“UbuntuHelp:Suspend2Kernel”的版本间的差异

2007年11月30日 (五) 21:37的版本

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https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Suspend2Kernel

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Building and Using Suspend2 Kernels with Ubuntu

Suspending the activity of a laptop or desktop can be one of the most frustrating and buggy parts of the Linux user experience. Some users find that their problems are significantly eased by using kernels patched with the out-of-tree suspend2 code. This code is not supported by the Ubuntu project, so follow these instructions at your own risk. More information about suspending in Ubuntu is available at SuspendHowto. NOTE: THIS PAGE IS A WORK IN PROGRESS. ADD ADDITIONAL INFO IF YOU HAVE IT, AND BE AWARE THERE ARE KNOWN PROBLEMS WITH THIS APPROACH Read this first: http://lists.suspend2.net/lurker/message/20070208.080654.e8d2b635.en.html it might or might not be needed by the time you try this.

Compiling a Suspend2 Kernel

There are a couple of different ways to do this.

Recommended: patch the linux-source package

The easiest and most straightforward way to create your own kernels is to install the linux-source package and patch the resultant source tree. It's not hard but requires some work at the command-line:

sudo apt-get install linux-source
cd /usr/src
sudo chown root:admin ./
tar xjvf linux-source-2.6.20.tar.bz2
cd linux-source-2.6.20

Check the http://www.suspend2.net/ website for the latest version of suspend2 for the 2.6.20 kernel. At the time of writing that is 2.2.10. Use wget to download the latest patchset to your home directory, modifying the file name as appropriate:

wget -P ~/ -nd http://www.suspend2.net/downloads/all/suspend2-2.2.10-for-2.6.20.11.patch.bz2 

Now apply the patch, modifying the file name as appropriate (you should still be inside the linux-source directory):

bzcat ~/suspend2-2.2.10-for-2.6.20.11.patch.bz2  | patch -p1

Look for any FAILED messages. If there are any, that is probably because the Ubuntu source code differs from the vanilla source code that the Suspend2 patch expects. Open the associated .rej files in a text editor and see if you can apply the patches manually. One problem is, that at the time of writing suspend2 patchs is for 2.6.20-11, but ubuntu uses 2.6.10-15. In this case there may be a FAILED message include/linux/device.h.rej, but place for the additional line can easily be found manually. Finally, we have some work to do to make sure that the kernel package name is compatible with linux-restricted-modules. Make sure you get this right, or you'll find yourself compiling over and over again. First, check the abi_version of the official kernels with:

uname -r

The abi_version is the number after the -, for example if the output is 2.6.20-15-generic the abi_version is 15. Next, edit the file "Makefile" in your source directory, setting EXTRAVERSION to the abi_version, for example:

gedit Makefile

changing

EXTRAVERSION =-ubuntu1

to

EXTRAVERSION =-15

Your kernel tree is now ready. Next step is to build the kernel source package the debian way:

sudo apt-get install kernel-package
sudo apt-get build-dep linux-image-`uname -r`
make gconfig # note you may need to install packages libgtk2.0-dev and libglade2-dev
# to make gconfig work
	     # an alternative option is to run 'make menuconfig'
make-kpkg --rootcmd fakeroot --initrd --append-to-version=-suspend2 kernel-image kernel-headers kernel-source

When running gconfig or menuconfig, make sure that the suspend2 options (listed under "power") and the lzf options (listed under "crypto") are checked. It's also a good idea to approximate the ubuntu kernel settings as closely as possible; you can do this by loading the config file for the default kernel image. If it's installed, you'll find it at /boot/config-2.6.20-15-generic or similar. The --append-to-version switch gives your kernel a useful identifier, and will be important when we build the restricted-modules package (see below). It will be, in effect, the custom "flavour" of your kernel. Finally, install your packages this way:

sudo dpkg -i ../*.deb

If you run into trouble, there are some more instructions on building kernels this way at KernelCustomBuild.

Next-best: the git repository

If you're having some difficulties with the linux-source package, there is another method using git. This method is described on the Suspend2 wiki, and is generally both reliable and very up-to-date. Unfortunately because of the rapid pace of development in both Ubuntu and suspend2, the two trees can get out of sync and this method can therefore be something of a hassle. Also, the default build process on Ubuntu is tremendously slow. This is really only recommended if you need to build a robust set of kernel packages to redistribute to others. However, in some cases it may be the only available option. In addition to the above link, there is information on building git kernels at CustomKernelBuild and KernelGitGuide.

Least-best: build from upstream

If you're having trouble building the kernel, then you can, as a last resort, try to build the vanilla upstream kernel. This should pretty much always work. However, you will lose the third-party Ubuntu kernel modules, which you may find out (too late!) that you rely on more than you think. This method is documented directly on the suspend2 website, but is not recommended.

Compiling linux-restricted-modules

This section has moved to its own page, CustomRestrictedModules. Go to that page, but remember to note down your abi_version and kernel flavour before you do so.

Installing and configuring the hibernate script

Unfortunately, the Ubuntu power-management tools do not support suspend2 directly. Instead, we need to use the hibernate tools. These are supported best by trevino through his repo! Other web sites:

• Suspend2 Project Page
• Treviño’s Ubuntu feisty suspend2 repository - unofficial, use at your own risk!