Ubuntu:Gutsy

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目录

[编辑] Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon, the successor of Feisty Fawn was released on Oct 18th, 2007. Please help test and perfect this guide.

This guide was started by Chua Wen Kiat (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). It is now being maintained by the Linux Center of University of Latvia, and everyone else who is willing to contribute.

This guide can be discussed at the official UbuntuGuide.org Forum at ubuntuforums.org. Stop by and join the discussion.

[编辑] Preface

[编辑] About Gutsy

  • On October 18, 2007 Ubuntu 7.10 was released.
  • It was code named Gutsy Gibbon and is the successor to Ubuntu 7.04 Feisty Fawn (Feisty+1 or the very next release after Feisty)
  • Gutsy will be supported for 18 months on both desktops and servers.
  • Users requiring a longer support lifetime on servers may choose to continue using Ubuntu 6.06 LTS, with security support until 2011, rather than upgrade to or install 7.10.

[编辑] How to find out what version of Ubuntu you're using

  • Read #General Notes
  • In Gutsy goto System -> Administration -> System Monitor -> System Tab

or on all versions and derivatives of Ubuntu use this command: 

lsb_release -a

[编辑] Newer Versions of Ubuntu

  • Ubuntu uses a six month release cycle
  • These releases occur in April and October
  • The next release is scheduled for April 24, 2008 and will be Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) which is Gutsy+1.
  • Hardy Heron will be a LTS (Long Term Support) release and will be supported with security updates for five years on the server and three years on the desktop.

[编辑] Older Versions of Ubuntu

If you are using an outdated version of Ubuntu, you should consider updating it to Gutsy. There have been considerable improvements to this version, and the updater used in Gutsy will ease transitions to future versions. If you are in a production environment, or if everything works perfectly for you, you may wish to stay with a Long-Term Support (LTS) version.

  • Dapper is latest LTS and the next version Gutsy+1 will be the next LTS released.

[编辑] General Notes

  1. This is an Unofficial Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) Starter Guide. It is neither associated with Ubuntu nor with Canonical Ltd.
  2. This guide can be discussed at the official UbuntuGuide.org Forum at ubuntuforums.org. Stop by and join the discussion.
  3. If you see a bluish box, this means you have to execute the commands in Terminal mode (Applications -> Accesories -> Terminal) or use the content of that box as mentioned in some other instructions.
  4. To reduce typo mistakes, copy and paste the commands into Terminal mode (right click on the commands -> "Copy" or "Paste". You can also use Ctrl+C to copy and Shift+Insert to paste it)
  5. "sudo" means "substitute user do". Sudo will prompt for your "Password:". Please specify your user password. You could for example substitute for another user on your system—eg sudo -u peter <command> would run a command as user peter on your system.
  6. If you want more information about any command, simply look at the manual page for it using the "man" command. For example, "man sudo" will display the manual page for the "sudo" command.
  7. If you are tired of typing "apt-get" all the time, use the synaptic package manager, a front end to apt-get.
  8. "apt-get" and "wget" require an internet connection to install/update/download programs
  9. All references to "aptitude" will be replaced with "apt-get". You may still use "aptitude" if you wish, however this could cause dependency issues.
  10. To download a file, right click on the link -> Select "Save Link As..." -> Make sure file name and extension are correct
  11. If you wish to help translating Ubuntu to your native language or to help Ubuntu otherwise visit https://launchpad.net/
  12. May the "humanity to others" spirit be with you always...
If you are using 64-bit version replace any "i386" with "amd64"

[编辑] External Link Declaration

Some articles in this guide include external links. This has the advantage of keeping this guide shorter while providing quality howto's, instructions, screenshots, videos, guides, etc. However, Ubuntuguide.org cannot do a quality check on each link. Sometimes the links will go "dead" or provide misinformation or change their content. Be aware that once you leave Ubuntuguide.org, that we cannot be held responsible for any information at those links. If you find a dead link or misinformation at one of the links please post the link here and the section of the guide it is found in. Or if you have time and want to be a really good person, fix the link for us by editing the guide. Thank you!!!

