KDE

KDE 是个开发自由软件的团队，这里主要是讲这个团队的作品 KDE SC 桌面环境，包括Kwin窗口管理器、Plasma桌面等等。这里是新版 KDE SC 4系，需要老版 KDE 3 系，参考KDE3。

KDE 4.5 Ubuntu 注意事项

KDE 4.5 SC 由 KDE 社区开发，Ubuntu由 Canonical 公司和自由软件社区开发，Kubuntu 由 Kubuntu社区开发，与 Canonical 公司无关，属于衍生版，Canonical 公司不对 Kubuntu负责。

Kubuntu在Ubuntu的基础上剔除GNOME,换用了KDE，其与Ubuntu发布周期和支持平台一样。

(K)Ubuntu 10.04 的KDE 4.4.x 系列软件包放在 Ubuntu源中，KDE 4.5.x系列将放在 PPA源中。要安装最新版KDE，请先把系统、ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports和ppa:kubuntu-ppa/ppa更新到最新。

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

安装 KDE 4.5

安装全套的KDE SC

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop

kubuntu-desktop这个包关联的所有包可以在这里查到。

最小化安装

sudo apt-get install kde-minimal 

中途会让你选择登陆管理器（GDM或KDM），依旧选择GDM，后续可以自己改。

简体中文

sudo apt-get install language-pack-kde-zh-hans-base

System Settings -> Regional & Language -> Add Language -> Simplified Chinese

离线下载地址：这里

繁体中文

sudo apt-get install language-pack-kde-zh-hant-base

启动KDE

注销出去，选择会话：KDE，登陆。

配置

音频，视频播放

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-restricted-extras

系统设置 -> 多媒体 -> 把PulseAudio调到最上方（不这样做，容易导致声卡独占只有一个程序能发声或是各种莫名其妙的Amarok问题）。

openoffice.org的kde整合

sudo apt-get install openoffice.org-kde

警告：openoffice.org-kde 对ibus输入法支持有严重的问题，ibus-qt4/ibus-gtk模块都不能正常加载，要使用ibus，只能使用老式的xim模块
（ibus-daemon启动时加上-x选项)。但是，通过xim加载的ibus是无法在在openoffice中光标跟随的！
  不建议安装openoffice.org-kde，最好还是安装使用openoffice.org-gnome。注意，如果同时安装了这两个软件，默认在kde下会使用openoffice.org-kde。
可以添加环境变量"export OOO_FORCE_DESKTOP=gnome"启用gnome界面的openoffice。或者完全卸载openoffice.org-kde。

调整GTK/GNOME程序的外观

sudo apt-get install  qtcurve gtk-chtheme

处理混乱的菜单

一个系统内同时安装GNOME2和KDE4出现最大的问题就是菜单里程序的混乱。 安装Gnome Menu Extended K Menu Gnome

字体和输入法

见字体 Category:中文

KDM（KDE 桌面管理器）

sudo dpkg-reconfigure kdm

其他KDE组件

必备

sudo apt-get install kmix #音量调节-混音器，可能需要取消禁音。

sudo apt-get install ksnapshot  #截图工具

美工

sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo #开机画面

sudo apt-get install oxygen-icon-theme-complete  #其他Oxygen图标

sudo apt-get install oxygen-cursor-theme #Oxygen主题鼠标指针

sudo apt-get install oxygen-cursor-theme-extra #其他颜色的Oxygen主题鼠标指针

sudo apt-get install kdebase-workspace-wallpapers #更多壁纸

sudo apt-get install plasma-wallpapers-addons #更多壁纸插件

部件

sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-smooth-tasks #smooth-tasks任务栏

sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-lancelot #Lancelot程序启动器

sudo apt-get install plasma-widget-kimpanel #输入法面板

sudo apt-get install plasma-widgets-addons #更多Plasma部件（包括“显示桌面”）

sudo apt-get install plasma-runners-addons #更多KRunner插件

桌面

sudo apt-get install plasma-netbook #上网本界面

sudo apt-get install plasma-wallpapers-addons  #天气壁纸

软件包管理工具 muon

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:echidnaman/qapt

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install muon software-properties-kde

