“UbuntuHelp:PythonRecipes/DebianPackage”的版本间的差异
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{{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PythonRecipes/DebianPackage}} | {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PythonRecipes/DebianPackage}} | ||
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:PythonRecipes/DebianPackage}} | {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:PythonRecipes/DebianPackage}} | ||
| − | + | <<Include(Tag/ContentCleanup)>> | |
| − | ''This Python Recipe is | + | '''Note: These instructions are only for creating packages for personal use. This method won't work for creating packages intended for submission to repositories.''' - For submitting to repositories, see [[UbuntuWiki:PackagingGuide|Ubuntu|packaging guide]]. If you are looking for a simple guide on how to create a Debian/Ubuntu package you could read http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/336 ([http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/337 Second part]) or try [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/stdeb/ stdeb tool] for converting Python source packages to Debian. |
| − | Here is a simple example on | + | ''This Python Recipe is constantly being written, you can fix <u>all</u> errors in this example; feel free to do so'' |
| + | Here is a simple example on creating a Debian Package, but it will not be in agreement with the [http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ Debian/Ubuntu Policy]. You should read that if you want to publish your program in the Debian/Ubuntu repositories. In this example I will use a game called Twisted Zombie which was developed for [http://www.pyweek.org PyWeek 5]. | ||
=== First step === | === First step === | ||
| − | The first thing you should | + | The first thing you should know is the folder structure of the Debian Package before you create it. This folder contains three files that are very important, '''control''', '''twisted-zombie''' and '''twisted-zombie.desktop'''. |
| − | <pre><nowiki>DEBIAN/ | + | <pre><nowiki> |
| − | control | + | DEBIAN/ |
| + | control | ||
usr/ | usr/ | ||
| − | bin/ | + | bin/ |
| − | twisted-zombie | + | twisted-zombie |
| − | share/ | + | share/ |
| − | applications/ | + | applications/ |
| − | twisted-zombie.desktop | + | twisted-zombie.desktop |
| − | pixmaps/ | + | pixmaps/ |
| − | twisted-zombie-icon.png | + | twisted-zombie-icon.png |
| − | twisted-zombie/ | + | twisted-zombie/ |
| − | data/ | + | data/ |
| − | lib/ | + | lib/ |
| − | COPYING | + | COPYING |
| − | README.txt | + | README.txt |
| − | create-upload.py | + | create-upload.py |
| − | pyweek-upload.py | + | pyweek-upload.py |
| − | run_game.py</nowiki></pre> | + | run_game.py</nowiki></pre> |
''twisted-zombie'' is the folder of the application itself, ''pixmaps'' contains an icon, ''application'' contains a desktop file that indicates some options to GNOME, and ''bin'' contains a script to execute this game from a console. | ''twisted-zombie'' is the folder of the application itself, ''pixmaps'' contains an icon, ''application'' contains a desktop file that indicates some options to GNOME, and ''bin'' contains a script to execute this game from a console. | ||
=== control file === | === control file === | ||
In the ''control'' file, we will put a short description, long description, package name, package version, etc. Just like the output of the `apt-cache show package` command. The control file contains: | In the ''control'' file, we will put a short description, long description, package name, package version, etc. Just like the output of the `apt-cache show package` command. The control file contains: | ||
| − | <pre><nowiki> Package: twisted-zombie | + | <pre><nowiki> |
| + | Package: twisted-zombie | ||
Version: 1.0 | Version: 1.0 | ||
Section: games | Section: games | ||
| 第34行： | 第37行： | ||
Depends: python, python-pygame | Depends: python, python-pygame | ||
Description: Twisted Zombie game | Description: Twisted Zombie game | ||
| − | Twisted Zombie is a game developed for PyWeek 5 | + | Twisted Zombie is a game developed for PyWeek 5 |
| − | in seven days by programmers of Santa Fé Argentina. </nowiki></pre> | + | in seven days by programmers of Santa Fé Argentina. </nowiki></pre> |
If you wish, you can put more information about the package. In this page you can find all what you need for this: [http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.html#s-binarycontrolfiles Binary package control files] | If you wish, you can put more information about the package. In this page you can find all what you need for this: [http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.html#s-binarycontrolfiles Binary package control files] | ||
=== twisted-zombie file === | === twisted-zombie file === | ||
| − | In this file we will put what command should be executed when we type `twisted-zombie` in a console. It's simple, it only contains the `python` command with the path of the main .py file: | + | In this file we will put what command should be executed when we type `twisted-zombie` in a console. It's simple, it only contains the `python` command with the path of the main .py file. Make sure that it is executable (chmod a+x run_game.py): |
<code><nowiki>python /usr/share/twisted-zombie/run_game.py</nowiki></code> | <code><nowiki>python /usr/share/twisted-zombie/run_game.py</nowiki></code> | ||