[编辑] Report a Dead or Misinformative Link

If you find a "Dead Link" or a "Misinformative Link" please post it here along with the section you found it in. Thank you!

[编辑] About Ubuntu and Official Ubuntu Derivatives

[编辑] Ubuntu 7.10 Guides and Links


[编辑] Ubuntu Screenshots

Ubuntu 7.10 Screenshots Gallery

[编辑] Kubuntu 7.10 Guides and Links

[编辑] Kubuntu Screenshots

Kubuntu 7.10 Screenshots Gallery

[编辑] Xubuntu 7.10 Guides and Links

[编辑] Xubuntu Screenshots

Xubuntu 7.10 Screenshots Gallery

[编辑] Edubuntu 7.10 Guides and Links

Offical Edubuntu Website Wikipedia: Edubuntu

[编辑] Gobuntu 7.10 Guides and Links

Wikipedia: Gobuntu

[编辑] Translation and localization

Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese and most European languages have better support in Ubuntu than any other languages. If your language do not have enough support, then you can help Ubuntu by translating it in your preferred language. To translate, visit https://translations.launchpad.net/ubuntu and login (register if not already registered). Choose your preferred language and start translating.

[编辑] Updates and Upgrades and Installing Software

[编辑] How to add extra repositories

Work in Progress

[编辑] Menu Method

  • Choose distribution-friendly repositories. These are part of the Ubuntu distribution system. This is the recommended method. 
System-->Administration-->Software Sources

Check the repositories you think you will need (main, universe, restricted, multiverse). You probably won't need the 'sources' repository.

  • Add any third-party repositories. Such repositories are not monitored in any way. Some are quite popular, however. Use any third-party repository at your own risk. 
System-->Administration-->Software Sources-->Third-party software-->Add

Add the name of your repository. In this example, we will use Medibuntu, a popular third-party repository not affiliated with Ubuntu in any way. 

APT line: deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ gutsy free non-free
  • Download any needed gpg keys and add them to the keylist. This key verifies the repository to your system. The Medibuntu repository (not affiliated with Ubuntu) example is shown: 
wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -

[编辑] Manual Method

  • Create a backup of your current list of sources. 
sudo cp -p /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
  • Open the list of sources in a text editor

Ubuntu users: 

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
  • Replace everything with the following lines
To use your local mirror you can add "cc." before archive.ubuntu.com (cc = your country code)
e.g. deb http://lv.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted

##Universe

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates universe

## Multiverse

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates multiverse

## Backports

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Canonical Partner Repository 

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu gutsy partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu gutsy partner
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security multiverse

## PLF REPOSITORY (Unsupported.  May contain illegal packages.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ gutsy free non-free
  • Save the edited file 
wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update

[编辑] How to Upgrade from Feisty to Gutsy

[编辑] How to edit Automatic Updates

  • Enable automatic updates from the menu: 
System-->Administration-->Software Sources-->Updates

Select Important Security Updates and Recommended Security Updates and any other desired updates. Choose frequency of updates.

[编辑] How to manually update Ubuntu

  • From the command line:

use http://www.ubuntu-nl.org/source-o-matic/ page to generate the /etc/apt/sources.list file

take a backup of your existing /etc/apt/sources.list file

create a new /etc/apt/sources.list file from the generated page available on the browser

now run the following commands 

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
  • From the menu: 
System -> Administration -> Update Manager

[编辑] Add-on Applications

[编辑] Miscellaneous Applications

The application in this section need a home. If Editors have the time, please place these apps in an appropriate category. If the category doesn't exist then make it. Destroy this message when complete. Thanks. --KrazyPenguin 06:16, 27 October 2007 (EEST)

[编辑] Hotwire - Graphical terminal for Ubuntu

If you want graphical terminal for Ubuntu check this Very Useful

[编辑] How to install Epiphany web browser in Ubuntu

If you want to How to install Epiphany web browser in Ubuntu follow this procedure

[编辑] Midori - a lightweight web browser in Ubuntu

If you want to How to install Midori web browser in Ubuntu follow this procedure

[编辑] apturl - protocol handler in Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon

