Bash Reference Manual/zh

本文引自https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Readline-Bare-Essentials.

Bash特性

This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the Bash shell (version 4.3, 2 February 2014). The Bash home page is http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/.

这部分文字是当前Bash shell（版本4.3, 2014年2月）特性的一个简要描述。Bash的主页是http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/.

This is Edition 4.3, last updated 2 February 2014, of The GNU Bash Reference Manual, for Bash, Version 4.3.

此4.3版本更新于2014年2月，它的GNU Bash参考手册也是针对此4.3版本。

Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has borrowed concepts from are the Bourne Shell (sh), the Korn Shell (ksh), and the C-shell (csh and its successor, tcsh). The following menu breaks the features up into categories, noting which features were inspired by other shells and which are specific to Bash.

Bash所涵盖的一些特性也出现在其他流行的shells中。Bash的有些概念来自于其他的一些shells例如Bourne Shell（sh）、Korn Shell （ksh）以及C-shell（csh及其后继者，如tcsh）。以下菜单把这些特性进行了分类，并且不刻意哪些特性来自于其他的shells或者哪些特性来自于某个特定的Bash。

This manual is meant as a brief introduction to features found in Bash. The Bash manual page should be used as the definitive reference on shell behavior.

本手册意图扼要介绍Bash中的特性。本Bash手册应作为shell的引用参考来使用。

Introduction:	An introduction to the shell. shell介绍。
Definitions:	Some definitions used in the rest of this manual. 手册中使用的一些定义。
Basic Shell Features:	The shell "building blocks". shell”构造块”
Shell Builtin Commands:	Commands that are a part of the shell. shell指令。
Shell Variables:	Variables used or set by Bash. Bash中使用的变量。
Bash Features:	Features found only in Bash. Bash独有特性。
Job Control:	What job control is and how Bash allows you to use it. 什么是作业控制已经Bash中如何允许使用作业控制。
Command Line Editing:	Chapter describing the command line editing features. 命令行编辑功能的章节描述。
Using History Interactively:	Command History Expansion 指令历史增强
Installing Bash:	How to build and install Bash on your system. 如果在你的系统中建造和安装Bash。
Reporting Bugs:	How to report bugs in Bash. 如何报告Bash中的Bug。
Major Differences From The Bourne Shell:	A terse list of the differences between Bash and historical versions of /bin/sh. 一个简洁列（/bin/sh）表以介绍Bash历史版本的不同。
GNU Free Documentation License:	Copying and sharing this documentation. 拷贝及共享此文档。
Indexes:	Various indexes for this manual. 此手册的个中索引。

Introduction

• What is Bash?：Bash的一个简短描述。
• What is a shell?：shells的一个简要介绍。

What is Bash?

Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, for the GNU operating system. The name is an acronym for the 'Bourne-Again SHell', a pun on Stephen Bourne, the author of the direct ancestor of the current Unix shell sh, which appeared in the Seventh Edition Bell Labs Research version of Unix.

Bash是shell，或者，对于GUN操作系统而言它也叫做指令语言解释器。这个名字源于"Bourne-Again SHell"的首字母缩写，Stephen Bourne的双关语，其直接始祖源自当前Unix shell sh，它始现于贝尔实验室Unix的第七个版本。

Bash is largely compatible with sh and incorporates useful features from the Korn shell ksh and the C shell csh. It is intended to be a conformant implementation of the IEEE POSIX Shell and Tools portion of the IEEE POSIX specification (IEEE Standard 1003.1). It offers functional improvements over sh for both interactive and programming use.

Bash在很大程度上与sh是兼容的，并且它也从Korn shell ksh以及C shell csh纳入了一些有用的功能。它的目的是成为IEEE POSIX Shell的一致实现，以及IEEE POSIX规范（IEEE Standard 1003.1）的工具部分。他提供了sh针对交互及编程方面的功能改善。

While the GNU operating system provides other shells, including a version of csh, Bash is the default shell. Like other GNU software, Bash is quite portable. It currently runs on nearly every version of Unix and a few other operating systems - independently-supported ports exist for MS-DOS, OS/2, and Windows platforms.

在GNU操作系统提供其他shells时，包括csh的一个版本，Bash是缺省的shell。如同其他GNU软件，Bash是非常便携的。它几乎允许于每一个版本的Unix以及其他一些操作系统 - 基于端口提供独立支持如MS-DOS，OS/2以及Windows平台。