搜索  

• UbuntuHelp
• 讨论
• 编辑
• 历史
• 简体
• 繁體

• 导航
  • 首页
  • 社区
  • 当前事件
  • 最近更改
  • 随机页面
  • 帮助
• 工具箱
  • 链入页面
  • 链出更改
  • 上传文件
  • 特殊页面
• 个人工具
  • 登录

UbuntuHelp:UbuntuScience

出自Ubuntu中文

The aim of this page is to become a useful resource for scientists, engineers and students using Ubuntu (or any other) Linux. Please add information or comments.

目录 1 Introduction 2 Applications 2.1 Legend 2.2 Astronomy 2.3 Biology 2.4 Biophysics 2.5 Chemistry 2.6 Computer Science 2.7 Earth Sciences (Geology/Geography) 2.8 Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2.9 Econometrics 2.10 Electronics 2.11 Engineering Sciences 2.12 Mathematics 2.12.1 Statistics 2.13 Medicine 2.14 Physics 2.15 Tools 2.15.1 Fortran Compilers 2.15.2 Plotting Tools 2.15.3 Plot Digitizers 2.15.4 Image Processing Tools 2.15.5 Vector Drawing Tools 2.15.6 Word Processing Tools 2.15.7 Bibliographic Tools 2.15.8 Distributed Computing 3 Ubuntu Packages 3.1 Science Section 3.2 Mathematics Section 3.3 TeX Section 4 Alternatives to Proprietary Scientific Software 5 Hardware 5.1 Data acquisition 5.2 Computer controlled systems 6 Other information 6.1 Other Linux Distributions for Scientists 6.2 Unofficial Ubuntu/Debian repositories with science software 6.3 Mailing Lists about Linux and Science 6.4 Related Wiki Pages 6.5 Online Forums 6.6 Links 6.7 Books

[编辑] Introduction

GNU/Linux is a great operating system for scientists, for many reasons:

• It is stable, secure and runs on all sorts of hardware, from embedded systems to supercomputers.
• It is possible to create a highly customised setup to do what you want.
• Repetitive tasks can be automated.
• There are lots of useful free scientific programs and tools.

A guide for installing various applications on Ubuntu with assorted tips and tricks is at UbuntuScience/Howto (still a work in progress....)

[编辑] Applications

Some applications that scientists use in Linux. Please add some more.

[编辑] Legend

- installed by default in Ubuntu <
> - installed by default in Kubuntu <
> - installed by default in Edubuntu <
> - Main (officially supported) Ubuntu repository, not installed by default <
> - Universe (community maintained) repository <
> - Multiverse (non-free) repository <
> Those installed by default are in Main (officially supported) Ubuntu repository. For information about the Ubuntu repositories see Repositories. Clicking on the icon next a program should take you to information about the Ubuntu package.

[编辑] Astronomy

• KStars Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=edubuntu.png - A virtual planetarium.
• XEphem - A very comprehensive ephemeris/planetarium. Old interface.
• Nightfall - An astronomy application for fun, education, and science.
• Stellarium Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Stellarium is a free open source planetarium that shows a realistic sky in 3D, just like what you see with the naked eye, binoculars or a telescope.
• Google Earth Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png - 3D earth viewing application includes a sky view.

More Astronomy applications - UbuntuScience/Astronomy

[编辑] Biology

• BioPerl Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - a collection of Perl modules that are useful for programmers in bioinformatics/biology
• also see BioJava and BioPython
• ClustalW Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png - Global multiple nucleotide or peptide sequence alignment
• ClustalX Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png - GUI for ClustalW
• Tree View X Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Tree View X is an open source program to display phylogenetic trees on Linux, Unix, Mac OS X, and Windows platforms. It can read and display NEXUS and Newick format tree files (such as those output by PAUP*, ClustalX, TREE-PUZZLE, and other programs).
• Tree-puzzle Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - TREE-PUZZLE is a computer program to reconstruct phylogenetic trees from molecular sequence data by maximum likelihood.
• <<Anchor(ITK)>>Insight Toolkit (ITK) Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - an open-source software toolkit for performing registration and segmentation. Created to support the Visible Human Project .
• unofficial Debian packages

