Ubuntu breezy

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[编辑] Unofficial Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger) Starter Guide

This guide http://ubuntuguide.org/ was started by Chua Wen Kiat (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). It is now being maintained by the Linux Center of University of Latvia, and everyone else who is willing to contribute.

Contributors: orvils, Cargo, Quash, Byte, krampo, Simos ...


Other versions

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Translations: Latviešu • Русский • Polski • Traditional Chinese • Italiano • Persian • Português do Brasil • Português


目录


[编辑] General Notes

  1. This is an Unofficial Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger) Starter Guide. It is not associated with Ubuntu and Canonical Ltd.
  2. Guide is tested on a full installation of the Ubuntu 5.10 x86 Install CD (Breezy Badger)
  3. If you see a bluish box, this means you have to execute the commands in Terminal mode (Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal) or use the content of that box as mentioned in some other instructions.
  4. To reduce typo mistakes, copy and paste the commands into Terminal mode (right click on the commands -> "Copy" or "Paste". You can also use Ctrl+C to copy and Shift+Insert to paste it)
  5. "sudo" means superuser do. "sudo" will prompt for "Password:". Please specify user password
  6. If you want more information about any command, simply look at the manual page for it using the "man" command. For example, "man sudo" will display the manual page for the "sudo" command.
  7. If you are tired of typing "apt-get" all the time, Read #How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic)
  8. "apt-get" and "wget" requires Internet connection to install/update/download programs
  9. To download file, right click on the link -> Select "Save Link As..." -> Make sure file name and extension are correct
  10. If you wish to help translating Ubuntu to your native language or to help Ubuntu otherwise visit https://launchpad.net/
  11. May the "humanity to others" spirit be with you always...


If you are using Kubuntu you need to install Gedit 
sudo apt-get install gedit
Or replace 'gedit' with 'kwrite', for example, instead of writing 
 sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
Write 
 sudo kwrite /etc/apt/sources.list
If you are using 64-bit version replace "i386" with "amd64"

[编辑] Getting Started

[编辑] What is Ubuntu

[编辑] Where to view Ubuntu screenshots

[编辑] Where to find a list of all the programs/libraries that comes with Ubuntu

[编辑] Where to download Ubuntu

[编辑] Where to order Ubuntu CDs for absolutely FREE

[编辑] Where to find help for Ubuntu

[编辑] Where to look for new programs

[编辑] Where to look for style elements for your desktop

[编辑] Repositories

[编辑] How to add extra repositories 

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
  • Replace everything with the following lines 
## Add comments (##) in front of any line to remove it from being checked.   
## Use the following sources.list at your own risk.  
## You may replace "us" with your country code to get the closest mirror.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted

## MAJOR BUG FIX UPDATES produced after the final release
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted

## UBUNTU SECURITY UPDATES
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe

## UNIVERSE AND MULTIVERSE REPOSITORY (Unsupported by Ubuntu.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe multiverse

## BACKPORTS REPOSITORY (Unsupported.  May contain illegal packages.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## PLF REPOSITORY (Unsupported.  May contain illegal packages.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://packages.freecontrib.org/ubuntu/plf breezy free non-free
deb-src http://packages.freecontrib.org/ubuntu/plf breezy free non-free
  • Save the edited file 
sudo apt-get update
Use your own sources.list file only if you understand what you're doing

[编辑] Ubuntu Updates

[编辑] How to manually update Ubuntu 

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

[编辑] Installing additional software (Automatix)

  • This is a graphical interface for installation of a lot of apps on Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Xubuntu BREEZY and DAPPER (DOES NOT WORK ON Warty or Hoary).
  • Automatix will help you to install Multimedia codecs; all Firefox plugins (java, flash, etc); RAR, ACE and UNRAR archive support; skype; Acrobat reader 7; Gnomebaker; gftp; DC++ and amule; Frostwire; Audacity; Kino; EasyTag; Mplayer; totem-xine; VLC; Beep Media Player; Opera; Bittornado; Azureus; Enables Numlock on; Programming Tools (Anjuta (C/C++ IDE), Bluefish (HTML editor), (Web Dev)); GnomePPP; MS true type fonts; Streamtuner; NON-FREE audio and dvd codecs; ndisgtk (WiFi configurator Graphical user interface); SUN'S JAVA JRE v1.5; SUN'S JAVA JDK v1.5; wine; gdesklets; Detect Nvidia cards and install drivers and do some other usefull thinks.
  • If you are in The United States of America DO NOT install NON-FREE audio and dvd codecs. IT IS ILLEGAL TO DO SO.

