Skype：修订间差异

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== 介绍 ==
{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype}}
Skype是一款能让你使用电脑通过互联网拨打电话的专用软件。Skype使用了分散点对点技术，所以你的电话不是通过一个中心服务器，而是通过分布式服务器群和其他用户传递。它使用了其专有的通信协议来实现这点。另外，所有的通信均使用端到端加密以防他人窃听。Skype软件是自由使用的，但它并不是免费软件；其源代码是私有并不可修改的。
{{Translator|alfredhuang}}
更多有关Skype的信息见[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype Wikipedia]。Skype官方站点是http://www.skype.com。
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Skype}}
== Introduction ==
Skype is proprietary software that allows you to make calls over the Internet using your computer. Skype uses decentralized peer-to-peer technologies, so your calls do not go through a central server, but through distributed servers and other users. It uses its own proprietary communication protocol to achieve this.  In addition, all communications are encrypted from end to end so that others cannot listen in. The Skype software is free to use, but it is not free software; the source code is proprietary and not available for modification.
General information about Skype is on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype Wikipedia]. The official Skype website is http://www.skype.com.
[[UbuntuWiki:SkypeEthics|SkypeEthics]] gives information on why some users choose not to use Skype.
Open alternative SoftPhones using open protocols include [[UbuntuHelp:Ekiga|Ekiga]], [[UbuntuHelp:Twinkle|Twinkle]] and [http://www.wengophone.com Wengophone].
You need a working sound input and output configuration in order to use Skype.
Most modern computers have sound output out of the box, but you need a microphone
(or a headset, while you are out shopping) for the input. In order to broadcast your face, you'll need a webcam.
Links to detailed information about Skype issues on Ubuntu can be found in the ''Resources'' section below.
== Installing Skype ==
Skype is not available in any Ubuntu software repository, and therefore cannot be installed with Ubuntu's package management software such as <code><nowiki>Synaptic</nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki>apt-get</nowiki></code> without adding a repository containing Skype. There are two options - the Skype repository, or the Medibuntu repository.
Using a repository, you will automatically receive future updates to the software.
If you don't want to do that, or can't (for example, if you're on amd64), perhaps the easiest way to install is from the Debian (.deb) package available directly from the Skype website. The downside of this is that you won't automatically get future updates, you will have to download the new versions as they become available.
=== Skype Repository ===
<ol><li>Add the Skype repository*: <code><nowiki>deb http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/debian/ stable non-free</nowiki></code>
</li><li>Reload or update the package information
</li><li>Install the <code><nowiki>skype</nowiki></code> package.</li></ol>


=== Medibuntu Repository ===
你需要一套可工作的声音输入和输出配置以使用Skype。
<ol><li>See [[UbuntuHelp:Medibuntu|Medibuntu]] for more information.</li></ol>
大多数的现代电脑拥有外置的声音输出，但是你需要一个麦克风（或头戴设备，当你没有购买麦克风时）作为输入。为了播放你的面容，你可能还需要一个网络摄像头。
 
有关发行于Ubuntu上的Skype详细信息的连接能够在下面的''资源''中找到。
Refer to [[UbuntuHelp:Repositories/Ubuntu|Repositories/Ubuntu]] for information on adding, removing and modifying repositories
== 安装Skype ==
=== Debian Package ===
<ol><li>Download Debian package from http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-ubuntu
</li><li>Open the file (will open with the default GDebi Package Installer).
</li><li>Click on install button.</li></ol>


=== Debian包 ===
<ol><li>从http://www.skype.com/intl/en-us/get-skype/on-your-computer/linux/ 下载Debian包
</li><li>打开文件（将会通过缺省的GDebi包安装器打开）。
</li><li>点击安装按钮。</li></ol>
如果有依赖错误
<pre> sudo apt-get install libqt4-dbus</pre>
=== AMD64 ===
=== AMD64 ===
For 6.06:
<ol><li>Download the debian package (http://skype.com/download/skype/linux/)
</li><li>Install skype: sudo dpkg -i --force-all <the_package>
</li><li>Determine missing 32bit libs: ldd /usr/bin/skype | grep not
</li><li>Download the libs (the i386 version of course, hint: the package is named libqt3-mt): http://packages.ubuntu.com/
</li><li>mkdir ~/.32bitLibs (or use /lib32 and change last step to this directory)
</li><li>extract the *.deb files (dpkg-deb --extract <package> <targetdir>)
</li><li>copy the necessary library files from the extracted packages to ~/.32bitLibs
</li><li>create a wrapper script: export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/<your_user>/.32bitLibs/";skype</li></ol>


