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概要

本指南目标是提供一个关于怎样在linux上使用免费的VMWare Player运行Windows类虚拟操作系统的使用步骤。

介绍

VMware引入了'VMware Player'并允许公众免费使用。藉于此，Ubuntu在软件库中加入了该程序。可在multiverse中找到'vmware-player'这个包。

安装

要安装vmware-player，执行

sudo apt-get install vmware-player

创建磁盘映像

附件中有一个空的VMWare映像

attachment:WindowsXP.vmdk

这是一个20G的vmware IDE 空映像(VMware 3 格式)，配合Windows虚拟操作系统使用。

创建配置文件

VMWare Player需要.vmx文件，用于配置磁盘映像。

我这有一个样板，您可用任何文本编辑器编辑。

attachment:WindowsXP.vmx

guestOS =" " 中可填入下列中的一个

Version	Platform	Parameters
Windows Vista	32-bit	winVista
Windows Longhorn	32-bit	longhorn
Windows 2003 Small Business Server	32-bit	winNetBusiness
Windows 2003 Enterprise Server	32-bit	winNetEnterprise
Windows 2003 Server	32-bit	winNetStandard
Windows 2003 Web Server Edition	32-bit	winNetWeb
Windows XP Professional Edition	32-bit	winXPPro
Windows XP Home Edition	32-bit	winXPHome
Windows 2000 Advanced Server	32-bit	win2000AdvServ
Windows 2000 Server	32-bit	win2000Serv
Windows 2000 Professional	32-bit	win2000Pro
Windows NT	32-bit	winNT
Windows Me	32-bit	winMe
Windows 98	32-bit	win98
Windows 95	32-bit	win95
Windows 3.1 / Windows 3.11	32-bit	win31
DOS/Other Windows	32-bit	windows
Windows Vista x64 Edition	64-bit	winVista-64
Windows Longhorn x64 Edition	64-bit	longhorn-64
Windows 2003 Enterprise Server x64 Edition	64-bit	winNetEnterprise-64
Windows 2003 Server x64 Edition	64-bit	winNetStandard-64
Windows XP Professional x64 Edition	64-bit	winXPPro-64

创建ISO映像

不需要root权限，您就可以轻松地创建ISO映像，插入Windows光盘，执行命令

cat /dev/cdrom > WindowsXP.iso

运行虚拟机

在有WindowsXP.iso和两个vmware文件的目录中，输入：

vmplayer WindowsXP.vmx

开始启动了，您必须点击窗口（来激活键盘响应）然后按F2设置虚拟BIOS。在启动选择中，把CDRom用+移到第一，保存后退出。现在系统就从安装映像中启动了。

疑难杂症

• 如果您曾经用sudo vmplayer来运行，那么您的~/.vmware/preferences将被设置为root:root（root组:root用户）拥有，阻止vmplayer运行。

提升整体性能

使用“免费”的VMWare Player时有两个办法来提升VMWare的整体性能。可任选其中一种

• 从 http://www.vmware.com/download/ws/ 下载近100MB的最新版VMWare Workstation for Linux并拿到windows.iso。
• 下载从服务器5.5.0 build 18463版本中分离出来的 attachment:VMware-tools.iso 仅14MB。

接着编辑您的vmx文件把CD-ROM指向windows.iso，启动操作系统，在windows中会出现工具的自动安装进程。

其他有用的配置

这是一些可优化您的VMware Player的设置，可把它们插入到vmx文件中。

Parameters	Description
gui.fullScreenAtPowerOn = "TRUE"	Set to fullscreen without the top menu toolbar
gui.fullScreenResize = "TRUE"	Set to fullscreen with the top menu toolbar
ide1:0.fileName = "auto detect"	Set the CD-ROM device to
ide1:0.deviceType = "cdrom-raw"	your CD-ROM hardware /dev/cdrom

一个典型的vmx配置文件

这个配置文件的原型由EasyVMX生成，支持声卡、网卡和物理光驱，系统盘为4GB。通过手动修改，增加了一个20GB的硬盘(即前文提供下载的WindowsXP.vmdk)

