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小 （新页面: {{From|https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Devilspie}} {{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Devilspie}} === What is devilspie? === devilspie is a non-gui utility that lets you make applications start in ...）
 
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{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Devilspie}}
 
{{Languages|UbuntuHelp:Devilspie}}
 
=== What is devilspie? ===
 
=== What is devilspie? ===
−
devilspie is a non-gui utility that lets you make applications start in specified workplaces, in specified sizes and placements, minimized or maximized and much more based on simple config files. The homepage can be found [http://www.burtonini.com/blog/computers/devilspie here]  
+
devilspie is a <code><nowiki>non-gui</nowiki></code> utility that lets you make applications start in specified workplaces, in specified sizes and placements, minimized or maximized and much more based on simple config files. The homepage can be found [http://www.burtonini.com/blog/computers/devilspie here]
−
 
+
=== The gui ===
 +
A simple fully capable gui has been written, [http://code.google.com/p/gdevilspie/ gdevilspie], by a different author. If you install it you will likely not need this page as it is pretty self-explanatory.
 
=== How can I get it? ===
 
=== How can I get it? ===
−
There is a packages in Ubuntu repository for Ubuntu 6.06LTS and Ubuntu 5.10 which you of course can get via Synaptic or apt-get. The package in 5.10 is only  0.10 version and devilspie was totally rewritten for version 0.13, so you may wish to compile the latest version yourself. It is a piece of cake since it is an lightweight application without gui. In order to get the latest version (0.16 at the time of writing this document), follow these steps:
+
[[UbuntuHelp:InstallingSoftware|Install]] the '''devilspie''' package from the [[UbuntuHelp:Repositories|Universe]] repository.
−
 
+
−
1. ''Download the latest source from the [http://www.burtonini.com/blog/computers/devilspie homepage]'' to your favourite download location.
+
−
 
+
−
2. ''Unpack it using the following command:
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
tar -xvf dev<TabKey>.tar.gz
+
−
</nowiki></pre>''
+
−
 
+
−
3. ''Go to the directory where you unpacked the source.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
cd devil<TabKey>
+
−
</nowiki></pre>''
+
−
 
+
−
4. ''Install these packages if you do not already have them:''
+
−
*libxml-parser-perl
+
−
*libvnck-dev
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo apt-get install libxml-parser-perl libwnck-dev
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
5. ''Prepare for compiling, you should not need any additional options.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
./configure
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Hopefully you got something like:
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
configure: creating ./config.status
+
−
config.status: creating devilspie.spec
+
−
config.status: creating Makefile
+
−
config.status: creating src/Makefile
+
−
config.status: creating po/Makefile.in
+
−
config.status: creating tests/Makefile
+
−
config.status: creating src/config.h
+
−
config.status: executing depfiles commands
+
−
config.status: executing intltool commands
+
−
config.status: executing default-1 commands
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
If not, read the output and install the packages you need. After installing necessary packages run "./configure" again.''
+
−
 
+
−
6. ''If everything went fine, let us compile.
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
make
+
−
</nowiki></pre>''
+
−
 
+
−
7. ''If the compilation went fine and you did not get any errors (possible warnings should not probably concern you), it is time to install.  
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo make install
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Alternatively, you could use checkinstall as it offers some advantages. Shut down anything using apt-get (ergo synaptic) and then type folowing:
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo checkinstall
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
Checkinstall installs compiled program as if it were installed via synaptic, so then all you need to do to remove a program installed in such a way is
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo apt-get remove devilspie
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
You might not have checkinstall installed on your system, then all you need to do is
+
−
<pre><nowiki>
+
−
sudo apt-get install checkinstall
+
−
</nowiki></pre>
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
 
=== How do I set it up? ===
 
=== How do I set it up? ===
−
 
 
* devilspie is configured with s-expressions stored in files ending with ".ds".
 
* devilspie is configured with s-expressions stored in files ending with ".ds".
−
 
 
* Syntax is not difficult and is much more effective than it was in versions previous to 0.13, which used .xml files.
 