More Biology applications - UbuntuScience/Biology

[编辑] Biophysics

• Pymol Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An open source visualization program. Reads many formats, including crystallographic map files
• Coot - Superb tool for crystallographers
• VMD - Another visualization program, this one better suited for reading trajectories from simulations, or generating custom graphics. Takes Tcl and Python scripts, making it very flexible. Also includes good built in analysis tools, such as Vol'Map

[编辑] Chemistry

• GChemPaint Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A 2D chemical structures editor.
• ghemical Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A molecular modeling and computational chemistry package that provides molecular mechanics, semi-empirical (via MOPAC7), and ab initio (via MPQC) calculations.
• gdis Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A molecular display program that supports OpenGL and POVRay rendering.
• OpenBabelTemplate:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A chemical file format conversion program.
• ChemtoolTemplate:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - 2D molecule drawing programs similar to Chem'Draw.
• xdrawchem Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - 2D molecule drawing programs similar to Chem'Draw.
• chemicalInventory - A free chemical inventory database using JChem for structure searching.
• mpqc Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - The Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry Program. Ab initio quantum chemical computational package.
• Linux4Chemistry - List of Linux applications that may be useful for chemists.
• GROMACS Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A versatile package to perform molecular dynamics, i.e. simulate the Newtonian equations of motion for systems with hundreds to millions of particles.

[编辑] Computer Science

[编辑] Earth Sciences (Geology/Geography)

• Ubuntu:UbuntuGIS This is the page where suggestions and software lists for a professional "out of the box" Ubuntu based GIS workstation should be collected.
• GRASS Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Geographic Resources Analysis Support System Commonly referred to as GRASS, is a Geographic Information System (GIS) used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, graphics/map production, spatial modeling, and visualization. GRASS is currently used in academic and commercial settings around the world, as well as by many government agencies and environmental consulting companies.
• QGIS Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Quantum GIS (QGIS) supports shapefile viewing and editing, spatial data storage with PostgreSQL/PostGIS, projection on-the-fly, map composition, and a number of other features via a plugin interface.
• ncview - A very fast program for viewing netCDF files (a standard widely used in meteorology, climate and oceanography).
• Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - GMT is an open source collection of ~60 tools for manipulating geographic and Cartesian data sets (including filtering, trend fitting, gridding, projecting, etc.) and producing Encapsulated Post'Script File (EPS) illustrations ranging from simple x-y plots via contour maps to artificially illuminated surfaces and 3-D perspective views.
• WW2D - Java based application similar to NASA World Wind or Google Earth software.
• Google Earth Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png - 3D earth viewing application using satellite images (no cost but proprietary).
• Thuban Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An interactive geographic data viewer.
• Survex Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Cave surveying and mapping software.
• Therion Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Cave surveying - 2D and 3D drawing software.
• Grads - Very fast graphics program for looking at meteorological data. Movies are very fast.

[编辑] Ecology and Environmental Sciences

• Swarm - A conceptual framework for designing, describing, and conducting experiments on ABMs.
• Repast - The Recursive Porous Agent Simulation Toolkit.
• NetLogo - A Java-based programmable modeling environment for simulating natural and social phenomena.
• Simile - A proprietary ($$$) System Dynamics and object-based modeling and simulation software package similar to Stella, Model Maker, Vensim, etc. It is advertised as "Visual modeling software for the earth, environmental and life sciences". A free evaluation version, which limits the size of saved models, is available.

[编辑] Econometrics

• Gretl Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - The GNU Regression, Econometric and Time-Series Library (gretl) is a package for econometric analysis.

[编辑] Electronics

• Eagle Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png - A printed circuit board design tool.
• oregano Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Schematic capture, netlists, and spice for simulations.
• gEDA Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - GPL suite of Electronic Design Automation tools.
• Qucs Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An integrated circuit simulator.
• Icarus Verilog Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Icarus Verilog is a Verilog simulation and synthesis tool. It operates as a compiler, compiling source code written in Verilog (IEEE-1364) into some target format.

