowiki>ldap-utils</nowiki></code> have to be configured. Edit <code><nowiki>/etc/ldap/ldap.conf</nowiki></code>: | ||
<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
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URI ldap://ldap.example.com | URI ldap://ldap.example.com | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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== Launch == | == Launch == | ||
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autofs look in the LDAP directory for automountMap. You just have to launch <code><nowiki>autofs</nowiki></code>: | autofs look in the LDAP directory for automountMap. You just have to launch <code><nowiki>autofs</nowiki></code>: | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
sudo /etc/init.d/autofs start | sudo /etc/init.d/autofs start | ||
</nowiki></pre> | </nowiki></pre> | ||
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== Test == | == Test == | ||
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Just check with a mount that automount is well launched: | Just check with a mount that automount is well launched: | ||
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<pre><nowiki> | <pre><nowiki> | ||
mount | grep automount | mount | grep automount | ||
2007年11月30日 (五) 16:10的版本
目录
Introduction
Automount is the modern way to mount directories over a network. It is far much easier to manage and are more economic in bandwith. In this howto, autofs will be configured through LDAP directory: in that way, we have a centralised configuration and we use a maximum the LDAP that has been setup. Great, isn't it ?
Installation
First of all, automount is composed of two parts : kernel module and user land utilities. Kernels in modern GNU/Linux distributions are compiled with support for automount. You just have to install user land utilities : install the following packages autofs-ldap ldap-utils (see InstallingSoftware).
If you plan to only use flat files configuration, you do not need to install the autofs-ldap package: installation is described in UbuntuHelp:Autofs howto.
Configuration
Configuring LDAP automount consists of several parts:
- configure openldap server to load the autofs-ldap schema
- entering LDAP entries for defining mountpoints
- entering LDAP entries for defining directories
- defining on the client to use LDAP for automount configuration
On the server
Tell the slapd daemon to load /etc/ldap/schema/autofs-ldap.schema:
sudo nano /etc/ldap/slapd.conf
and add the line
#Schema and objectClass definitions include /etc/ldap/schema/autofs.schema
The autofs.schema line must be inserted after core.schema and cosine.schema
Finally restart the slapd service:
sudo /etc/init.d/slapd restart
Populating LDAP
In the LDAP directory, you have to enter two kind of entries:
- entries that defines the mountpoint
- entries that defines the directory under a mountpoint
Here is an example of LDAP entries based on the UbuntuHelp:OpenLDAPServer installation.
dn: ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com ou: admin objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit dn: ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com ou: automount objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit dn: ou=auto.master,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com ou: auto.master objectClass: top objectClass: automountMap dn: cn=/home,ou=auto.master,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com cn: /home objectClass: top objectClass: automount automountInformation: ldap:ou=auto.home,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com --timeout=60 --ghost dn: cn=lionel,ou=auto.home,ou=automount,ou=admin,dc=example,dc=com cn: lionel objectClass: top objectClass: automount automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,rw,hard,intr,nodev,exec,nosuid,rsize=8192,wsize=8192 nfs.example.com:/export/home/lionel
On the client
On the client, you only have to add LDAP map to the automount entry of /etc/nsswitch.conf. Edit you /etc/nsswitch.conf and add the line:
automount: files ldap
The package ldap-utils have to be configured. Edit /etc/ldap/ldap.conf:
BASE dc=example,dc=com URI ldap://ldap.example.com
Launch
autofs look in the LDAP directory for automountMap. You just have to launch autofs:
sudo /etc/init.d/autofs start
Test
Just check with a mount that automount is well launched:
mount | grep automount automount(pid5058) on /home type autofs (rw,fd=4,pgrp=5058,minproto=2,maxproto=4)
