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~+This guide is only applicable for server installations of Ubuntu. If you are running a desktop installation of Ubuntu, try WifiDocs/Driver/Madwifi and the MadWifi wiki for more information.+~

Checking For Atheros Chipsets

First, verify that your wireless network adapter requires the madwifi device drivers. Issue the following command:

sudo lspci | grep Atheros

If there is any output similar to that below, you should definitely install madwifi.

00:0e.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications, Inc. AR5212 802.11abg NIC (rev 01)

If there is no output, try looking through [1] to see if your network adapter is supported.

Installation

Navigate to [2] and download and extract the latest version of the madwifi drivers (0.9.3.1 at the time of this writing)

wget http://umn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/madwifi/madwifi-0.9.3.1.tar.gz
tar -xvzf madwifi-0.9.3.1.tar.gz
cd madwifi-0.9.3.1

Download the necessary tools, compile and install the module

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-server
make
sudo make install

NOTE: If you are plan on using this wireless network adapter in "master" mode (i. e. for the purposes of setting up a wireless router), create the file `/etc/modprobe.d/madwifi` and add the following to it:

options ath_pci autocreate=ap

This will tell madwifi to set your wireless device (ath0) to master mode. Finally, load the module

sudo modprobe ath_pci

Sources

1. MadWifi 'First Time User' HOWTO
2. MadWifi Ubuntu Notes
3. VAP Autocreation Upon modprobe ath_pci