[编辑] Engineering Sciences

• QCad Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A 2D-Computer Aided Design application similar AutoCAD. It is available in the universe repositories.
• CyCAS - A commercial Computer Aided Design application for architects. There is a public version available.
• ARCAD - A commercial Computer Aided Design application for architects.
• BRL-CAD - A Open Source 3D-CAD program. It is a Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) solid modeling system with over 20 years development and production use by the U.S. military.
• Varkon Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Open Source 3D- (parametric) and 2D-Developmentplatform for a CAD program. It is available in the universe repositories.
• Salome - A Open Source software suite including Pre-/Post processing Tools: 3D-CAD, Mesher, FEM-Software
• Free-CAD - Modern Open Source 3D-Solid CAD. FreeCAD will aim directly to mechanical engineering, product design and related features (like Catia, and Solid-Works). Early state of Development.
• gCAD3D - A 3D-surface-CAD/CAM. Program is freeware.
• Graphiteone - 3D and 2D commercial mechanical engineering CAD. Version 1.3: Free for personal use only. Version 2.0: With Parasolid-Kernel from UGS, Evaluationlicence for one month available.
• Gmsh an automatic 3D finite element grid generator with a built-in CAD engine and post-processor.
• CollabCAD - 3D and 2D commercial mechanical engineering CAD/CAM based on open source software . Freeware-Version available.
• Varicad - Modern 3D and 2D commercial mechanical engineering CAD. Cheap CATIA, Pro/E - LIGHT. Trialversion for one month available.
• Webersys - 3D and 2D commercial mechanical engineering CAD/CAM. Trialversion for one month available.
• MEDUSA - 2D/3D commercial mechanical engineering CAD. Free for personal use only.
• Pro/ENGINEER - A 3D-commercial mechanical engineering and design CAD tool.
• A list of CAD software for Linux

[编辑] Mathematics

• GDL Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png- GNU Data Language is a high level language for numerical computations and data visualization similar to IDL (Interactive Data Language from Research Systems Inc.).
• Octave Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - GNU Octave is a high-level language, primarily intended for numerical computations. (Similar to MATLAB). Octave
• SciCraft - Add-on to Octave, clones Simulink. Still in development, blocks have to be written by the user. It is supposed to specialize in bioinformatics functions.
• Scilab Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png - Another MATLAB-like application.
• SciCos - A free Simulink-like add-on to Scilab.
• Maxima Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A computer algebra system (xmaxima is its X interface).
• wxMaxima Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A nice front end for Maxima.
• The wxmaxima package doesn't work in Ubuntu 6.06. Please go to the wxMaxima page in this wiki for a work around.
• Here is a tutorial about using Te'Xmacs as a Maxima frontend
• imaxima embeds a Maxima session in Emacs and uses LaTeX to render output
• GNU MP Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=UbuntuGrey.png - GNU Multi-Precision arithmetic library. Useful if you need to use very big numbers in a C program.
• <<Anchor(GSL)>>GSL Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - The Gnu Scientific Library.
• OOStatistics - A statistics macro for OpenOffice Calc.
• freefem Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A partial differential equation oriented language using Finite Element Method - 2D and 3D versions.
• OpenFOAM - A former commercial computational fluid dynamics code that is now under GPL, see end of this page and
• OpenFOAM has instructions on how to install OpenFOAM on Ubuntu.
• SciPy Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An open source library of scientific tools for Python.
• SciPy CookBook
• A wiki page similar to this one.
• F2PY Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Fortran to Python interface generator provides a connection between Python and Fortran languages.
• GiNaC Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - C++ library for symbolic computations.
• SAGE - An open source computer algebra system. Their goal is to create a viable free and open source alternative to the commercial programs Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB.
• Mathematica - A proprietary computer algebra system. Mathematica
• Maple - A proprietary computer algebra system. Maple
• IDL - A proprietary data visualization & data analysis platform.
• MATLAB - A proprietary numerical computing environment and programming language .Matlab
• PDL Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Perl Data Language is a powerful data mathematics and data manipulation package for Perl.
• Mupad - A proprietary computer algebra system.
• Clucalc - A tool for 3D visualisations, Clifford algebras and scientific calculations.
• AUTO 2000 - Software for continuation and bifurcation problems in ordinary differential equations.
• GAP - Groups, Algorithms, Programming Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - a System for Computational Discrete Algebra.
• Pari/GP Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - designed for fast computations in number theory.
• AribasTemplate:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - an interactive interpreter for big integer arithmetic and multi-precision floating point arithmetic
• Yacas Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - an easy to use, general purpose Computer Algebra System, a program for symbolic manipulation of mathematical expressions.

[编辑] Statistics

• R Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - for statistical computing and graphics.
• JGR - Java GUI for R.
• RKWard Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An easy to use, transparent front end to the R language.
• Some R tutorials and examples.
• R Graph Gallery - Collection of graphics that can be created using R. Includes the R commands used to create the graphics.
• PSPP/PSPPIRE It is intended as a free replacement of the proprietary program SPSS. PSPPIRE is the PSPP GUI.

[编辑] Medicine

• Debian-med - A set of metapackages that Ubuntu inherits from Debian for medical practice and research.
• Aeskulap - A medical image viewer.
• GNUmed Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Medical practice software.
• kradview - DICOM viewer.
• OpenClinica - A web-based Clinical Data Management Software (CDMS) platform for managing multi-site clinical research studies.
• openDICOM.NET - DICOM imaging software.

[编辑] Physics

• Cernlib Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A suite of data analysis tools and libraries created for use in physics experiments, but also with applications to other fields such as the chemical and biological sciences.
• Lightspeed Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An OpenGL-based program developed to illustrate the effects of special relativity on the appearance of moving objects.
• JaxoDraw - A Java program for drawing Feynman diagrams.
• <<Anchor(ROOT)>>ROOT - An object oriented data analysis framework.
• HepForge - A website hosting high energy physics (HEP) software development projects - ie. Sourceforge for (HEP). HepForge Projects

More Physics applications - UbuntuScience/Physics

[编辑] Tools

• BIKA - A laboratory information management system (LIMS) built on top of Zope and Plone, and coded in Python.
• FitykTemplate:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A curve fitting and data analysis program, specialized in peak fitting.
• Bumblebee - A system for managing instruments and other resources (e.g. analytical equipment) that must be shared between a number of users.
• g3data Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - "g3data is used for extracting data from graphs. In publications graphs often are included, but the actual data is missing. g3data makes the extracting process much easier."

[编辑] Fortran Compilers

• Intel Fortran Compiler 9.0 for noncommercial use. Please respect the license agreements. A step by step installation guide can be found here: http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=89571 (Post by Chickenmonger)
• gfortranTemplate:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - The GNU Fortran 95 compiler.
• g95 - The goal of the g95 project is to create a free, open source Fortran 95 compiler and runtime libraries.

[编辑] Plotting Tools

• PLplot Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A powerful 2D and 3D scientific plotting library with C, C++, Fortran, Java, Python, Perl, Octave, and Tcl interfaces. Device plugins include X, wxWidgets, Gnome Canvas Widget, and Tk GUIs as well as Post'Script, PNG, JPEG, and GIF file devices.
• GNUplot Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A command-line driven 2D/3D plotting tool. Can perform data fitting and exports to PNG, PS, Xfig, and LaTeX formats. Has python bindings (python-gnuplot) for including in other programs or scripts.
• plotdrop Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A minimal GNOME front end to GNUPlot.
• gnuplot tips (not so Frequently Asked Questions).
• graceTemplate:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A 2D WYSIWYG plotting tool that exports to JPEG, PNG, EPS, PDF, and SVG. Also does curve fitting.
• PGPLOT Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png - Fortran- or C-callable graphics subroutine package for making scientific graphs.
• RLPlot Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - RLPlot is a GUI based program for displaying scientific data in standard formats. It has full support for all error-bar types and it has greater flexibility with displaying colour and texture in charts than gnuplot (filled bar chart boxes are possible without any additional programs). Output is generated on the X display here further changes can be made to the graph using point and click methods. Images can be exported as scalable vector graphics (SVG) as well as EPS, WMF and TIFF formats.
• Graphics Layout Engine - GLE is a full featured scripting language that includes variables, subroutines, logic control, looping, a graphing tool, and more to produce high quality output. It has a full range of facilities for producing publication-quality graphs, diagrams, posters and slides. GLE provides LaTeX quality fonts together with a flexible graphics module, which allows the user to specify any feature of a graph (down to the line width of the subticks, for example). Complex pictures can be drawn with user-defined subroutines and simple looping structures. Essentially, GLE is a scripting language and if you are used to writing software, using LaTeX, or any other non-WYSIWYG tools, then you will enjoy using GLE. An autopackage is also available.
• SciGraphica Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A scientific application for data analysis and technical graphics. Attempts to be a "Microcal Origin" clone.
• Qtiplot Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A 2D/3D, Qt based plotting tool that attempts to be another "Origin" clone.
• LabPlot Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Another Qt based 2D/3D GUI plotting tool that also does curve fitting, supports many data formats, UbuntuHelp:LaTeX labeling, [[UbuntuHelp:[GSL|GSL|[GSL|GSL]]] functions, and statistics.
• Veusz - A scientific plotting package written in Python.
• Gri Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A scientific graphics language.
• Matplotlib Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - a cross platform 2d plotting library for Python.
• PyX Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Python graphics package for the creation of Postscript and PDF files - useful for graphing.
• MayaVi Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An easy to use scientific data visualizer.
• Paraview - An application designed with the need to visualize large data sets in mind.
• kst Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A plotting and data viewing program.
• Lybniz Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A simple function graph plotter (graphic calculator), in Python and GTK. Ubuntu .deb available.
• Zhu3D - Interactive 3D plotting program using OpenGL.

[编辑] Plot Digitizers

• Plot Digitizer - A Java program used to digitize scanned plots of functional data.
• g3data Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A program for extracting data from graphs.
• Engauge Digitizer Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - a Qt-based system including zoom and curve-tracing functionality, apparently (it seemed a little unintuitive on my first play with it).

[编辑] Image Processing Tools

• ImageJ - Java-based image processing.
• VIPS Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A free image processing system.

[编辑] Vector Drawing Tools

• Xfig Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A diagram and figure creation tool. Can import GIF, JPEG, and EPS figures and can export to Postscript, LaTeX, and bitmap files.
• Skencil Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An excellent vector drawing package. Especially useful for creating and annotating existing Postscript figures. Numerous plugins are available, most notably a [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]] plugin. Can import many different formats.
• Tgif Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Another excellent Postscript drawing program. Most suitable for black and white Postscript figures.
• Inkscape Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircle.png - Excellent vector drawing program. Uses SVG format by default, but can write to EPS, PDF and [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]] with PSTricks macros, among other formats.
• Dia Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A "Visio" like diagram tool. Especially useful for simple circuits and flowcharts.
• Ipe Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A drawing editor for creating figures in PDF or (encapsulated) Postscript format. Incorporates [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]] code quite well.
• jPicEdt - Java based drawing program which can generate [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]], eepic and pstricks code from a user-friendly graphical interface.
• LaTeXDraw - Java based drawing program which can generate and edit pstricks code for [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]].

[编辑] Word Processing Tools

• [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]] - WYGIWYW (What You Get Is What You Want) text mark up system. What scientists in several fields (e.g., physics, mathematics) write papers with. LaTeX
• Lyx Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A WYSIWYM (What You See Is What You Mean) [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]] frontend. LyX
• <<Anchor(Kile)>> Kile Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]]-frontend for KDE, with support for syntax highlighting and convenient palettes for all standard mathematical symbols and text formatting. It also provides easy access to forward and inverse search facilities.
• ekee - Allows you to write equations in [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]] and drag and drop them into other applications.
• OOoLatex - A set of Open'Office macros designed to integrate [[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]] equations.
• Conglomerate Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - An XML editor, to create DocBook or similar formats.
• Pytexipng - A LaTeX formula converter to png images using a nice GTK GUI. Pytexipng can convert a LaTeX formula into a png image file that can be used on any WYSIWYG word processor application as Open``Office.org Writer, Abiword or KWord.
• Texmaker Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - Like [[UbuntuHelp:[Kile|Kile]]] but loads faster.
• TeXmacs Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleUn.png - A WYSIWYG scientific text editor.
• doubles as an interface for computer algebra systems like [Maxima], Maple, mupad, axiom, giac, GTybalt, Macaulay 2, pari, yacas.
• can also be used as a front end for [R], Octave, [GNUplot], [Xfig], [Dr. Geo], [Eukleides], [Qcl].
• preview-latex - (almost) turns Emacs into a WYSIWYG-[[UbuntuHelp:LaTeX|LaTeX]]-frontend.
• Can also be used in lyx.
• latex2html Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png, tth Template:Https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IconsPage?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=iconCircleM2.png and