* Syntax is not difficult and is much more effective than it was in versions previous to 0.13, which used .xml files.
−
 
 
* For details, see:
 
* For details, see:
−
***** ''README, which should be placed in the directory where you unpacked the source (see above)''
+
* README, which should be placed in the directory where you unpacked the source (see above)
−
***** ''Forum [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=98071 thread] with list of logical operations and many examples''
+
* Forum [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=98071 thread] with list of logical operations and many examples
−
***** ''Another forum [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=75749 thread] which is mainly about the 0.10 version but begins with great HowTo which also includes some very useful stuff about later versions.''
+
* Another forum [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=75749 thread] which is mainly about the 0.10 version but begins with great [[UbuntuHelp:HowTo|HowTo]] which also includes some very useful stuff about later versions.
−
***** ''Great non-Ubuntu wiki [http://wiki.foosel.net/linux/devilspie page] which can be a great reference.''
+
* Great non-Ubuntu wiki [http://wiki.foosel.net/linux/devilspie page] which can be a great reference.
−
***** ''[http://x2.zuavra.net/index.php/48/ Tutorial] which can provide you with some deeper understanding of the principles of Devil's Pie.
+
* [http://x2.zuavra.net/index.php/48/ Tutorial] which can provide you with some deeper understanding of the principles of Devil's Pie.
−
 
+
 
=== How do I use it? ===
 
=== How do I use it? ===
−
* You can start Devil's pie with simple
+
* You can start Devil's pie with
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
<pre><nowiki>
 
devilspie
 
devilspie
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
</nowiki></pre>
 
in gnome-terminal.
 
in gnome-terminal.
−
 
+
* It will read all the s-expressions stored in these two directories:
−
* It will read all the s-expressions stored in those two directories:  
+
* $HOME/.devilspie/ which should be /home/<YourUserName>/.devilspie/ on Ubuntu
−
***** $HOME/.devilspie/ which should be /home/<YourUserName>/.devilspie on Ubuntu
+
* $SYSCONFDIR/devilspie/ which should be /etc/devilspie/ on Ubuntu
−
***** $SYSCONFDIR/devilspie which should be /etc/devilspie on Ubuntu
+
The former will apply just when you start devilspie, the latter will apply to all users.
−
The former will apply just when you start devilspie, the latter will apply to all users.  
+
−
 
+
 
* You can use several options:
 
* You can use several options:
−
*****  ''-d or --debug for debuging purposes, when run in terminal, it will print some useful information'' NOTE:this is the same as running Devil's Pie with s-expression like this: (debug)
+
*  <code><nowiki>-d</nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki>--debug</nowiki></code> for debuging purposes, when run in terminal, it will print some useful information.
−
***** ''-a or --apply-to-existing should apply devilspie also to existing windows. However, it seems that it applies regardless this option.''
+
'''Note:''' this is the same as running Devil's Pie with an s-expression like this: (debug)
−
***** ''<file.ds> or <file1.ds> <file2.ds> etc will explicitly specify which config files should be used.
+
* <code><nowiki>-a</nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki>--apply-to-existing</nowiki></code> should apply devilspie also to existing windows. However, it seems that it applies regardless this option.
−
 
+
* <code><nowiki>devilspie <file.ds></nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki>devilspie <file1.ds> <file2.ds></nowiki></code> etc will explicitly specify which config files should be used.
−
* After setting it up, you will probably want to run it on start up, so that every window you open will open the way you want it to. For further info as to how to do that, read AddingProgramToSessionStartup
+
* After setting it up, you will probably want to run it on start up, so that every window you open will open the way you want it to. For further info as to how to do that, read [[UbuntuHelp:AddingProgramToSessionStartup|AddingProgramToSessionStartup]]
−
 
+
* If you were to experience freezes down after adding devilspie to your startup programs with a low number (such as 30 or 50), try to higher it up so that devilspie starts as the last application. You may want to start it with <code><nowiki>-a</nowiki></code> option that applies the rules to already existing windows then. However, it may not be necessary.
−
* If you were to experience freezes down after adding devilspie to your startup programs with a low number (such as 30 or 50), try to higher it up so that devilspie starts as the last application. You may want to start it with -a option that applies the rules to already existing windows then. However, it may not be necessary.
+
=== Examples ===
−
 