[编辑] How to get Automatix

  • To install Automatix in Ubuntu 
sudo apt-get install xterm
wget http://beerorkid.com/automatix/automatix_5.8-3_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i automatix_5.8-3_i386.deb
Applications -> System Tools -> Automatix
  • To install Automatix in Kubuntu/Xubuntu 
sudo apt-get install xterm libglade2-0 libgnomecanvas2-0
wget http://kambing.vlsm.org/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zenity/zenity_2.12.1-0ubuntu1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i zenity_2.12.1-0ubuntu1_i386.deb
wget http://beerorkid.com/automatix/automatix_5.8-3_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i automatix_5.8-3_i386.deb
Main Menu -> System -> Automatix

[编辑] Add-On Applications

[编辑] How to install Menu Editor for GNOME 

sudo apt-get install smeg

[编辑] How to install Clipboard Daemon for GNOME 

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2
sudo tar jxvf gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2 -C /usr/bin/
sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon
sudo gnome-clipboard-daemon &
export EDITOR=gedit && crontab -e
  • Add the following line at the end of file 
@reboot gnome-clipboard-daemon
  • Save the edited file

[编辑] How to install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox 

sudo apt-get install sun-j2re1.5
echo 3 | sudo update-alternatives --config java
  • Restart Mozilla Firefox

[编辑] How to install Flash Player (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox 

sudo apt-get install flashplayer-mozilla
  • Restart Mozilla Firefox

[编辑] How to install PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox 

sudo apt-get install acroread
sudo apt-get install mozilla-acroread
sudo apt-get install acroread-plugins

[编辑] How to install Download Manager (Downloader for X) 

sudo apt-get install d4x

[编辑] How to install FTP Client (gFTP) 

sudo apt-get install gftp

[编辑] How to install File share utility (DC++) 

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/linuxdcpp.tar.gz 
sudo tar zxvf linuxdcpp.tar.gz -C /opt
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/dcpp.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=DC++
Exec=/opt/linuxdcpp/ldcpp
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Icon=/opt/linuxdcpp/pixmaps/linuxdcpp.svg
Categories=Application;Network;
  • Save the edited file
  • Applications -> Internet -> DC++

[编辑] How to install P2P BitTorrent Client (Azureus) 

wget -c http://kent.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/azureus/Azureus_2.4.0.2_linux.tar.bz2
sudo tar jxvf Azureus_2.4.0.2_linux.tar.bz2 -C /opt
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/azureus.desktop
  • Add the following to the new file: 
[Desktop Entry] 
Name=Azureus
Comment=A Bittorrent client
Exec=/opt/azureus/azureus
Icon=/opt/azureus/Azureus.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
  • Save the edited file
  • Applications -> Internet -> Azureus

[编辑] How to install P2P eMule Client (aMule) 

sudo apt-get install amule

[编辑] How to install P2P Gnutella Client (LimeWire) 

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/LimeWireOther.zip
sudo unzip -u LimeWireOther.zip -d /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/LimeWire/
sudo gedit /usr/bin/runLime.sh
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
cd /opt/LimeWire/
./runLime.sh
  • Save the edited file 
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/runLime.sh
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/LimeWire.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=LimeWire
Comment=LimeWire
Exec=runLime.sh
Icon=/opt/LimeWire/LimeWire.ico
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;

[编辑] How to install Messenger (Skype) 

wget -c http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-static
sudo tar jxvf skype_staticQT-1.3.0.53.tar.bz2 -C /opt/
sudo ln -s /opt/skype-1.3.0.53/skype /usr/bin/skype
sudo cp /opt/skype-1.3.0.53/skype.desktop /usr/share/applications/skype.desktop
sudo cp /opt/skype-1.3.0.53/icons/skype_32_32.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/32x32/apps/skype.png
rm skype_staticQT-1.3.0.53.tar.bz2

[编辑] How to install WinPopup (LinPopUp) 

sudo apt-get install linpopup
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/linpopup.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=LinPopUp
Comment=LinPopUp
Exec=linpopup
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/linpopup.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Utility;

[编辑] How to install Multimedia Codecs 

sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-plugins
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-lame
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-ffmpeg
sudo apt-get install lame
sudo apt-get install sox
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
sudo apt-get install mjpegtools
sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools
sudo apt-get install w32codecs
gst-register-0.8

[编辑] How to install DVD playback capability 

sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2

[编辑] How to install Multimedia Player (xine-ui) 

sudo apt-get install xine-ui
  • Associate xine-ui to play multimedia files 
gconftool-2 --type string --set /desktop/gnome/volume_manager/autoplay_dvd_command "xine dvd://"
sudo rm -f /usr/share/applnk/Multimedia/xine.desktop
sudo ln -fs /usr/share/xine/desktop/xine.desktop /usr/share/applications/
sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup
sudo sed -e 's/totem.desktop/xine.desktop/g' /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup > /tmp/defaults.list
sudo mv /tmp/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list

[编辑] How to install Multimedia Player (MPlayer) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox 

sudo apt-get install mplayer-386
sudo apt-get install mplayer-fonts
sudo apt-get install mozilla-mplayer
sudo cp /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf
  • Find this line 
...
vo=x11,         # To specify default video driver (see -vo help for
...
  • Replace with the following line 
vo=xv,         # To specify default video driver (see -vo help for

