UbuntuHelp:UbuntuServerFlashDriveInstaller
来自Ubuntu中文
点击翻译: |
English |
请不要直接编辑翻译本页,本页将定期与来源同步。 |
This pages describes how to create a flash drive that can be used for installing Ubuntu Server. This is for any machine that doesn't have a CD drive but can boot from USB media (i.e. the flash drive). Note: This method may work with other iso files besides the Ubuntu Server iso file. The steps are:
- Log onto a Ubuntu machine where you have sudo priveleges
- Download the hd-media installer's initrd.gz file
- Download the hd-media installer's vmlinuz file
- Note: These links are version dependant, if you are not installing hardy, you'll need to get the vmlinuz and initrd.gz for your own version (i.e. intrepid, jaunty, etc).
- vmlinuz: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/<YOUR_VERSION>/main/installer-i386/current/images/hd-media/vmlinuz
- initrd.gz: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/<YOUR_VERSION>/main/installer-i386/current/images/hd-media/initrd.gz
- Download Ubuntu Server installation iso file
- Determine which device your flash drive is on (/dev/sdb, etc)
- Run the script below after:
- Making sure you are in the same directory that contains the three files that were just downloaded
- Replacing /dev/sdx with /dev/[your device here]
- Changing the ISOIMAGE variable to match the Ubuntu Server iso filename
- Boot the computer you would like to install Ubuntu Server on from the flash drive
- Install Ubuntu Server as you would from a normal install CD
- Note: The first screen after the language prompt has several options. Only the first option works (Install to disk)
Comment: Could not get it to work with hardy server iso - it fails to mount /dev/sda and /var/log/syslog says Debian image ubuntu-8.10-server-amd64.iso is not usable :( Notes:
- The links above are for the 32-bit version of Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy). To install with a 64-bit image, replace the "i386" in the URLs with a "amd64". To install Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid), replace "hardy" in the URLs with "intrepid".
- If on booting the USB drive you get a blank screen with the cryptic message MBR FA:, press the "a" key. The message will change to MBR 1234F. Now press "1" and the boot will proceed as normal.
- Depending on the speed of your drive, the "Loading Linux Kernel" window may show 100% for a minute or more. It hasn't locked up. Just be patient!
Flash Drive Creation Script
# Replace "sdx" with "sdb" or whatever your flash drive is # - If unsure which device is your flash drive then # run "sudo fdisk -l | less" in order to identify it ISOIMAGE=ubuntu-8.04-server-i386.iso sudo apt-get install syslinux mtools mbr echo "Use fdisk to manually create a 1GB bootable FAT16 partition." read -p "Press [Enter] to start the fdisk program..." sudo fdisk /dev/sdx sudo mkfs -t vfat /dev/sdx1 sudo mkdir -p /mnt/flash sudo mount -t vfat /dev/sdx1 /mnt/flash sudo syslinux -s /dev/sdx1 sudo mkdir -p /mnt/iso sudo mount -o loop $ISOIMAGE /mnt/iso sudo cp -R /mnt/iso/isolinux/* /mnt/flash sudo mv /mnt/flash/isolinux.cfg /mnt/flash/syslinux.cfg sudo mkdir -p /mnt/flash/install sudo cp vmlinuz /mnt/flash/install sudo cp initrd.gz /mnt/flash/install sudo cp $ISOIMAGE /mnt/flash sudo install-mbr /dev/sdx sudo umount /mnt/flash sudo umount /mnt/iso