+
Background for this setup: A dual-screen workspace where the smaller (laptop) screen is used solely for "communications" (IRC and IM windows). The goal is to get three windows (xchat, Pidgin buddy list and Pidgin chat window) into pre-set locations wasting as little screen estate as possible.
−
=== How other people use it? ===
+
<pre><nowiki>
−
Feel free to add you working config files with explanation.
+
+--------+------------------------+
−
 
+
| Pidgin |                        |
 +
| Buddy  |        Pidgin          |
 +
| List  |    Conversation      |
 +
|        |                        |
 +
|        +------------------------+
 +
|        |                        |
 +
|        |        Xchat          |
 +
|        |                        |
 +
|        |                        |
 +
+--------+------------------------+
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
==== pidgin.ds ====
 +
Buddy list and conversation window are undecorated (no titles or borders), moved and resized. Buddy list is also removed from task list (so it won't show up in Window list).
 +
Note: Even with 'undecorate' the conversation window seems to have a some border, this is the reason for some additional pixels there...
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
(if (is (application_name) "Pidgin")
 +
(begin
 +
(if (is (window_role) "buddy_list")
 +
(begin
 +
(undecorate)
 +
(skip_tasklist)
 +
(geometry "199x767+0+0")
 +
)
 +
)
 +
(if (is (window_role) "conversation")
 +
(begin
 +
(undecorate)
 +
(geometry "822x400+201+0")
 +
)
 +
)
 +
)
 +
)</nowiki></pre>
 +
==== xchat.ds ====
 +
Xchat is undecorated (no titles or borders), moved and resized. Xchat main window does not have a window_role defined, but fortunately the other windows (like Preferences or Network List) do, so the empty match seems to work.
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
(and (is (application_name) "xchat")
 +
    (is (window_role) "")
 +
(begin
 +
(undecorate)
 +
(geometry "823x363+200+404")
 +
)
 +
)</nowiki></pre>
 +
=== How can I see what applications are currently running? ===
 +
''xlsclients -l''
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Window 0x4e00001:
 +
  Machine:  sally
 +
  Name:  Pidgin
 +
  Icon Name:  pidgin
 +
  Command:  pidgin
 +
  Instance/Class:  pidgin/Pidgin
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
From the above, to match on pidgin requires <code><nowiki>(is (application_name) "Pidgin")</nowiki></code> and not <code><nowiki>(is (application_name) "pidgin")</nowiki></code>
 
=== How can I improve this wiki page? ===
 
=== How can I improve this wiki page? ===
 
Simply add any useful stuff! Especially the section about setting up should be improved so that it more then just linking somewhere else, also some examples would be greatly appreciated. Also feel free to correct anything wrong.
 
Simply add any useful stuff! Especially the section about setting up should be improved so that it more then just linking somewhere else, also some examples would be greatly appreciated. Also feel free to correct anything wrong.
−
 
−
* Does anybody know how to make a list not italize first sentence of new item? If so, could you please correct it and then remove this note? Thanks.
 
−
* I am not sure if devil spie reads files stored in /etc/devilspie/. It seems so, because other people say so, but when I checked, it did not work for me. Could someone please check it, correct it and then delete this note?
 
 
----
 
----
−
[[category:CategoryDocumentation]]
+
[[category:CategorySoftware]]
  
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]
 
[[category:UbuntuHelp]]

2010年5月19日 (三) 22:01的最新版本

Geographylogo.png 文章出处: 

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Devilspie

Geographylogo.png 点击翻译: 

English

请不要直接编辑翻译本页，本页将定期与来源同步。

What is devilspie?

devilspie is a non-gui utility that lets you make applications start in specified workplaces, in specified sizes and placements, minimized or maximized and much more based on simple config files. The homepage can be found here

The gui

A simple fully capable gui has been written, gdevilspie, by a different author. If you install it you will likely not need this page as it is pretty self-explanatory.