=== twisted-zombie.desktop file === | === twisted-zombie.desktop file === | ||
In this file we put some options about our application, to tell GNOME -or other desktop- to put our application in the menu, specifying which icon to use, what command to execute, etc... | In this file we put some options about our application, to tell GNOME -or other desktop- to put our application in the menu, specifying which icon to use, what command to execute, etc... | ||
| − | <pre><nowiki>[Desktop Entry] | + | <pre><nowiki> |
| + | [Desktop Entry] | ||
Encoding=UTF-8 | Encoding=UTF-8 | ||
Name=Twisted Zombie | Name=Twisted Zombie | ||
| 第55行： | 第59行： | ||
=== Config your application === | === Config your application === | ||
If you use external files, you should include the following lines in the .py that uses those files: | If you use external files, you should include the following lines in the .py that uses those files: | ||
| − | <pre><nowiki>import os | + | <pre><nowiki> |
| + | import os | ||
os.chdir('/usr/share/twisted-zombie')</nowiki></pre> | os.chdir('/usr/share/twisted-zombie')</nowiki></pre> | ||
=== Build and install our package === | === Build and install our package === | ||
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Done, we have installed our game in our machine. Now, open a terminal, and type `twisted-zombie` or go to the Application Menu -> Games -> Twisted Zombie Game and play it. | Done, we have installed our game in our machine. Now, open a terminal, and type `twisted-zombie` or go to the Application Menu -> Games -> Twisted Zombie Game and play it. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
| − | [[category: | + | Categories: [[category:CategoryProgrammingPython]] |
[[category:UbuntuHelp]] | [[category:UbuntuHelp]] | ||
2010年5月19日 (三) 23:59的最新版本
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<<Include(Tag/ContentCleanup)>> Note: These instructions are only for creating packages for personal use. This method won't work for creating packages intended for submission to repositories. - For submitting to repositories, see Ubuntu|packaging guide. If you are looking for a simple guide on how to create a Debian/Ubuntu package you could read http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/336 (Second part) or try stdeb tool for converting Python source packages to Debian. This Python Recipe is constantly being written, you can fix all errors in this example; feel free to do so Here is a simple example on creating a Debian Package, but it will not be in agreement with the Debian/Ubuntu Policy. You should read that if you want to publish your program in the Debian/Ubuntu repositories. In this example I will use a game called Twisted Zombie which was developed for PyWeek 5.
目录
First step
The first thing you should know is the folder structure of the Debian Package before you create it. This folder contains three files that are very important, control, twisted-zombie and twisted-zombie.desktop.
DEBIAN/
control
usr/
bin/
twisted-zombie
share/
applications/
twisted-zombie.desktop
pixmaps/
twisted-zombie-icon.png
twisted-zombie/
data/
lib/
COPYING
README.txt
create-upload.py
pyweek-upload.py
run_game.py
twisted-zombie is the folder of the application itself, pixmaps contains an icon, application contains a desktop file that indicates some options to GNOME, and bin contains a script to execute this game from a console.
control file
In the control file, we will put a short description, long description, package name, package version, etc. Just like the output of the `apt-cache show package` command. The control file contains:
Package: twisted-zombie Version: 1.0 Section: games Maintainer: Manuel Kaufmann <[email protected]> Architecture: all Depends: python, python-pygame Description: Twisted Zombie game Twisted Zombie is a game developed for PyWeek 5 in seven days by programmers of Santa Fé Argentina.
If you wish, you can put more information about the package. In this page you can find all what you need for this: Binary package control files
twisted-zombie file
In this file we will put what command should be executed when we type `twisted-zombie` in a console. It's simple, it only contains the `python` command with the path of the main .py file. Make sure that it is executable (chmod a+x run_game.py):
python /usr/share/twisted-zombie/run_game.py
twisted-zombie.desktop file
In this file we put some options about our application, to tell GNOME -or other desktop- to put our application in the menu, specifying which icon to use, what command to execute, etc...
[Desktop Entry] Encoding=UTF-8 Name=Twisted Zombie Version=1.0 Comment=Game developed for PyWeek 5 GenericName=Twisted Zombie Game Terminal=false Icon=twisted-zombie-icon.png Type=Application Exec=python /usr/share/twisted-zombie/run_game.py Categories=Game;
Config your application
If you use external files, you should include the following lines in the .py that uses those files:
import os
os.chdir('/usr/share/twisted-zombie')
Build and install our package
In this step we will build our package. For this, we use the following command in the folder that contain our application:
$ dpkg --build twisted-zombie/ twisted-zombie-1.0_all.deb
And to finish:
$ dpkg -i twisted-zombie-1.0_all.deb
Done, we have installed our game in our machine. Now, open a terminal, and type `twisted-zombie` or go to the Application Menu -> Games -> Twisted Zombie Game and play it.
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