For 6.10 or 7.04:
下载64-bit包
<ol><li>Install 32-bit libraries: sudo aptitude install lib32asound2 ia32-libs-gtk ia32-libs-kde
</li><li>Download the debian package (http://skype.com/download/skype/linux/)
</li><li>Install skype: sudo dpkg -i --force-architecture <the_package></li></ol>


For 7.10:
http://www.skype.com/intl/zh-Hant/get-skype/on-your-computer/linux/post-download/
<ol><li>Install 32-bit libraries: sudo aptitude install lib32asound2 ia32-libs-gtk ia32-libs-kde
</li><li>Download the Ubuntu package (http://skype.com/download/skype/linux/)
</li><li>Install skype: sudo dpkg -i --force-architecture <the_package>
</li><li>Determine if missing any additional 32bit libs: ldd /usr/bin/skype | grep not
</li><li>Search and download the missing 32bit (i386) libs. (Hint [http://packages.ubuntu.com/gutsy/libs/libdbus-1-3 libdbus-1.3], [http://packages.ubuntu.com/gutsy/libs/libqt4-core libqt4-core], [http://packages.ubuntu.com/gutsy/libs/libqt4-gui libqt4-gui], [http://packages.ubuntu.com/gutsy/libs/libsigc++-2.0-0c2a libsigc++-2.0], [http://packages.ubuntu.com/gutsy/libs/libxss1 libXss])
</li><li>Extract the downloaded *.deb files: dpkg-deb --extract <package> <targetdir>
</li><li>Copy the necessary library files from the extracted packages to /lib32: sudo cp -i <targetdir>/usr/lib/* /lib32/</li></ol>


For 8.04:
== 运行Skype ==
<ol><li>Install the ia32-libs package (from universe component)
要启动Skype,选择'''应用程序->互联网->Skype'''。它通常需要一至两分钟启动，你可能会认为什么都没发生，所以要耐心等待。当Skype窗口最终打开，注册(如有必要)并登录进你的Skype帐号。测试你的配置，通过选择<code><nowiki>回响/声音测试服务</nowiki></code>联络人(如果没有,添加联络人<code><nowiki>echo123</nowiki></code>)并点击在Skype窗口下端的绿色大按钮。如果连接建立并且你听到了声音，则你的声音配置是正常的。如果你不能听见声音，见如下的疑难解答节。
</li><li>Download Skype package for Ubuntu (http://skype.com/download/skype/linux/)
</li><li>Install it: sudo dpkg --install --force-architecture --force-depends <downloaded_package></li></ol>


== Running Skype ==
== Skype疑难解答 ==
To start Skype, choose '''Applications->Internet->Skype'''. It usually takes a minute or two for Skype to get started, and you may think that nothing is happening, so be patient.
如果你有音频问题，首先检查确保系统的音频工作正常并且你的麦克风和喇叭的音量足够大。如果仍然无效，尝试替换Skype音频设备，如果最终所有均失败，修改你的ESD配置。
When the Skype window finally opens, sign up (if necessary) and log in to your Skype account. Test your configuration by selecting the <code><nowiki>Echo / Sound Test Service</nowiki></code> contact (if not there already, add contact <code><nowiki>echo123</nowiki></code>) and clicking on the large green button at the bottom of the Skype window. If the connection is made and you hear a voice, your sound configuration is fine. If you cannot hear a voice, see the troubleshooting section below.
=== 音频问题 ===
== Troubleshooting Skype ==
==== 1. 音量 ====
If you are having audio problems, first check to make sure that sound is working on your system and that your microphone and speaker volume levels are high enough. If that does not work, then try changing the Skype audio device, and finally, if all else fails, modify your ESD configuration.
<ol><li>通过<code><nowiki>声音首选项</nowiki></code>对话窗测试输出是否正常。选择'''系统->首选项->音效'''。</li><li>通过<code><nowiki>录音机</nowiki></code>程序测试麦克风输入是否正常。选择'''应用程序->影音->录音机'''。</li><li>通过选择'''应用程序->影音->音量控制'''确保你的音频输出和麦克风输入通道没有被静音。</li></ol>
=== Audio Problems ===
==== 1. Volume Levels ====
<ol><li>Test that output is working with the <code><nowiki>Sound Preferences</nowiki></code> dialog. Choose '''System->Preferences->Sound'''.
</li><li>Test that microphone input is working with the <code><nowiki>Sound Recorder</nowiki></code> application. Choose '''Applications->Sound & Video->Sound Recorder'''.
</li><li>Ensure that your audio output and microphone input channels are not muted by choosing '''Applications->Sound & Video->Volume Control'''.</li></ol>