If you want to install ubuntu package from web browser here is simple tool

[编辑] sysvconfig - utility for configuring init script links

sysvconfig - utility for configuring init script links,service command in ubuntu

[编辑] Howto Install qBittorrent in Ubuntu Gutsy

sysvconfig - utility for configuring init script links,service command in ubuntu

[编辑] Enable Drag and Drop capabilities to aMSN

[编辑] Mount/Unmount .iso Images in oneclick

[编辑] Startup Manager

StartUp Manager - change settings in Grub, Grub2 and Usplash

[编辑] Adobe Reader Gutsy amd64/i386

First 

echo "deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ gutsy free non-free" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

Second 

wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add - && sudo apt-get update

Third we add plug ins and Reader 

sudo aptitude install acroread acroread-plugins acroread-escript

You can also install the plug-in for Firefox 

sudo aptitude install mozilla-acroread

Enjoy Adobe Reader

[编辑] OpenOffice add ons

Opening .docx files in OpenOffice for Ubuntu (This will work with other distros)

First we need to download the converter, it can be found here> [1] Download the "odf-converter-1.0.0-5.i586.rpm"

Now install alien, if you have not yet 

 sudo apt-get install alien

Then we need to convert it, we do not want a .deb package for this, so we use the -ct switch not the -k The -ct converts it to a .tgz 

 sudo alien -ct odf-converter-1.0.0-5.i586.rpm

Once it is converted you need to unpack it 

 tar xvf odf-converter-1.0.0.tgz

Now there should be three dirs on you desktop or where ever you un tared these.

You now need to run 

 sudo cp usr/lib/ooo-2.0/program/OdfConverter /usr/lib/openoffice/program/

 sudo cp usr/lib/ooo-2.0/share/registry/modules/org/openoffice/TypeDetection/Filter/MOOXFilter_cpp.xcu    /usr/lib/openoffice/share/registry/modules/org/openoffice/TypeDetection/Filter

 sudo cp usr/lib/ooo-2.0/share/registry/modules/org/openoffice/TypeDetection/Types/MOOXTypeDetection.xcu /usr/lib/openoffice/share/registry/modules/org/openoffice/TypeDetection/Types

Then you are done, you can now open and edit .docx files ONLY I will post the others when I find them.

There is an alternative to installing the "odf converter" on Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy). The 3 simple steps are as follows:

(make sure you are logged in as root first, so from the terminal, type sudo su - and type in your password when prompted)

Step 1: echo "deb http://ubuntu.org.ua/ getdeb/" >>/etc/apt/sources.list

Step 2: apt-get update

Step 3: apt-get install odf-converter

I did the 3 steps above and got it working on my machine. Please do let me know if anyone is having any problems with it.

[编辑] Genealogical Research and Analysis Management Program (Gramps)

GRAMPS, the Genealogical Research and Analysis Management Programming System, is an Open Source genealogy program written in Python, using the GTK/GNOME interface. GRAMPS has the ability to import GEDCOM files that are used in such programs as FamilyTree Maker for Windows and can produce reports in various formats such as the popular ABIWord and OpenOffice.org formats as well as HTML and PDF. 

sudo apt-get install gramps

[编辑] Desktop

[编辑] Howto Tweak Ubuntu System

If you want to tweak ubuntu check this

[编辑] AMOR - a creature for your desktop

If you want to add some fun to your ubuntu desktop this is for you

[编辑] Advanced Desktop Effects (Compiz Fusion)

Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon comes shipped with Compiz Fusion pre-installed, which means less tinkering with sensitive configuration files. For most part, Compiz needs proprietary drivers for your graphics card to work properly, so make sure you install those if needed.

To enable desktop effects, turn them on by navigating your GNOME-menu to System > Preferences > Appearance. Under the tab Visual Effects you'll find three settings; None, Normal and Extra. To turn Compiz on, choose one of the two latter.

If you wish to customize your Compiz options and plugins, such as animations and Desktop Cube, first install the configuration tool: 

 sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then either choose the now available Custom and Preferences from the above Visual Effects menu, or start the settings manager via the menu System > Preferences > Advanced Desktop Effects Settings. You can also start the application from the terminal or run dialog (ALT + F2), using the command ccsm.