How can I get it?

Install the devilspie package from the Universe repository.

How do I set it up?

  • devilspie is configured with s-expressions stored in files ending with ".ds".
  • Syntax is not difficult and is much more effective than it was in versions previous to 0.13, which used .xml files.
  • For details, see:
  • README, which should be placed in the directory where you unpacked the source (see above)
  • Forum thread with list of logical operations and many examples
  • Another forum thread which is mainly about the 0.10 version but begins with great HowTo which also includes some very useful stuff about later versions.
  • Great non-Ubuntu wiki page which can be a great reference.
  • Tutorial which can provide you with some deeper understanding of the principles of Devil's Pie.

How do I use it?

  • You can start Devil's pie with
devilspie

in gnome-terminal.

  • It will read all the s-expressions stored in these two directories:
  • $HOME/.devilspie/ which should be /home/<YourUserName>/.devilspie/ on Ubuntu
  • $SYSCONFDIR/devilspie/ which should be /etc/devilspie/ on Ubuntu

The former will apply just when you start devilspie, the latter will apply to all users.

  • You can use several options:
  • -d or --debug for debuging purposes, when run in terminal, it will print some useful information.

Note: this is the same as running Devil's Pie with an s-expression like this: (debug)

  • -a or --apply-to-existing should apply devilspie also to existing windows. However, it seems that it applies regardless this option.
  • devilspie <file.ds> or devilspie <file1.ds> <file2.ds> etc will explicitly specify which config files should be used.
  • After setting it up, you will probably want to run it on start up, so that every window you open will open the way you want it to. For further info as to how to do that, read AddingProgramToSessionStartup
  • If you were to experience freezes down after adding devilspie to your startup programs with a low number (such as 30 or 50), try to higher it up so that devilspie starts as the last application. You may want to start it with -a option that applies the rules to already existing windows then. However, it may not be necessary.

Examples

Background for this setup: A dual-screen workspace where the smaller (laptop) screen is used solely for "communications" (IRC and IM windows). The goal is to get three windows (xchat, Pidgin buddy list and Pidgin chat window) into pre-set locations wasting as little screen estate as possible. 

+--------+------------------------+
| Pidgin |                        |
| Buddy  |        Pidgin          |
| List   |     Conversation       |
|        |                        |
|        +------------------------+
|        |                        |
|        |        Xchat           |
|        |                        |
|        |                        |
+--------+------------------------+

pidgin.ds

Buddy list and conversation window are undecorated (no titles or borders), moved and resized. Buddy list is also removed from task list (so it won't show up in Window list). Note: Even with 'undecorate' the conversation window seems to have a some border, this is the reason for some additional pixels there... 

(if (is (application_name) "Pidgin")
	(begin
		(if (is (window_role) "buddy_list")
			(begin
				(undecorate)
				(skip_tasklist)
				(geometry "199x767+0+0")
			)
		)
		(if (is (window_role) "conversation")
			(begin
				(undecorate)
				(geometry "822x400+201+0")
			)
		)
	)
)

xchat.ds

Xchat is undecorated (no titles or borders), moved and resized. Xchat main window does not have a window_role defined, but fortunately the other windows (like Preferences or Network List) do, so the empty match seems to work. 

(and (is (application_name) "xchat")
     (is (window_role) "")
	(begin
		(undecorate)
		(geometry "823x363+200+404")
	)
)

How can I see what applications are currently running?

xlsclients -l 

Window 0x4e00001:
  Machine:  sally
  Name:  Pidgin
  Icon Name:  pidgin
  Command:  pidgin
  Instance/Class:  pidgin/Pidgin

From the above, to match on pidgin requires (is (application_name) "Pidgin") and not (is (application_name) "pidgin")

How can I improve this wiki page?

Simply add any useful stuff! Especially the section about setting up should be improved so that it more then just linking somewhere else, also some examples would be greatly appreciated. Also feel free to correct anything wrong.

取自“https://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?title=UbuntuHelp:Devilspie&oldid=138754”