==== 2. Skype Audio Device ====
==== 2. Skype 音频设备 ====
If your audio levels are properly configured and you can hear audio in Skype but your contacts cannot hear your input, you may need to change Skype's input device. From the Skype menu, choose '''Tools->Options''' and select <code><nowiki>Hand/Headsets</nowiki></code> in the dialog that opens. Experiment with different <code><nowiki>Calls</nowiki></code> selections, if they are available.
如果你的音量经过了适当的配置并且你可以在Skype中听到声音，但你的联系人不能听到你的输入，你可能需要更改Skype的输入设备。从Skype的菜单中，选择'''工具->选项'''然后在打开的对话框中选择<code><nowiki>头戴/耳机</nowiki></code>。如果他们是可用的，尝试选择不同的<code><nowiki>呼叫</nowiki></code>。
==== 3. ESD Configuration ====
=== 视频问题 ===
''Note: for Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy) only. This is the already the default configuration in Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper).''
见[http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=73&t=184518&start=0&hilit=skype+%E6%91%84%E5%83%8F%E5%A4%B4 skype视频问题]
A problem with the GNOME ESD (Enlightened Sound Daemon) server may cause issues with Skype for some users. If Skype is unable to make or receive calls and continuously crashes, then a small change to the ESD configuration may help. Run:
<pre>export XLIB_SKIP_ARGB_VISUALS=1 && skype</pre>
<pre><nowiki>
gksudo gedit /etc/esound/esd.conf
</nowiki></pre>
and change the line:
<pre><nowiki>
auto_spawn=0
</nowiki></pre>
to:
<pre><nowiki>
auto_spawn=1
</nowiki></pre>
Log out and back in to restart ESD, and test Skype again as above. It is likely that this solution will only work if Skype is the only application using audio. You will not be able to play music while using Skype, and you will not be able to use Skype while playing music.
For more setup information, see the Skype website article [http://www.skype.com/help/guides/soundsetup_linux.html Skype Sound and Audio Set-Up - PC Running Linux].
==== 4. ALSA Configuration ====
Enabling ALSA gives you the choice to workaround some Skype issues: The present Skype Linux release (1.2.0.18) uses OSS sound, which means it allows '''only one application to access sound device'''. On some systems, OSS is not even used by default, which means you won't be able to select the OSS sound device ('''/dev/dsp''') at all, because it does not exist. Worse off, it has a bug that makes Skype '''unusable after a call'''. Sometimes a few calls can be made, before it happens, but later only solution is to restart Skype. Technically it seems that Skype "forgets" to close the sound device before trying to open it again and therefore locks up. This seems to happen when '''you''' are the first to hang up and not when the other party hangs up first, so a workaround is to just wait at the end of a call and let the other party finish first.
To avoid these issues, you can use ALSA instead of ESD. First, follow the guidelines found in [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=32063]. Then follow up with [http://juljas.net/linux/skype/]. Good luck!
Note that the above forum post howto is for Hoary/Breezy. This should, according to [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=1143531&postcount=1089 mdz's post], not be an issue in Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper).
===== 4.1 Another possible solution for software mixing =====
If none of the other options works, try this one (it's working on a HP Pavilion dv1000).  Taken from http://forum.skype.com/viewtopic.php?t=48195
Create or add the following to your .asoundrc file:
<pre><nowiki>
gedit ~.asoundrc
</nowiki></pre>
Add the following text to it
<pre><nowiki>
pcm.skype {
  type asym
  playback.pcm "skypeout"
  capture.pcm "skypein"
}


pcm.skypein {
=== Skype 启动失败  ===
  # Convert from 8-bit unsigned mono (default format set by aoss when
  # /dev/dsp is opened) to 16-bit signed stereo (expected by dsnoop)
  #
  # We can't just use a "plug" plugin because although the open will
  # succeed, the buffer sizes will be wrong and we'll hear no sound at
  # all.
  type route
  slave {
      pcm "skypedsnoop"
      format S16_LE
  }
  ttable {
      0 {0 0.5}
      1 {0 0.5}
  }
}