[编辑] ATI用户和Compiz

一些ATI显卡并不需要受限驱动来支持Compiz，像开源驱动(radeon)也同样支持3D加速。尽管如此，开源驱动还是没有闭源驱动那么快速，所以如果要用受限驱动的话你需要在终端下做些工夫。


1. 安装完驱动後，不管是受限驱动还是取自ATI官网的驱动，你都必须对Xorg配置文件进行设置来运行你的新驱动。总是在修改之前备份源文件，以防万一。开启一个终端并运行: 

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak
 sudo aticonfig --initial --input=/etc/X11/xorg.conf

这将用ATI自己的驱动来代替默认的驱动，并使原来的驱动失效。


2. 现在，告诉Compiz不要去关心那些列入黑名单里面的驱动： 

echo SKIP_CHECKS="yes" >> $HOME/.config/compiz/compiz-manager

可选的，你可以将之列入白名单，这是一个相当不错的办法。运行这条命令来编辑compiz启动脚本： 

gksudo gedit /usr/bin/compiz

找到 Driver whitelist 并在这一行的最后加上 fglrx , 就像这样: 

# Driver whitelist
 WHITELIST="nvidia intel ati radeon i810 fglrx"


3. 重启系统，登录并启动Compiz。（这句原文有乱码，大概意思应该是这样吧）

[编辑] Live system monitoring 

sudo apt-get install netspeed

Right click on the free area of the upper panel and select "Add to Panel...". Add "System Monitor" and "Network Monitor". Right Click on System Monitor and select Preferences. Add the monitor resources that you want to monitor.

[编辑] Desktop session recording

It is possible to record the whole desktop session along with mouse pointer and sound system. It is a very useful tool for video screenshot as ordinary still picture screenshots generated by pressing Print Screen cannot demonstrate everything. Three applications that can do this for you are Istanbul, Wink and gtk-recordMyDesktop.

[编辑] Istanbul 
sudo apt-get install istanbul
[编辑] Wink 
sudo apt-get install wink
[编辑] gtk-recordMyDesktop 
sudo apt-get install gtk-recordmydesktop

[编辑] International Clock Gnome Applet (OpenSuse contribution)

To switch to the new international clock applet download it from Here then install it with dpkg.

Remove the old clock gnome applet right-clicking on it and then add a new applet to the panel with a right-click too over the empty place: 

>Add to panel...>Miscellaneous>International Clock>Add

You got it.

Add World Map and choose World locations using its Preferences menu

[编辑] Backup

Ubuntu Backup Options If you want to backup your Ubuntu Desktop Use Sbackup

rdiff-backup Use rdiff-backup ubuntu

[编辑] Games

[编辑] Frozen Bubble

To install Frozen Bubble simply run: 

sudo apt-get install frozen-bubble

or use Synaptic Package Manager under System > Administration menu, to locate and install the package.

[编辑] How to solve Sudoku

There is a simple Perl script for solving gnome-sudoku. It does not support trial-and-error.

[编辑] Super Nintendo Emulator (ZSNES) 1.510 for i386/AMD64

For support or questions see http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=588744

ZSNES 1.51 is included in the Official Gutsy i386 repos. However, there is no official AMD64 version, and the i386 version is known to have issues in Gutsy (see http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=571666). There is a workaround available for i386 users who are experiencing this error (see http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=3604026&postcount=22).

  • Add a 3rd Party Repository 
echo "deb http://packages.dfreer.org gutsy main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
wget http://packages.dfreer.org/7572013D.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update
  • Install using one of the lines below 
sudo apt-get install zsnes32 #for amd64 users
sudo apt-get install zsnes   #for everyone else
  • Applications > Games > zsnes or zsnes32

[编辑] Playstation Emulator (pSX) 1.13 for i386/AMD64

For support or questions see http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=394097

  • Add a 3rd Party Repository 
echo "deb http://packages.dfreer.org gutsy main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
wget http://packages.dfreer.org/7572013D.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update
  • Install using one of the lines below 
sudo apt-get install psx32 #for amd64 users
sudo apt-get install psx   #for everyone else
  • Applications > Games > pSX or pSX32

[编辑] KDE games

To install the games from KDE 3 (recommended for Kubuntu users), install the package kdegames. This can be done with: 

sudo apt-get install kdegames

[编辑] UrbanTerror 4.0

  • UrbanTerror 4.0 is a Multi-player First Person Shooter. The Game uses the open source quake 3 engine and features many real weapons and free to use servers for multi-player functionality.