卸载

10.04版本，卸载Kubuntu返回纯净的Ubuntu。

sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint freespacenotifier gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 icoutils ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kbluetooth kcalc kcm-gtk kcm-touchpad kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-workspace kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knm-runtime knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb krosspython ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kubuntu-notification-helper kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libattica0 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.40.0 libclucene0ldbl libdbusmenu-qt2 libepub0 libexiv2-6 libflac++6 libibus-qt1 libindicate-qt0 libiodbc2 libk3b6 libkcddb4 libkdcraw8 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkephal4 libkexiv2-8 libkfontinst4 libkipi7 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkopete4 libkpgp4 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksignalplotter4 libkwineffects1 libkworkspace4 liblastfm0 libmimelib4 libmng1 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.3 libmysqlclient16 libokularcore1 libotr2 libpackagekit-glib2-12 libpackagekit-qt-12 libphonon4 libplasma-applet-system-monitor4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprocesscore4 libprocessui4 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libsolidcontrol4 libsolidcontrolifaces4 libsoprano4 libssh-4 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4 libvncserver0 libweather-ion4 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 mysql-client-core-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-style-oxygen oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme oxygen-icon-theme-complete packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus plasma-widget-kubuntu-feedback plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip quassel quassel-data shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dejavu ttf-dejavu-extra update-manager-kde usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-nepomuk && sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

卸载Kubuntu，返回Xubuntu。

sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark brltty cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint freespacenotifier gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 icoutils ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kbluetooth kcalc kcm-gtk kcm-touchpad kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-workspace kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knm-runtime knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb krosspython ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kubuntu-notification-helper kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libattica0 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.40.0 libclucene0ldbl libdbusmenu-qt2 libepub0 libexiv2-6 libflac++6 libgif4 libgpgme11 libgpod-common libgpod4 libgraphite3 libhyphen0 libibus-qt1 libical0 libindicate-qt0 libiodbc2 libk3b6 libkcddb4 libkdcraw8 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkephal4 libkexiv2-8 libkfontinst4 libkipi7 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkopete4 libkpgp4 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksignalplotter4 libkwineffects1 libkworkspace4 liblastfm0 libmimelib4 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.3 libmtp8 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient16 libneon27-gnutls libokularcore1 libpackagekit-glib2-12 libpackagekit-qt-12 libphonon4 libplasma-applet-system-monitor4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprocesscore4 libprocessui4 libpth20 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libraptor1 librasqal2 librdf0 libsolidcontrol4 libsolidcontrolifaces4 libsoprano4 libssh-4 libstlport4.6ldbl libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4 libvncserver0 libweather-ion4 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 mysql-client-core-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-galaxy openoffice.org-style-oxygen openoffice.org-writer oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme oxygen-icon-theme-complete packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus plasma-widget-kubuntu-feedback plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip python-uno quassel quassel-data rdesktop shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dejavu ttf-dejavu-extra uno-libs3 update-manager-kde ure usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-nepomuk xfonts-mathml && sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

警告: 慎用，由于依赖关系，可能会连你的mysql都删掉。

应用程序

• -{Amarok}-{{#switch:en |ar |fa |he = ‎ |#default = }}(音乐播放器)
• -{Kate}-{{#switch:en |ar |fa |he = ‎ |#default = }}（文本编辑器）
• -{Kontact}-{{#switch:en |ar |fa |he = ‎ |#default = }}（个人信息管理软件）
• -{KMail}-{{#switch:en |ar |fa |he = ‎ |#default = }}（电子邮件客户端）
• -{Konsole}-{{#switch:en |ar |fa |he = ‎ |#default = }}（终端模拟器）

参考

• GNOME
• Xfce
• LXDE

外部链接

• KDE Wiki

参考资料

VIMOpenVZXENBurstNetRedhatCentOSlighttpdLVSDSNXENZENMathsSISTUOAVSMOQLQPRIA