pcm.skypeout {
Skype会和已经安装好的Nessus扫描仪有冲突。当你从终端（也就是所谓命令行模式-其实一个意思）打开Skype的时候，会显示出现错误（如下所示）：
  # Just pass this on to the system dmix
  type plug
  slave {
      pcm "dmix"
  }
}
 
pcm.skypedsnoop {
  type dsnoop
  ipc_key 1133
  slave {
      # "Magic" buffer values to get skype audio to work
      # If these are not set, opening /dev/dsp succeeds but no sound
      # will be heard. According to the alsa developers this is due
      # to skype abusing the OSS API.
      pcm "hw:0,0"
      period_size 256
      periods 16
      buffer_size 16384
  }
  bindings {
      0 0
  }
}
</nowiki></pre>
Create a skype launcher (in this example is going to be at your home directory).
<pre><nowiki>
<pre><nowiki>
gedit ~/skype.sh
skype: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libQtNetwork.so.4: undefined symbol: _ZN14QObjectPrivate15checkWindowRoleEv
</nowiki></pre>
</nowiki></pre>
add the following text
<pre><nowiki>
#/usr/bin/sh


ALSA_OSS_PCM_DEVICE="skype" aoss /usr/bin/skype --disable-dbus
解决办法是编辑/etc路径（理解成文件夹也可以啊！）下的文件 ld.so.conf，把/opt/nessus/lib 这一行注释掉（就是让这行不起作用的意思啦~），接着再执行一下sudo ldconfig
</nowiki></pre>
 
Give skype.sh execution rights by browsing with Nautilus over there, right click on the file, go to Properties, go to Permissions tab, and select "Execute" for the user.
打开ld.so.conf
Double click on the file and you should be done.
=== Video Problems ===
For troubleshooting video issues on Skype, the following wiki pages may be helpful:
* [[UbuntuWiki:SkypeWebCams|    Skype and webcams]]
* [[UbuntuHelp:Webcam|General page on webcams]]
=== Port use ===
Skype uses port 80 by default, and thus, may block some other applications that use the same port such as Apache. The solution is to change the port in one of the applications. Usually, port 81 is free and works fine. To change the port number in Skype go to menu Tools > Options, then click on the Advanced tab, then in the 'port' box, change to your preference.
=== Invalid Pointer ===
Some very few users have experienced the inability to normally start Skype 1.3 under Dapper, receiving the following error:
<pre><nowiki>
<pre><nowiki>
*** glibc detected *** free(): invalid pointer: 0x08aab8a0 ***
sudo nano /etc/ld.so.conf
</nowiki></pre>
</nowiki></pre>
The pointer's address might vary on install or version, the only common factor exhibited by all people receiving the error is that all of them use '''SCIM''' to be able to input in one of various asian languages (some users exhibit this while using scim for Chinese, others when using it to input in Japanese so the language itself seems not to be important, only the presence of scim is). A few of these same persons report success in running a statically compiled version of the Skype 1.3 client. Others have shown success in changing the XIM input preferences during Skype launch by launching Skype (from either the command line or Gnome's/Kde's menu) with this command:
<pre><nowiki>
XMODIFIERS=@im=none QT_IM_MODULE=xim skype
</nowiki></pre>
This will hinder (read, remove) your ability to use scim to type in a foreign language inside Skype itself, but it will also most probably permit you to run Skype normally.
If you use SCIM as your default input method, and you are unable to run Skype you could try these solutions and see if they solve the problem.
=== System hangs for a short while (few seconds) ===
Skype apparently creates FIFO threads when initiating a chat with someone. Users members of the admin group (typically the user who has installed Ubuntu) are likely to find this really annoying as the created threads do not relinquish the CPU easily. The first option (maybe the easiest) is to remove yourself from the admin group. You may otherwise intercept calls to pthread_create() with a preloaded (LD_PRELOAD) DSO:
<pre><nowiki>
#define _GNU_SOURCE 1
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>


int (* orig_pthread_create) (pthread_t *thread,
找到/opt/nessus/lib这一行，在这行开头加一个井号（#），然后保存并退出。
      const pthread_attr_t *attr,
      void *(*start_routine)(void*), void *arg) = NULL;