#!/usr/bin/vmplayer

# Filename: DeepinXP_v5.5.vmx
# Generated 2007-02-28;14:49:20 by EasyVMX!
# [http://www.easyvmx.com/ http://www.easyvmx.com]

# This is a Workstation 5 or 5.5 config file
# It can be used with Player
config.version = "8"
virtualHW.version = "4"

# Selected operating system for your virtual machine——虚拟机上运行的系统是WindowsXP Professional
guestOS = "winxppro"

# displayName is your own name for the virtual machine——这个名字随便取了
displayName = "DeepinXP_v5.5"

# These fields are free text description fields
annotation = "Created by chinakr"
guestinfo.vmware.product.long = "DeepinXP_v5.5_2007-02-28"
guestinfo.vmware.product.url = "http://www.easyvmx.com/"
guestinfo.vmware.product.class = "virtual machine"

# Number of virtual CPUs. Your virtual machine will not
# work if this number is higher than the number of your physical CPUs
numvcpus = "1"

# Memory size and other memory settings——因为我的内存刚升级为2GB，因此这里给虚拟机分配768M内存，运行更流畅！
memsize = "768"
MemAllowAutoScaleDown = "FALSE"
MemTrimRate = "-1"

# Unique ID for the virtual machine will be created
uuid.action = "create"

# Remind to install VMware Tools
# This setting has no effect in VMware Player
tools.remindInstall = "FALSE"

# Startup hints interfers with automatic startup of a virtual machine
# This setting has no effect in VMware Player
hints.hideAll = "TRUE"

# Enable time synchronization between computer
# and virtual machine
tools.syncTime = "TRUE"

# USB settings
# This config activates USB
usb.present = "TRUE"
usb.generic.autoconnect = "TRUE"

# First serial port, physical COM1 is not available
serial0.present = "FALSE"

# Optional second serial port, physical COM2 is not available
serial1.present = "FALSE"

# First parallell port, physical LPT1 is not available
parallel0.present = "FALSE"

# Sound settings
sound.present = "TRUE"
sound.virtualdev = "es1371"

# Logging
# This config activates logging, and keeps last log
logging = "TRUE"
log.fileName = "DeepinXP_v5.5.log"
log.append = "TRUE"
log.keepOld = "1"

# These settings decides interaction between your
# computer and the virtual machine
isolation.tools.hgfs.disable = "FALSE"
isolation.tools.dnd.disable = "FALSE"
isolation.tools.copy.enable = "TRUE"
isolation.tools.paste.enabled = "TRUE"

# First network interface card
ethernet0.present = "TRUE"
ethernet0.virtualDev = "vmxnet"
ethernet0.connectionType = "bridged"    # nat, bridged
ethernet0.addressType = "generated"
ethernet0.generatedAddressOffset = "0"

# Settings for physical floppy drive
floppy0.present = "FALSE"

# Settings for physical CDROM drive
ide1:0.present = "TRUE"
ide1:0.deviceType = "cdrom-raw"
ide1:0.startConnected = "TRUE"
ide1:0.fileName = "auto detect"
ide1:0.autodetect = "TRUE"
ide1:1.present = "FALSE"
ide1:1.fileName = "VMware-tools.iso"
ide1:1.deviceType = "cdrom-image"
ide1:1.autodetect = "TRUE"
ide1:1.startConnected = "TRUE"

# First IDE disk, size 4Gb
ide0:0.present = "TRUE"
ide0:0.fileName = "DeepinXP_v5.5.vmdk"
ide0:0.mode = "persistent"
ide0:0.startConnected = "TRUE"
ide0:0.writeThrough = "TRUE"

# Second IDE disk, size 20Gb——这个是手动修改的部分
ide0:1.present = "TRUE"
ide0:1.filename = "WindowsXP.vmdk"
ide0:1.mode = "persistent"
ide0:1.starConnected = "TRUE"
ide0:1.writeThrough = "TRUE"

# END OF EasyVMX! CONFIG

鸣谢

贡献者: Joel Bryan T. Juliano