More information can be found at UrbanTerror

  • After downloading the script open Terminal into your download directory then make the script executable with the following command: 
sudo chmod +x urt40-linux-installer.sh
  • Now double click on the script to execute and follow the directions
  • The install will take awhile as the script executes a download of the necessary files which are about 541MB
  • After the install you will have a nice UrbanTerror icon on your desktop (unless you installed as root)

This easy install script is courtesy of Nexu from the UrbanTerror Forums.

[编辑] CD/DVD

[编辑] How to rip a DVD video

dvd::rip is a full featured DVD copy program written in Perl. It provides an easy to use but feature-rich Gtk+ GUI to control almost all aspects of the ripping and transcoding process. It uses the widely known video processing swissknife transcode and many other Open Source tools. 

sudo apt-get install dvdrip

[编辑] How to burn video DVD

dvdauthor is a program that will generate a DVD movie from a valid mpeg2 stream that should play when you put it in a DVD player. 

sudo apt-get install dvdauthor

[编辑] How to burn a CD/DVD

nautilus-cd-burner is a basic and pre-installed program to write a CD or DVD. Serpentine is a pre-installed audio CD creator program. Serpentine can convert flac and mp3 on the fly, when making audio cds. nerolinux is a non-free CD/DVD/Blu-Ray/HD-DVD recorder. k3b is a great CD/DVD writing tool for KDE (ideal for Kubuntu users). But if you are looking for GTK/Gnome alternatives, then brasero, cdw/gcdw, gcdmaster, graveman and gnomebaker might impress you.

dvdisaster provides a margin of safety against data loss on CD and DVD media caused by scratches or aging media. It creates error correction data which is used to recover unreadable sectors if the disc becomes damaged at a later time.

[编辑] Internet

[编辑] Browser Plug-ins

Ubuntu automatically installs plug-ins required to browse a site in Firefox. But if you want to install plug-ins run the following in Terminal:

For Java plug-in: 

sudo apt-get install sun-java6-plugin

For Flash plug-in: 

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree

Or if you want to support the open source flash plugin: 

sudo apt-get install mozilla-plugin-gnash

For VLC plug-in (automatically installs VLC also): 

sudo apt-get install mozilla-plugin-vlc

For MPlayer plug-in (automatically installs MPlayer also): 

sudo apt-get install mozilla-mplayer

For Real player plug-in (automatically installs helix-player): 

sudo apt-get install mozilla-helix-player

For kaffeine plug-in (automatically installs kaffeine also): 

sudo apt-get install kaffeine-mozilla

For image-zoom plug-in (to zoom images in a page): 

sudo apt-get install mozilla-imagezoom

For adblock plug-in (to block ads in a web page): 

sudo apt-get install mozilla-firefox-adblock

Gutsy includes the option to add extensions to Firefox through the Ubuntu repositories. The option to add these extensions is included by default. To see and add Ubuntu Add-ons:

  • In Firefox, Go to Tools > Add-ons
  • Click "Get Ubuntu Addons"
  • To see all available add-ons, click the list next to "Show:" and choose "All Available Applications"
  • Choose whichever add-ons you want, and click "Apply Changes"
  • You can see which add-ons you've installed in the normal Firefox add-on box.

(Note: All Ubuntu add-ons are also available through the Synaptic package manager.)

[编辑] Shockwave

There is no version of Shockwave for Ubuntu/Linux but WINE can be used to run it. This method will result in 2 Firefox Browsers installed on the computer. Only use the WINE version when using a website that requires it. The native version of Firefox will give better computer performance, so it should used in all other occurrences.

  • Install WINE
  • Download and install Firefox for Windows
  • Download and install Shockwave for Windows

[编辑] Download Manager (Downloader for X)

To install Downloader for X simply run: 

sudo apt-get install d4x

or use Synaptic Package Manager under System > Administration menu, to locate and install the "d4x" package.