static void change_sched_policy (pthread_attr_t *attr) {
  int policy;
  if (attr == NULL) return;
  pthread_attr_getschedpolicy (attr, &policy);
  if (policy == SCHED_FIFO) {
      printf ("### SCHED_FIFO policy changed to SCHED_RR\n");
      pthread_attr_setschedpolicy (attr, SCHED_RR);
  }
}
int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread,
      const pthread_attr_t *attr,
      void *(*start_routine)(void*), void *arg) {
  pthread_attr_t new_attr;
  if (orig_pthread_create == NULL) {
      orig_pthread_create = dlsym (RTLD_NEXT, "pthread_create");
  }
  change_sched_policy (attr);
  return orig_pthread_create (
      thread, attr, start_routine, arg
  );
}
</nowiki></pre>
Compile the above source code with <code><nowiki>gcc -shared -o libskype.so skype.c</nowiki></code> and launch Skype as follow:
<pre><nowiki>
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=path_to/libskype.so:/usr/lib/libqt-mt.so.3
/usr/bin/skype
</nowiki></pre>
My work colleagues and I have tested this on Ubuntu Edgy Eft and we haven't seen, so far, any side effects.
=== Skype fails to start  ===
Skype has a conflict when the Nessus scanner is installed.  When opening Skype from the command line the following error occurs:
<pre><nowiki>
skype: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libQtNetwork.so.4: undefined symbol: _ZN14QObjectPrivate15checkWindowRoleEv
</nowiki></pre>
The solution is to edit /etc/ld.so.conf and comment out the line /opt/nessus/lib and then run sudo ldconfig.
<pre><nowiki>
sudo nano /etc/ld.so.conf
</nowiki></pre>
Put a # infront of the line /opt/nessus/lib.  Save and exit.
<pre><nowiki>
<pre><nowiki>
include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
第244行： 第56行：
#/opt/nessus/lib
#/opt/nessus/lib
</nowiki></pre>
</nowiki></pre>
Run
 
好了，执行sudo ldconfig
 
<pre><nowiki>
<pre><nowiki>
sudo ldconfig
sudo ldconfig
</nowiki></pre>
</nowiki></pre>
Now Skype should open.
== Display configuration ==
Because Skype is a Qt application, Skype's typeface will appear very large on GNOME desktops. You can use either the <code><nowiki>kcontrol</nowiki></code> or the <code><nowiki>qt3-qtconfig</nowiki></code> package to configure the appearance of Skype and other KDE/QT applications. Of these two, the QT Configurator (<code><nowiki>qt3-qtconfig</nowiki></code>) has far fewer dependencies than <code><nowiki>kcontrol</nowiki></code> and may therefore be more convenient for people who mostly use non-KDE software. See also [[UbuntuHelp:QtGnome|QtGnome]] for how to make Skype (and other Qt applications) look more like Gnome.
* A quick fix, without installing any configuration packages at all, is to make a file '''<code><nowiki>qtrc</nowiki></code>''' in your '''<code><nowiki>$HOME/.qt</nowiki></code>''' directory, and put these two lines in it:
<pre><nowiki>
  [General]
  font=Bitstream Vera Sans Mono,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
  </nowiki></pre>
* You can start QT Configurator with the "<code><nowiki>qtconfig</nowiki></code>" command. On the "Fonts" tab, choosing Font Family ''Sans Serif'' and Point Size 10 will give something that resembles Ubuntu's GNOME desktop.
* If you install the <code><nowiki>kcontrol</nowiki></code> package, you may run it by entering '''<code><nowiki>kcontrol</nowiki></code>''' into the <code><nowiki>Applications/Run Application...</nowiki></code> prompt. Expand the <code><nowiki>Appearance & Themes</nowiki></code> menu and select <code><nowiki>Fonts</nowiki></code>. Press <code><nowiki>Adjust All Fonts</nowiki></code> and select <code><nowiki>Size</nowiki></code>. Lower this value to your preference (size 10 or 11 is usually satisfactory). Press <code><nowiki>OK</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>Apply</nowiki></code> and exit the KDE Control Center.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=kcontrol.png
== Resources ==
* The Skype homepage http://www.skype.com/
* Skype article on Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype
* The Skype forum, a good source of info on Skype and troubleshooting too
http://forum.skype.com/
* A discussion on Skype forum of the dependency problem
http://forum.skype.com/viewtopic.php?t=38474&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=0
* A discussion on Ubuntu forum of the dependency problem
http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=81831
* A description of and workaround for the sound problem: http://juljas.net/linux/skype/. Note that this solution requires you to compile a C program.
* Skype takes a long time to load? (change command to "skype --disable-dbus") http://forum.skype.com/viewtopic.php?t=47838
* https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SkypeEthics
System hangs for a short while


[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
现在，Skype应该可以打开了。
 
[[Category:聊天]]

2010年7月25日 (日) 16:11的最新版本

介绍

Skype是一款能让你使用电脑通过互联网拨打电话的专用软件。Skype使用了分散点对点技术，所以你的电话不是通过一个中心服务器，而是通过分布式服务器群和其他用户传递。它使用了其专有的通信协议来实现这点。另外，所有的通信均使用端到端加密以防他人窃听。Skype软件是自由使用的，但它并不是免费软件；其源代码是私有并不可修改的。 更多有关Skype的信息见Wikipedia。Skype官方站点是http://www.skype.com。

你需要一套可工作的声音输入和输出配置以使用Skype。 大多数的现代电脑拥有外置的声音输出，但是你需要一个麦克风（或头戴设备，当你没有购买麦克风时）作为输入。为了播放你的面容，你可能还需要一个网络摄像头。 有关发行于Ubuntu上的Skype详细信息的连接能够在下面的资源中找到。

安装Skype

Debian包

  1. 从http://www.skype.com/intl/en-us/get-skype/on-your-computer/linux/ 下载Debian包
  2. 打开文件（将会通过缺省的GDebi包安装器打开）。
  3. 点击安装按钮。

如果有依赖错误 

 sudo apt-get install libqt4-dbus

AMD64

下载64-bit包

http://www.skype.com/intl/zh-Hant/get-skype/on-your-computer/linux/post-download/

运行Skype

要启动Skype,选择应用程序->互联网->Skype。它通常需要一至两分钟启动，你可能会认为什么都没发生，所以要耐心等待。当Skype窗口最终打开，注册(如有必要)并登录进你的Skype帐号。测试你的配置，通过选择回响/声音测试服务联络人(如果没有,添加联络人echo123)并点击在Skype窗口下端的绿色大按钮。如果连接建立并且你听到了声音，则你的声音配置是正常的。如果你不能听见声音，见如下的疑难解答节。

Skype疑难解答

如果你有音频问题，首先检查确保系统的音频工作正常并且你的麦克风和喇叭的音量足够大。如果仍然无效，尝试替换Skype音频设备，如果最终所有均失败，修改你的ESD配置。

音频问题

1. 音量

  1. 通过声音首选项对话窗测试输出是否正常。选择系统->首选项->音效。
  2. 通过录音机程序测试麦克风输入是否正常。选择应用程序->影音->录音机。
  3. 通过选择应用程序->影音->音量控制确保你的音频输出和麦克风输入通道没有被静音。

2. Skype 音频设备

如果你的音量经过了适当的配置并且你可以在Skype中听到声音，但你的联系人不能听到你的输入，你可能需要更改Skype的输入设备。从Skype的菜单中，选择工具->选项然后在打开的对话框中选择头戴/耳机。如果他们是可用的，尝试选择不同的呼叫。

视频问题

见skype视频问题 

export XLIB_SKIP_ARGB_VISUALS=1 && skype

Skype 启动失败

Skype会和已经安装好的Nessus扫描仪有冲突。当你从终端（也就是所谓命令行模式-其实一个意思）打开Skype的时候，会显示出现错误（如下所示）： 

skype: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/libQtNetwork.so.4: undefined symbol: _ZN14QObjectPrivate15checkWindowRoleEv

解决办法是编辑/etc路径（理解成文件夹也可以啊！）下的文件 ld.so.conf，把/opt/nessus/lib 这一行注释掉（就是让这行不起作用的意思啦~），接着再执行一下sudo ldconfig

打开ld.so.conf 

sudo nano /etc/ld.so.conf

找到/opt/nessus/lib这一行，在这行开头加一个井号（#），然后保存并退出。 

include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf

#/opt/nessus/lib

好了，执行sudo ldconfig 

sudo ldconfig

现在，Skype应该可以打开了。

取自“https://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?title=Skype&oldid=140779”