[编辑] How to install VLC Multimedia player 

sudo apt-get install vlc
sudo apt-get install vlc-plugin-*

[编辑] How to install Multimedia Player (XMMS) 

sudo apt-get install xmms
sudo apt-get install xmms-skins
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/xmms-wma_1.0.4-2_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i xmms-wma_1.0.4-2_i386.deb
  • Associate XMMS to play MP3/M3U/WAV files 
sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup
sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /tmp/defaults.list_tmp
sudo sed -e 's/audio\/mpeg=.*/audio\/mpeg=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.list_tmp > /tmp/defaults.mp3
sudo sed -e 's/audio\/x-mpegurl=.*/audio\/x-mpegurl=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.mp3 > /tmp/defaults.m3u
sudo sed -e 's/audio\/x-wav=.*/audio\/x-wav=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.m3u > /tmp/defaults.list
sudo mv /tmp/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list
sudo rm -f /tmp/defaults.*

[编辑] How to install Multimedia Player (amaroK) 

sudo apt-get install amarok
  • Applications -> Sound & Video -> amaroK

[编辑] How to install Multimedia Player (RealPlayer 10) 

sudo apt-get install realplay
Note: 'realplay' installs RealPlayer 10 from PLF repo. 'realplayer' installs RealPlayer 8 from multiverse.

[编辑] How to install Stream Directory Browser (streamtuner) 

sudo apt-get install streamtuner
sudo apt-get install streamripper

[编辑] How to install Music Organizer (Cowbell) 

sudo apt-get install cowbell
  • Applications -> Sound & Video -> Cowbell Music Organizer

[编辑] How to install ID3 Tag Editor (EasyTAG) 

sudo apt-get install easytag

[编辑] How to install Video Editor (Kino) 

sudo apt-get install kino
sudo apt-get install kinoplus
sudo apt-get install kino-timfx
sudo apt-get install kino-dvtitler

[编辑] How to install Audio Editor (Audacity) 

sudo apt-get install audacity

[编辑] How to install DVD Ripper (dvd::rip) 

sudo apt-get install dvdrip
sudo apt-get install vcdimager
sudo apt-get install cdrdao
sudo apt-get install subtitleripper
sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/rar-2.80
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/dvdrip.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=dvd::rip 
Comment=dvd::rip
Exec=dvdrip
Icon=/usr/share/perl5/Video/DVDRip/icon.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;

[编辑] How to install CD Ripper (Goobox) 

sudo apt-get install goobox
sudo rm -f /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=CD Player & Ripper
Comment=Play and extract CDs
Exec=goobox
Icon=goobox.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;

[编辑] How to install Image Viewer (digiKam) 

sudo apt-get install digikam
  • Applications -> Graphics -> digikam

[编辑] How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird) 

sudo apt-get install mozilla-thunderbird

[编辑] How to install Newsreader (Pan) 

sudo apt-get install pan

[编辑] How to install RSS/RDF/Atom Newsreader (RSSOwl) 

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin.tar.gz -C /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/
sudo gedit /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:${MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME}:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
cd /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/
./run.sh
  • Save the edited file 
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RSSOwl.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=RSSOwl
Comment=RSSOwl
Exec=runRSSOwl.sh
Icon=/opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/rssowl.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
  • Save the edited file
  • Applications -> Internet -> RSSOwl

[编辑] How to install Web Authoring System (Nvu) 

sudo apt-get install nvu
sudo rm -f /usr/share/applications/nvu.desktop
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/nvu.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Nvu
Comment=Web Development Editor
Exec=nvu
Icon=nvu.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;

[编辑] How to install Web Development Environment (quanta plus) 

sudo apt-get install quanta
  • Applications -> Programming -> Quanta Plus

[编辑] How to install Project Management Application (Planner) 

sudo apt-get install planner

[编辑] How to install Accounting Application (GnuCash) 

sudo apt-get install gnucash
sudo rm -fr /usr/share/gnome/apps/Applications/
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/GnuCash.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=GnuCash
Comment=GnuCash Personal Finance
Exec=gnucash
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/gnucash/gnucash-icon.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Office;

[编辑] How to install Desktop Publishing Application (Scribus) 

sudo apt-get install scribus

[编辑] How to install Diagram Editor (Dia) 

sudo apt-get install dia-gnome

[编辑] How to install Compiled HTML Help (CHM) Viewer (xCHM) 

sudo apt-get install xchm

[编辑] How to install CD/DVD Burning Application (GnomeBaker) 

sudo apt-get install gnomebaker

[编辑] How to install CD/DVD Burning Application (K3b) 

sudo apt-get install k3b k3b-mp3
  • Applications -> Sound & Video -> K3b

[编辑] How to install Dialup PPP Client (GNOME PPP) 

sudo apt-get install gnome-ppp

[编辑] How to install Broadband ADSL/PPPoE Client (RP-PPPoE) 

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/rp-pppoe-3.6.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf rp-pppoe-3.6.tar.gz -C /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rp-pppoe-3.6/
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RP-PPPoE.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Name=RP-PPPoE
Comment=RP-PPPoE
Exec=gksudo /opt/rp-pppoe-3.6/go-gui
Icon=
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;

[编辑] How to install Boot-Up Manager (BUM) 

sudo apt-get install bum

[编辑] How to install Partition Editor (GParted) 

sudo apt-get install gparted

[