[编辑] FTP client (FileZilla)

FileZilla is a powerful FTP client that came from windows enviroment. Reaching its third version it became cross-platform and is available through the Ubuntu Gutsy Repositories.

To install FileZilla FTP client simply run: 

 sudo apt-get install filezilla

or use Synaptic Package Manager under System > Administration menu, to locate and install the "filezilla" package.

[编辑] Configuring Evolution for Gmail

Visit http://mail.google.com/mail/ and click settings (should be in top right corner). Select Forwarding and POP/IMAP.

  • If you want to use POP, select either "Enable POP for all mail (even mail that's already been downloaded)" or "Enable POP only for mail that arrives from now on".
  • If you want to use IMAP, select "Enable IMAP".

Save changes.

Open Evolution from Applications -> Internet -> Evolution Mail. If no mail account has been created before, a mail account setup wizard will automatically be opened. Otherwise open it from Edit -> preferences -> Mail Accounts -> Add. Click Forward. Enter your email address for Gmail (including @gmail.com). Click Forward.

  • If you have enabled POP from Gmail set "Server Type" to POP, "Server" to pop.gmail.com, and "Use Secure Connection" to "SSL encryption".
  • If you have enabled IMAP from Gmail, set "Server Type" to IMAP, "Server" to imap.gmail.com, and "Use Secure Connection" to "SSL encryption".

Click Forward. Click Forward. Set "Server" to smtp.gmail.com, and "Use Secure Connection" to "SSL encryption". Click Forward. Click Forward. Click Apply.

Note that IMAP support for GMAIL is being rolled-out currently (Oct. 2007) but is not available to everyone with a GMAIL account yet. So use POP until IMAP is available for every user.

[编辑] SwiftFox

Swiftfox is the Firefox web browser, but built with optimizations to increase speed on specific CPU types. It is compatible with all Firefox extensions and themes, and uses the same settings location as Firefox, so you can use both transparently.

Instructions from getswiftfox.com

  • Add the Swiftfox repository 
 sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
  • Add this line at the bottom 
 deb http://getswiftfox.com/builds/debian unstable non-free
  • Update apt sources 
 sudo apt-get update
  • Check your CPU compatibility here
  • Install your version of Swiftfox 
 sudo apt-get install swiftfox-pentium4
  • Run with 
 Programs > Internet > Swiftfox
  • There is also an [installer] available that is distro independent. It is a script that downloads and installs Swiftfox in the /opt directory and attempts to use existing Firefox plugins. The installer is probably the best way for most non-Ubuntu and non-Debian users to install Swiftfox.

[编辑] Azureus (Java BitTorrent client)

The simplest way to install Azureus is: 

sudo apt-get install azureus

But it has lots of dependencies. An alternate method is discussed here. Additionally you can create a file /usr/share/applications/Azureus.desktop containing the following lines to make it appear in the main menu: 

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Name=Azureus
Exec=/usr/local/azureus/azureus
Comment=Java BitTorrent client
Categories=Application;Network;
MimeType=application/x-bittorrent;
Icon=/usr/local/azureus/Azureus.png

(here it is assumed that azureus is installed in /usr/local directory)

Update: A brand-new Azureus package is now available in gutsy-backports, which is highly preferable to the version in the main repositories. It fixes many stability problems and is compiled using icedtea/Java 7. By the time you read this, it may be available in the main repositories. Therefore you might want to make sure you have the gutsy-backports repository enabled before installing azureus via apt-get.

[编辑] Deluge (A lightweight BitTorrent client written in python)

If you want a client with lower memory and CPU usage than Azureus you might want to try out Deluge. However, due to stability problems with the version available in the Ubuntu repository, it's probably better to install the latest version using the handy Gutsy-specific package from the official Deluge website. To install, just click on the debian package for your version and architecture (i386 for 32-bit systems and x86_64 for 64-bit systems) and choose to run it with GDebi package installer.

[编辑] DC++ client (Linuxdcpp)

  • Install: 
sudo apt-get install linuxdcpp
  • Then go 
Main Menu->Intenet->DC++

[编辑] Multimedia Players

[编辑] How to install Mplayer with Multimedia Codecs

Simple guide for mplayer and codecs

  • Download SMPlayer (a great front-end for MPlayer) from here and double click to install it. The smplayer front-end is also available to install through synaptic package manager.
[编辑] Mplayer on 64bit with wmv9 support

Playing wmv9 files on AMD64 doesn't exactly work out of the box. To get it working, you will have to install the 32bit version of mplayer, along with all the necessary codecs. On my relatively new install of Gutsy, I didn't need to install any library files, which made getting it to work that much easier. That being said, follow these steps and you should be watching wmv9 files in no time.

Download the version of mplayer32 for Edgy (it works fine) and place into temporary directory 

mkdir mplayer32temp
cd mplayer32temp
wget http://folk.ntnu.no/grannas/debs/mplayer32_20070130-1_amd64.deb

Extract the package you just downloaded, and install to the proper locations (hit 'n' when it asks to replace a file) 

sudo dpkg -x mplayer32_20070130-1_amd64.deb ./
sudo mv -i usr/bin/* /usr/bin/
sudo mv -i usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32/

Get the latest win32 codecs from mplayerhq (link is current as of Nov 04, 2007), extract and install (again, hit 'n' when it asks to replace a file) 

wget http://www3.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/essential-20071007.tar.bz2
tar jxfv essential-20071007.tar.bz2
sudo mv -i essential-20071007/* /usr/lib/win32/

play a wmv9 file and enjoy. 

mplayer32 foobar.wmv

[编辑] How to install amaroK Multimedia Player

  • Note: Amarok is already installed if you are using KDE. 
sudo apt-get install amarok
  • Run from menu: 
Applications -> Sound & Video -> amaroK
[编辑] How to uninstall amaroK 
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove amarok

[编辑] How to get Mouse over preview of MP3 files working 

sudo apt-get install mpg321
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-esound-compat
sudo apt-get install libasound2-plugins

The above method breaks the sound in Skype

you can also get Mouse over preview to work by installing: 

sudo apt-get install mpg321
sudo apt-get install mpg123-esd
sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools
sudo apt-get install esound
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

with this system Skype still functions

[编辑] How to install VLC Media Player 

sudo apt-get install vlc

To uninstall VLC Media Player: 

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove vlc

[编辑] How to install Banshee Music Manager and Player 

sudo apt-get install banshee

To uninstall: 

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove banshee

[编辑] How to encode/decode audios

There is a great command line tool, sox which not just a ordinary encoder/decoder but a good composer. Read its manual for more information.

Input(s) → Balancing → Combiner → Effects → Output 

sudo apt-get install sox

sox cannot handle Real Audio format. For that you need mplayer which converts a .rm file to a .wav file and then use sox to convert wave file to other file. 

 mplayer -ao pcm:file=output.wav input.rm

[编辑] How to encode/decode videos

mencoder, avidemux, transcode, ffmpeg2theora, etc. are some video converting tools. Read their manuals for information. 

sudo apt-get install mencoder avidemux transcode ffmpeg2theora

[编辑] How to edit audios 

sudo apt-get install lmms
sudo apt-get install audacity

[编辑] How to edit videos 

sudo apt-get install ubuntustudio-video

[编辑] Text-to-Speech

Visit https://help.ubuntu.com/community/TextToSpeech

[编辑] Programming / Web Development

[编辑] Quanta Plus

(Quanta is a KDE application, but also works on GNOME.) To install Quanta, HTML/XML/PHP/Etc Web Creation Software: 

sudo apt-get install quanta kompare kxsldbg cervisia

Applications > Programming > Quanta Plus

[编辑] Netbeans IDE

Netbeans is a platform independent IDE for Java. But it also supports C/C++, Ruby, portals and lots of other stuffs as plug-ins. At the point of writing, version 5.5.1 is the latest stable release and can be installed by: 

sudo apt-get install netbeans5.5

Alternately you can download Netbeans 6.0 and install it manually. The size of the installation package varies from 11 MB to 200 MB.

[编辑] Netbeans with Web & Java EE pack

If you want to use NetBeans for web development and want to integrate with Java EE, download the "Netbeans with Web & Java EE" pack. The plug-in mechanism of installing additional modules are not recommended as it installs it on user directory (~/.netbeans/6.0beta2/modules/) rather than system-wide installation directory (/usr/local/netbeans-6.0beta2/nb6.0/modules/).

Netbeans with Web & Java EE pack comes with 2 built in runtime environments:

  • GlassFish V2 Build 58g
  • Apache Tomcat 6.0.14

Those are ideal for both development and production use. Thus you do not have to install either Sun Java Application Server of Apache Tomcat separately. Also uninstalling Netbeans will not uninstall them. You have to uninstall them separately.

But in case you want to install the servers separately, you typically have to run Netbeans as root. Alternately, you can also change the configuration files' owner/group and permissions of Tomcat and GlassFish to work with Netbeans.

[编辑] Eclipse IDE

Eclipse IDE is an alternative of Netbeans IDE. Actually, it is somewhat more popular among Linux users. You can install eclipse directly from Eclipse website or can install it using apt-get: 

sudo apt-get install eclipse

[编辑] Anjuta IDE

Anjuta is an IDE used primarily for C/C++ development. Not as robust as other itegrated development environments. However, tt does feature some useful plugins that provide functionality that most other IDE's have. (GUI development, project wizards, etc.) 

sudo apt-get install anjuta

[编辑] Utilities

[编辑] Compression tools

Zip, Gzip and Bzip2 are the most popular compression tools available in almost every every Linux. But of late two new compression tools available: p7zip (http://7-zip.org/), ace and rar (http://www.rarlab.com/). 7-zip is a open-source project, but rar and ace are not. 

sudo apt-get install rar unrar
sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
sudo apt-get install unace

Ark is the compression tool for kde, and has support for more formats including rar. 

sudo apt-get install ark

[编辑] Clipboard Manager (Glipper)

To install Glipper simply run: 

sudo apt-get install glipper

or use Synaptic Package Manager under System > Administration menu, to locate and install the "glipper" package.

[编辑] Password Manager (KeePassX)

KeePass is a crossplatform password manager. To install it simply run: 

sudo apt-get install keepassx

or use Synaptic Package Manager under System > Administration menu, to locate and install the "keepassx" package.

[编辑] How to fix/integrate bluetooth with nautilus

On Some systems bluetooth "Browse Device" fuction doesn't work properly.

To Fix This: 

sudo apt-get install gnome-vfs-obexftp

or 

sudo aptitude install gnome-vfs-obexftp

[编辑] How to install Google Earth (World map utility)

Google earth is a world map viewer. It can show 3D buildings and bridges in 3D view. It shows satellite pictures by default. The latest version also includes sky viewer. See http://earth.google.com/ for more details.

Google Earth is available in the Medibuntu Package archive. To install google-earth from Medibuntu: 

echo "deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ gutsy free non-free" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add - && sudo apt-get update
sudo aptitude install googleearth

Alternatively you can install Google Earth directly from the Google installer:

Download Google Earth in to Your Desktop. Open terminal and run: 

chmod +x Desktop/GoogleEarthLinux.bin
sudo Desktop/GoogleEarthLinux.bin

Follow the instructions to complete the instructions. To uninstall Google earth, do the following: 

sudo su
/opt/google-earth/uninstall

[编辑] How to install Picasa (photo organizer from Google)

Picasa is software that helps you instantly find, edit and share all the pictures on your computer. Picasa makes advanced editing simple by putting one-click fixes and powerful effects at your fingertips. And Picasa makes it a snap to share your pictures – you can email, print photos home, and even post pictures on your own blog. You can install it in four ways: 

sudo apt-get install picasa
  • Download the Self-extracting installer and follow the instruction set for Google Earth.
  • Install the Windows version (with the help of WINE).

[编辑] How to install Google Desktop (search utility)

Google Desktop is a desktop search application that gives you easy access to information on your computer and from the web. Desktop makes searching your own email, files, music, photos, and more as easy as searching the web with Google. You can download Google Desktop in two ways: